Hafnyo

Hafnium
72Hf
Zr ↑ Hf ↓ Rf Periodic table lutetium←hafnium→tantalum
Panagway
steel gray
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan,simbolo,kaiphan	hafnium, Hf, 72
Paglitok	/ˈhæfniəm/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-nee-əm]]
Kategoriyang elemento	puthaw nga transisyon
Group,period,block	4,6,d
Gibug-aton sa atomo	178.49
Kontorno sa elektron	[Xe] 4f145d26s2 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2 Electron shells of hafnium (2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2)
History
Prediction	Dmitri Mendeleev(1869)
Pagkadiskobre	Dirk CosterandGeorge de Hevesy(1922)
First isolation	Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy(1922)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density(nearr.t.)	13.31 g·cm−3
Liquiddensityatm.p.	12 g·cm−3
Melting point	2506K, 2233 °C, 4051 °F
Boiling point	4876 K, 4603 °C, 8317 °F
Heat of fusion	27.2kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	571 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	25.73 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2689 2954 3277 3679 4194 4876
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4,3, 2 (amphotericoxide)
Electronegativity	1.3 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 658.5 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1440 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 2250 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	159pm
Covalent radius	175±10 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 331 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	23.0 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 5.9 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound(thin rod)	(20 °C) 3010 m·s−1
Young's modulus	78 GPa
Shear modulus	30 GPa
Bulk modulus	110 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.37
Mohs hardness	5.5
Vickers hardness	1760 MPa
Brinell hardness	1700 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-58-6
Most stable isotopes
Main article:Isotopes of hafnium
iso NA half-life DM DE(MeV) DP 172Hf syn 1.87y ε 0.350 172Lu 174Hf 0.162% 2×1015y α 2.495 170Yb 176Hf 5.206% 176Hf isstablewith 104neutrons 177Hf 18.606% 177Hf isstablewith 105neutrons 178Hf 27.297% 178Hf isstablewith 106neutrons 178m3Hf syn 31y IT 2.446 178Hf 179Hf 13.629% 179Hf isstablewith 107neutrons 180Hf 35.1% 180Hf isstablewith 108neutrons 182Hf trace 8.9×106y β− 0.373 182Ta

Anghafnyo(Iningleshafnium) mao angelementong kimikosatalaang peryodikonga may simbolo ngaHfug kaiphan nga atomik 72. Ang hafnyo mao angputhaw nga transisyon.

Galeriya sa hulagway

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
•