Boro

Boron
	5B
	beryllium←boron→carbon
Panagway
	black-brown;
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan,simbolo,kaiphan	boron, B, 5
Paglitok	/ˈbɔərɒn/
Kategoriyang elemento	metalloid
Group,period,block	13,2,p
Gibug-aton sa atomo	10.81(1)
Kontorno sa elektron	[He] 2s22p1; 2, 3 Electron shells of boron (2, 3)
History
Pagkadiskobre	Joseph Louis Gay-LussacandLouis Jacques Thénard(30 June 1808)
First isolation	Humphry Davy(9 July 1808)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Liquiddensityatm.p.	2.08 g·cm−3
Melting point	2349K, 2076 °C, 3769 °F
Boiling point	4200 K, 3927 °C, 7101 °F
Heat of fusion	50.2kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	480 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	11.087 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	3,2, 1; (mildlyacidicoxide)
Electronegativity	2.04 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies; (more)	1st: 800.6 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 2427.1 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 3659.7 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	90pm
Covalent radius	84±3pm
Van der Waals radius	192pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	rhombohedral
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) ~106Ω·m
Thermal conductivity	27.4 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) (β form) 5–7µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound(thin rod)	(20 °C) 16,200 m·s−1
Mohs hardness	~9.5
CAS registry number	7440-42-8
Most stable isotopes
	Main article:Isotopes of boron
	*Boron-10 content may be as low as 19.1% and as; high as 20.3% in natural samples. Boron-11 is; the remainder in such cases.
	v; t; e; ·r

Angboro(Ininglesboron) mao angelementong kimikosatalaang peryodikonga may simbolo ngaBug kaiphan nga atomik 5. Ang boro mao angmetalloid.

Ang mga gi basihan niini

↑Gay Lussac, J.L. and Thenard, L.J. (1808)"Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique,"Annales de chimie[later: Annales de chemie et de physique], vol. 68, pp. 169–174.
↑Davy H (1809)."An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory".Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.99:33–104.
↑Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995)."Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF"(PDF).J. Molecular Spectroscopy.170:82.Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z.doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.{{cite journal}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑Lide, David R. (ed.) (2000).Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics(PDF).CRC press.ISBN 0849304814.{{cite book}}:|author=has generic name (help)
↑Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron".High Temp. Sci.5(5): 349–57.{{cite journal}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑^6.0^6.1"Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements".National Institute of Standards and Technology.Retrieved2008-09-21.
↑Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method".Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters.146(3): 177.doi:10.1007/BF02165219.

Galeriya sa hulagway

[Lussac-1] Gay Lussac, J.L. and Thenard, L.J. (1808)"Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique,"Annales de chimie[later: Annales de chemie et de physique], vol. 68, pp. 169–174.

[Davy-2] Davy H (1809)."An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory".Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.99:33–104.

[v1-3] Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995)."Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF"(PDF).J. Molecular Spectroscopy.170:82.Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z.doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.{{cite journal}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[magnet-4] Lide, David R. (ed.) (2000).Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics(PDF).CRC press.ISBN 0849304814.{{cite book}}:|author=has generic name (help)

[5] Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron".High Temp. Sci.5(5): 349–57.{{cite journal}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[NISTic-6] 6.0^6.1"Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements".National Institute of Standards and Technology.Retrieved2008-09-21.

[7] Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method".Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters.146(3): 177.doi:10.1007/BF02165219.

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