- 中文名
- 主语从句
- 外文名
- Subject Clause
- 解 释
- 复合句中充当主语成分的句子
第一部分
e.g. :
(1)That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
他在如此短的时间内写完作文使我们十分惊讶。
(2)Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
我们明天是否会去郊游仍旧未知。
(3)Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
现在还没有决主祝定谁会成为我们的班长。
(4)Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
“我们为谁而学习”是个很重要的问题。
(5)What caused the accident remains unknown.
事故的起因是未知的。
(6)Whatever you did is right.
你做的任何事都是正确的。
(7)Whom the watch belongs to is unknown.
手表的归属是未知的。
(8)What we need is time.
我们需要的是时间。
(9)What we need are good doctors.
我们需要的是好的医生。
名词性从句的时态规则
e.g. :
I wonder what he is doing now.
我想知道他现在在干什么。
Do you know when and where he was born?
你知道他是在哪里什么时候出生的吗?
I'll write to tell him where I 'll meet him.
我将写信告诉他我将在哪里与他碰面。
(2)主句谓语动词是过去时,从句谓语动词一般需用过去时。
e.g. :
I thought that he studied hard.
我认为他学习很努力。
He t催炼笑old me his son was watching TV.
他告诉我他的儿子在看电视。
e.g. :
He said he would spend his holidays in Qingdao.
e.g. :
They told me they had waited for me half an hour.
他们告诉我他们已经等了我半小时了。
④从句如果有表示过去某一具体时间的状语,仍用过去时。
e.g. :
She told me her brother died in 1945.
她告诉我她的哥哥(弟弟)死于1945年。
(3)从句时态不受下列客观的条件影响。
e.g. :
The teacher told us that the earth turns from west to east.
老师告诉我们地球自西向东转。
He said Asia is the largest continent.
It was true that water freezes at thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit.
②当从句表示的是反复出现的,固定的时刻时,时态不变。
e.g. :
She told me that she gets up at six o'clock every morning.
她告诉我她每天早晨6点起床。
He asked me when the train usually starts.
他向我询问火车通常何时出发。
③当从句的谓语 动作仍在继续时,或者表示事物 / 人 在说话的当时仍然存在,仍然持续的状态时,时态不变。
He said that the workers in that factory are trying to fulfill the task in time.
他说那家公司的员工正在全力及时完成任务。
She told me the other day that she is only 10.
她告诉我那天她只有10岁。
小结
(2)连词位于句首不能省略
注意:当what引导的名词性分句作主语时,主谓一致问题极为复杂。著名学者周海中教授在论文《关于what-分句作主语的主谓一致问题》中就这一问题做了深入研究,并给出了10种的主谓一致关系。这些一致关系值得英语学习者和使用者特别注意。
第二部分
e.g. :
(1)It is certain that he will win the match.
他一定会赢得这场比赛的。
(2)It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.
他的确在化学领域有了一个伟大的发现。
(3)It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.
他们很有可能会举行一场会议。
(4)It is strange that he should do that.
他竟然那样做是很奇怪的。
(5)It is important that we all should attend the meeting.
重要的是我们都应该参加会议。
(6)It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.
真奇怪,这个人竟然坚持自己愚蠢的想法。
(7)It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.
真遗憾我们不能去南方度过我们的暑假。
(8)It is still a mystery what caused the accident.
造成事故的原因仍旧是个秘密。
(9)It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai)
据说他已经去上海了。
(10)It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.
所有人都知道火药最初是由中国人发明的。
(11)It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.
建议元体永工作应该被小心地被完成。
(12)It happened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats happened to be there)
两个骗子碰巧在那里。
小结:
例:It is known that... It is shown that...
一.主语从句
例如:
It is still a question whether she will come or not.
It is strange that you should like him.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
另外,还有一些比较多见的结构:
It has been proved that……;
It happened/occurred that……;
It is well-known that……等等
强调主语:It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄
强调宾语:It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us.
强调状语:It was in shanghai that I saw the film.
判断是否是强调句有一个方法,就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看,看有没有缺成分,缺的是什么成分,再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分,带到你认为缺成分的地方,如果放进去是一句完整的句子了,那就说明是强调句。
(1) It is +名词+that从句
e.g. :
It is a fact that … 事实是……
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is +形容词+that从句
e.g. :
It is natural that… 很自然……
It is strange that… 奇怪的是……
e.g. :
It seems that… 似乎……
It happened that… 碰巧……
(4) it is+过去分词+that从句
e.g. :
It is reported that… 据报道……
It has been proved that… 已证实……
e.g. :
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
例如:
What you said yesterday is right.
引导词:what \ which \ whose \ when \ whether \if \ where