Nodyn:Cite web
Thistemplateis used to cite online sources in Wikipedia articles.{{Cite news}}can also be used when citing a news source; for general information about citations in Wikipedia articles, seeWikipedia:Cite sources.A general discussion of the use of templates for adding citations to Wikipedia articles is available atWikipedia:Citation templates.
Usage
Common forms with authors in any format
Citations within a page should use consistent formats. However, there is no consensus about which format is best. The following examples are for citations where one or more authors are listed in a single|author=authors
parameter, using any format. Also shown below are two separate date formats that are commonly used in Wikipedia:
- Day Month Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=22 Awst 2024}}
- Month Day, Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=Awst 22, 2024}}
Common forms with last1, first1; last2, first2
The examples hereafter will suffice for up to two authors each with first and last names; for more, just create more parameters in a similar style:
- Day Month Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=22 Awst 2024}}
- Month Day, Year
{{cite web |url= |title= |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=Awst 22, 2024}}
All parameters
When copying all parameters in either the vertical or horizontal layouts, delete those which are not needed. None of the parameters should be capitalised, or the template will not work as intended. For example, use "url", "title", etc. - not "URL", "Title", etc.
- All parameters, horizontal layout
{{cite web |url= |title= |first= |last= |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |month= |year= |work= |publisher= |location= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans_title= |format= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |doi= |doibroken= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |osti= |pmc = |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |deadurl= |accessdate= |quote= |ref= |separator= |postscript=}}
- All parameters, vertical layout
All parameters, vertical layout |
Common parameters, vertical layout, multiple authors |
Common parameters, vertical layout, single author |
---|---|---|
{{cite web | url = | title = | first = | last = | author = | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = | month = | year = | work = | publisher = | location = | page = | pages = | at = | language = | trans_title = | format = | arxiv = | asin = | bibcode = | doi = | doibroken = | isbn = | issn = | jfm = | jstor = | lccn = | mr = | oclc = | ol = | osti = | pmc = | pmid = | rfc = | ssrn = | zbl = | id = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | deadurl = | accessdate = | quote = | ref = | separator = | postscript = }} |
{{cite web | url = | title = | last1 = | first1 = | last2 = | first2 = | date = | work = | publisher = | accessdate = }} |
{{cite web | url = | title = | author = | date = | work = | publisher = | accessdate = }} |
Examples
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}
- Doe, John (30 April 2005)."My Favorite Things, Part II".Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}
- Doe, John (30 April 2005)."My Favorite Things, Part II".Encyclopedia of Things.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|date=30 April 2005
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}
- Doe, John (30 April 2005)."My Favorite Things, Part II".Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}
- Doe, John."My Favorite Things, Part II".Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}
- "My Favorite Things, Part II".Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
{{cite web
|url=http:// nfl /rulebook/digestofrules
|title=Digest of Rules
|publisher=National Football League
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}
- "Digest of Rules".National Football League.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
- Using format
{{cite web
|url=http:// incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|publisher=International Narcotics Control Board
|format=PDF
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}
- "List of psychotropic substances under international control"(PDF).International Narcotics Control Board.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
- Foreign language and translated title
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=Honni soit qui mal y pense
|author=Joliet, François
|date=30 April 2005
|accessdate=6 July 2005
|language=French
|trans_title=Shame on those who think evil
}}
- Joliet, François (30 April 2005)."Honni soit qui mal y pense"(yn French).Cyrchwyd6 July2005.Unknown parameter
|trans_title=
ignored (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- Using authorlink
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=My Favorite Things, Part II
|author=Doe, John
|authorlink=John Doe
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=6 July 2005
}}
- Doe, John(30 April 2005)."My Favorite Things, Part II".Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
- Using coauthors
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=Our Favorite Things
|first=John
|last=Doe
|coauthors=Smith, Peter; Smythe, Jim
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}
- Doe, John (30 April 2005)."Our Favorite Things".Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing.Cyrchwyd16 May2006.Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help)
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=Our Favorite Things
|first=John
|last=Doe
|coauthors=Peter Smith; Jim Smythe
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}
- Doe, John (30 April 2005)."Our Favorite Things".Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing.Cyrchwyd16 May2006.Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help)
- No author
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|publisher=Open Publishing
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=16 May 2006
}}
- "Index of Sharp Things".Encyclopedia of Things.Open Publishing. 30 April 2005.Cyrchwyd16 May2006.
