一般疑问句有两个家族。
be 动词+ 主语 + 其它部分+?
肯定回答用“Yes,主语+be\情态动词.”,否定回答用“No,主语+be\情态动词+not.”。be或情态动词和not可用缩写形式,主要有isn’t,aren’t,wasn’t,weren’t,can’t,mustn’t,needn’t等。
Eg.1 问句: Is this your English book?
肯定回答: Yes,放设芝it is.
否定回答: No,it isn’t.
Eg.2 问句: Are these your English books?
肯定回答: Yes,they are.
否定回答:祝付 No,they aren’t.
Eg.3 问句: Can you speak En祖断夜glish?
肯定回答: Yes,I can壳和骗.
否定回答: No,I can’t.
助动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它+?
肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+ do\does.”,否定回答用“No, 主语+do\does not.”。助动词也常用缩写形式,主要有don’t,doesn’t,didn’t等。
Eg.4 问句: Do your parents like English?
肯答: Yes,they do.
否答: No,they don’t. [1]
正如前面所述,回答一般疑问句时有肯定回答和否定回答两种方式,肯定回答以Yes起句,否定回答用No开头。但对一般疑问句的回答也不是一成不变的。肯定回答还可以用OK./Certainly.等;否定回答可用Sorry./Sorry,I can`t.等。
Eg.5 问句: Can you speak English?
否定回答: Sorry, I can’t. [1]
朗读一般疑问句时用疑问调,而一般疑问句的简略答语则用感叹调。 [1]
根据一般疑问句不同的家族,可以用不同的方法将陈述句变为相应的一般疑问句。
1、第一家族:含be动词或情态动词的句子
秘诀:
一调二改三问号
一调:即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前;
三问号:句末的句号改为问号。如:
Eg.6 I am an English teacher. → Are you an English teacher?
Eg.7 We can speak English fluently. → Can you speak English fluently?
2、第二家族:含行为动词(或称为实义动词)的句子
秘诀:
一加二改三问号
一加:即在句首加助动词Do或Does;
三问号:句末的句号改为问号。
Eg.8 We read English every morning. → Do you read English every morning?
Eg.9 Tom’s fa民犁ther listens to English on the radio every evening. →
Does Tom’s father listen to English on the radi纹主o every剃兆局 evening?
Eg.10 Is there any tea in the cup?
Eg.11 Do you have any children?
Eg.12 May I have some fish?
Eg.13 Would you like some tea?
Eg.14 Shall we buy some vegetables?
Eg.15 Can I borrow some money from you?
Eg.16 Why not have some bread?
Eg.17 How about some orange juice?
这里着重分析的是一般疑问句的用法,及在实际运用中遇到的一些状况。
A:一般疑问句:以be动词, have /has/do等助动词、can/may等情态动词开头,以yes或no来回答的问句。 它的基本结构是:Be/Have /Has/Did等助动词(包括情态动词)+主语+谓语(包括表语)+?回答常用简略回答。
1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时,只要直接把这些词置于句首,句末改成问号。
注意:在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词,如果有也必须进行改变,already要改成yet、some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外,在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候,常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。
如:
Are you from Japan﹖
Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
Is her sister doing her homework now﹖
Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.
Does he work in a bank﹖
Do you live near your school﹖
Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
Can you speak French﹖
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
May I go home now﹖
Yes, you may. / No, you mustn't. [1]
“肯变一,并不难,can 或be提在前;
谓语若为行为动,do 或does句首用。” [1]