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Pilosopiya

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The School of Athens(1509–1511) ni Raphael, na nagpapahiling nin mga famosong klasikal na Griyegong pilosopo sa sarong ideyalisadong kasibotan na inspirado kan suanoy na Griyegong arkitektura

Anpilosopiya(Ingles:philosophy,gikan sa Griyego: φιλοσοφία,philosophia,'pagkamoot sa kadunungan' )[1][2][3]iyo an pag-aadal nin heneral asin pundamental na kahapotan, arug kaidtong manungod sa rason, eksistensya, kaaraman, kaugalian, pag-iisip, sagkodtataramon.[4][5]An mga arug kaidtong kahapotan iyo harus nagigin problema[6][7]na dapat adalan o maresolba. An termino iyo baad namokna niPythagoras(c. 570 – c. 495 BCE). An mga pilosopikal na paagi iyo kabali an paghapot, kritikal na diskusyon, rasyunal na argumento, asin sistematikong presentasyon.[8][9]

Sa historya, anpilosopiyaiyo minasakop sa gabos na hawak nin kaaraman asin an may hararom na kaaraman sa lado iyo inaapod napilosopo.[10]Gikan sa panahon kan suanoy na Griyegong pilosopo na siAristotlehasta sa ika-19 na siglo, an "natural na pilosopiya" iyo minasakop saastronomiya,medisina,asinpisika.[11]Halimbawa, an libro niNewtonkan 1687 naMathematical Principles of Natural Philosophyiyo dagos pigklasipika bilang libro nin pisika.

Kaidtong ika-19 na siglo, an pag-uswag kan mga modernong research na unibersidad iyo nagtaong dalan sa akademikong pilosopiya asin iba pang disiplina para mapropesyunalisar asin maespesyalisar.[12][13]Poon kaidto, an manlainlain na lugar nin imbestigasyon na tradisyunal na parte kan pilosopiya iyo nagin suway na akademikong disiplina, arug kansikolohiya,sosyolohiya,lingwistika,asinekonomika.

Sa ngunyan, an mga mayor na sub-lado kan akademikong pilosopiya iyo kabali anmetapisika,na iyo segun sa pundamental na katotoohan kan eksistensya asin realidad; anepistemolohiya,na minaadal sa katotoohan nin kaaraman asin pagtubod; anetika,na iyo segun sa moral na pag-aadal; sagkod anlohika,na minaadal sa kasuguan nin imperensya na minatugot sa paghimo nin konklusyon hale sa totoong premiso.[14][15]An iba pang notableng sub-lado iyo kabali an pilosopiya kan siyensya, politikal na pilosopiya, aestetiko, pilosopiya kan tataramon, asin pilosopiya kan pag-iisip.

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An Wikimedia Commons igwa nin medya dapit saPhilosophy.

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  1. ↑"Strong's Greek: 5385. φιλοσοφία (philosophia) -- the love or pursuit of wisdom".biblehub.Archived fromthe originalon 23 November 2017.Retrieved17 June2019.Unknown parameter|url-status=ignored (help)
  2. ↑"Online Etymology Dictionary".Etymonline.Archivedfrom the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2010.
  3. ↑The definition of philosophy is: "1. orig., love of, or the search for, wisdom or knowledge 2. theory or logical analysis of the principles underlying conduct, thought, knowledge, and the nature of the universe".
  4. ↑"Philosophy".Lexico.University of Oxford Press. 2020. Archived fromthe originalon 28 March 2019.Retrieved28 March2019.Unknown parameter|url-status=ignored (help)
  5. ↑Sellars, Wilfrid (1963).Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind(PDF).Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd. pp. 1, 40. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 23 March 2019.Retrieved28 March2019.
  6. ↑Chalmers, David J. (1995). "Facing up to the problem of consciousness".Journal of Consciousness Studies2(3): 200, 219. Archived fromthe originalon 20 November 2019.https://web.archive.org/web/20191120095823/http://consc.net/papers/facing.html.Retrieved on 28 March 2019.
  7. ↑Henderson, Leah (2019). "The problem of induction".Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2019/entries/induction-problem/.Retrieved on 28 March 2019.
  8. ↑Adler, Mortimer J. (2000).How to Think About the Great Ideas: From the Great Books of Western Civilization.Chicago, Ill.: Open Court.ISBN978-0-8126-9412-3.
  9. ↑Honderich, T., ed. (1995).The Oxford Companion to Philosophy.Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-866132-0.
  10. ↑"The English word" philosophy "is first attested to c. 1300, meaning" knowledge, body of knowledge. " Harper, Douglas. 2020."philosophy (n.)Archived2 July 2017 at theWayback Machine.. "Online Etymology Dictionary.Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  11. ↑Lindberg 2007,p. 3.
  12. ↑Shapin, Steven (1998).The Scientific Revolution(1st ed.). University Of Chicago Press.ISBN978-0-226-75021-7.
  13. ↑Briggle, Robert; Frodeman, Adam (11 January 2016)."When Philosophy Lost Its Way | The Opinionator".New York Times.Archived fromthe originalon 5 March 2020.Retrieved25 April2016.Unknown parameter|url-status=ignored (help)
  14. ↑"Metaphysics".Merriam-Webster Dictionary.Archived fromthe originalon 8 May 2020.Retrieved8 May2020.Unknown parameter|url-status=ignored (help)
  15. ↑"Epistemology".Merriam-Webster Dictionary.Archived fromthe originalon 8 May 2020.Retrieved8 May2020.Unknown parameter|url-status=ignored (help)
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