- No author, no publisher
This abbreviated format should only be used when the editor cannot determine the publisher and author.
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=30 April 2005
|work=Encyclopedia of Things
|accessdate=6 July 2005}}
- "Index of Sharp Things".Encyclopedia of Things.30 April 2005.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
{{cite web
|url=http:// example.org/
|title=Index of Sharp Things
|date=30 April 2005
|accessdate=6 July 2005}}
- "Index of Sharp Things".30 April 2005.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
{{cite web
|url=http:// incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=30 April 2005
|format=PDF
|accessdate=6 July 2005
|language=Greek
}}
- "List of psychotropic substances under international control"(PDF)(yn Greek). 30 April 2005.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- Using "archiveurl" and "archivedate" (and optionally "deadurl" ) for webpages that have been archived
{{cite web
|url=http:// incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|title=List of psychotropic substances under international control
|date=30 April 2005
|format=PDF
|accessdate=6 July 2005
|archiveurl=http:// archive.org/2005-09-11/ incb.org/pdf/e/list/green.pdf
|archivedate=11 September 2005
}}
- "List of psychotropic substances under international control"(PDF).30 April 2005. Archifwyd o'rgwreiddiol(PDF)ar 11 September 2005.Cyrchwyd6 July2005.
{{cite web
|url=http://joanjettbadrep /cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi?archive=currnews&story=20060405-01shore.htm
|title=Interview with Maggie Downs
|date=31 March 2006
|publisher=The Desert Sun
|archiveurl=http://72.14.207.104/search?q=cache:JAxf4v-pQmgJ:joanjettbadrep /cgi-bin/fullStory.cgi%3Farchive%3Dcurrnews%26story%3D20060405-01shore.htm
|archivedate=26 April 2006
|deadurl=no
}}
- "Interview with Maggie Downs".The Desert Sun. 31 March 2006. Archifwyd o'rgwreiddiolar 26 April 2006.Unknown parameter
|deadurl=
ignored (help)
{{Cite web
|url=http:// wunderground /global/stations/03772.html
|title=London, United Kingdom Forecast: Weather Underground (weather and elevation at Heathrow Airport)
|publisher=The Weather Underground, Inc.
|accessdate=6 June 2008
|ref=harv
| archiveurl=http:// webcitation.org/5yo0HaAk7 |archivedate=19 May 2011| deadurl=no
}}
- "London, United Kingdom Forecast: Weather Underground (weather and elevation at Heathrow Airport)".The Weather Underground, Inc. Archifwyd o'rgwreiddiolar 19 May 2011.Cyrchwyd6 June2008.Unknown parameter
|deadurl=
ignored (help)CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Using "quote"
{{cite web
|url=http:// webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html
|title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea
|work=WebExhibits
|year=2008
|accessdate=27 September 2009
|quote=... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins...'
}}
- "Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea".WebExhibits.2008.Cyrchwyd27 September2009.
... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins...'
Parameters
Syntax
Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
- parent
- OR:parent2—may be used instead ofparent
- child—may be used withparent(and is ignored ifparentis not used)
- OR:child2—may be used instead ofchild(and is ignored ifparent2is not used)
- Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.
This template embedsCOinSmetadata in the HTML output, allowingreference management softwareto retrieve bibliographic metadata; seeWikipedia:COinS.
- Be careful using templates within the citation template, as many will add a lot of extraneous HTML or CSS that will be rendered in the meta-data.
- Known templates that should not be used:{{smallcaps}}.
By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.); this can be an issue when the last field in an abbreviation or initial with a period, as two periods then display. The only solution is to not include the last period in the value for the set of fields.
Description
- title:Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article orurlmay be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes.
- trans_title:English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets aftertitle;ifurlis defined, thentrans_titleis included in the link. Use of thelanguageparameter is recommended.
- Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.
newline | [ | ] | | |
---|---|---|---|
space | [ | ] | | |
- This parameter is required and will generate an error if not defined. On errors, main, help and template pages are placed intoCategori:Nodyn.Set
|template doc demo=true
to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.
Nodyn:Citation Style documentation/work
- url:URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. Cannot be used iftitleis wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Do not link to any commercial booksellers such as Amazon; seeWP:PAGELINKS.
- accessdate:Full date when URL was accessed; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations;[1]do not wikilink. Can behiddenby registered editors.
- archiveurl:The URL of anarchivedcopy of a web page, if or in case the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services likeWebCiteand theInternet Archive;requiresarchivedate.
- archivedate:Date when the item was archived; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations;[1]do not wikilink. Displays preceded by "archived from the original on".
- deadurl:When the URL is still live, but preemptively archived, then set
|deadurl=no
.This changes the display order with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end.
- template doc demo:The archive parameters have error checking to ensure that all the required parameters are included, else{{citation error}}is invoked. On errors, main, help and template pages are placed intoCategory:Articles with incorrect citation syntax.Set
|template doc demo=true
to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated.
- format:Format of the work referred to byurl;examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; HTML is implied and should not be specified; displayed in parentheses aftertitle.Does not changeexternal link icon.
- URLs must begin with a supportedURI scheme:
http://
andhttps://
will be supported by all browsers;irc://
,ircs://
,ftp://
,news:
,mailto:
andgopher://
will require a plugin or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported. - If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters they will display and link incorrectly. Those characters need to bepercent-encoded.For example, a space must be replaced by
%20
.To encode the URL, replace these characters:
sp | " | ' | < | > | [ | ] | | | } |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
%20 | %22 | %27 | %3c | %3e | %5b | %5d | %7c | %7d |
- Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; but unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; but an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.
- ↑1.01.1Access and archive dates in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. SeeMOS:DATEUNIFY.
- last:Surname of author. Do not wikilink—useauthorlinkinstead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply uselastto include the same format as the source.
- first:Given or first names of author, including title(s); for example:Firstname MiddlenameorFirstname M.orDr. Firstname M., Sr.Do not wikilink—useauthorlinkinstead.
- OR: for multiple authors, usefirst1,last1throughfirst9,last9for up to nine authors. By default, if nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and "et al." will show in place of the last author.
- authorlink:Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink.
- OR: for multiple authors, useauthorlink1throughauthorlink9.
- Aliases:last,last1,author,authors;last1,author1throughlast9,author9
- When usingShortened footnotesorParenthetical referencingstyles with templates, do not use multiple names in one parameter else the anchor will not match the inline link.
Nodyn:Citation Style documentation/others
- editor-last:Surname of editor. Do not wikilink—useeditor-linkinstead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply useeditor-lastto include the same format as the source. Aliases:editor1-last,editor,editors.
- editor-first:Given or first names of editor, including title(s); example:Firstname MiddlenameorFirstname M.orDr. Firstname M., Sr.Do not wikilink—useeditor-linkinstead. Aliases:editor1-first.
- OR: for multiple editors, useeditor1-last,editor1-firstthrougheditor4-last,editor4-firstfor up to four editors.
- editor-link:Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:editor1-link.
- OR: for multiple editors, useeditor1-linkthrougheditor4-link.
- Display:
- If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.
- If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."; more than three editors will be followed by "et al., eds."
- date:Full date of source being referenced in the same format as other publication dates in the citations.[1]Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.
- OR:year:Year of source being referenced.
- month:Name of the month of publication. If you also have the day, usedateinstead; do not wikilink.
- origyear:Original publication year; displays after the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics; example:
|origyear=First published 1859
or|origyear=Composed 1904
.
- ↑Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. SeeMOS:DATEUNIFY.
- language:The language the source is written in, if not English. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name. Use the full language name; do not use icons or templates.
- seriesorversion:When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted.
- publisher:Name of publisher; may be wikilinked if relevant. Not normally included for periodicals. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc" or "GmbH" are not usually included. Displays aftertitle;ifworkis defined, thenpublisherandlocationare enclosed in parentheses.
- location:Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the location; examples:The Boston Globe,The Times of India.Displays precedingpublisher.
- publication-date:Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only ifyearordateare defined and only if different, elsepublication-dateis used and displayed asdate.Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Followspublisher;ifworkis not defined, thenpublication-dateis preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.
- id:Aunique identifier,used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable.
- arxiv:ArXiv.
- asin:Amazon Standard Identification Number.
- asin-tld:ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
co.jp
,co.uk
,ca
,cn
,fr
,de
,it
,es
- asin-tld:ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:
- bibcode:Bibcode;used by a number of astronomical data systems; example:1924MNRAS..84..308E.
- doi:Digital object identifier;example:10.1038/news070508-7;checked to ensure it begins with
10.
;if not an error shows and the page is placed inCategory:Pages with DOI errors.- doi_brokendate:Date the DOI is broken; use the same format as other dates in the article.
- isbn:International Standard Book Numbersuch as978-0812695939;seeWikipedia:ISBNandISBN.Dashes in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the 13-digit ISBN where possible; this can normally be found beneath the barcode as a number beginning 978 or 979. For sources with the older 9 digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thusSBN 812695-93-3should be entered as
|isbn=0812695-93-3
. - issn:International Standard Serial Number;eight characters may be split into two groups of four using ahyphen,but not anN-dashor a space.
- jfm:Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik.
- jstor:JSTORabstract.
- lccn:Library of Congress Control Number.
- mr:Mathematical Reviews.
- oclc:Online Computer Library Center.
- ol:Open Library.
- osti:Office of Scientific and Technical Information.
- pmc:PubMed Centralarticle number for full-text free repository of an article.
- pmid:PubMedUnique Identifier.
- rfc:Request for Comments.
- ssrn:Social Science Research Network.
- zbl:Zentralblatt MATH.
- page:Page in the source that supports the content. Displays preceded with
p.
unless|nopp=y
. - OR:pages:Pages in the source that supports the content; separate page ranges with an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded with
pp.
unless|nopp=y
.- nopp:Set toyto suppress the
p.
orpp.
notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where|page=Front cover
.
- nopp:Set toyto suppress the
- OR:at:For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by
|page=
or|pages=
.
- Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.
- quote:Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote needs to include terminating punctuation.
- ref:the citation's HTML anchor identifier. When set,
|ref=ID
generates an anchor with the givenID(theid
attribute in the citation's<cite id= "ID">
HTML tag). Setting|ref=ID
identifies the template as a target and allowswikilinking to full references,especially useful with short-form citations likeshortened notesandparenthetical referencing.The special value|ref=harv
generates an anchor identifier suitable for use with{{sfn}}and{{harv}}templates. When|mode=cs2
defaults to|ref=harv
.SeeTemplate:Citation/doc § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates.
- laysummary:URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary".
- laysource:Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash.
- laydate:Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses.
- author-mask:Replaces the name of the first author withem dashesor text. Setauthor-maskto a numeric value to set the dash in em spaces; setauthor-maskto a text value to display a word instead; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use in bibliographies for some styles where multiple works by a single author are listed. Do not use in a list generated by{{reflist}},
<references />
or similar as there is no control as to the order that references will display. - author-name-separator:Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space (, ); if the parameter is present, but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.
- author-separator:Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space (; ); if the parameter is present, but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.
- display-authors:By default, the number of authors displayed is limited to 8; if 9 are provided, the ninth is displayed as "et al." This parameter allows display of fewer authors before the "et al."; for example, use
|display-authors=2
for only two authors. The "et al." may be suppressed altogether by setting|display-authors=9
. - lastauthoramp:When set to any value, changes the separator to use between the last two names in lists of authors to an ampersand (&); defaults to a semicolon and space (; ), elseauthor-separatorif set.
- postscript:The closing punctuation for the citation; defaults to a period (.); if the parameter is present, but blank, no terminating punctuation will be used. Ignored ifquoteis defined.
- separator:The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to a period (.); if the parameter is present but blank, no separator punctuation will be used; do not use an asterisk (*), colon (:) or hash (#) as they will be interpreted as wikimarkup.
This template producesCOinSmetadata; seeCOinS in Wikipediafor background information.
Mae'n fformatio'r cyfeiriad i wefan gan ddefnyddio'r wybodaeth a ddarperir ee URL a theitl. Dylid ei defnyddio ar gyfer ffynonellau pan na ellir defnyddio Nodion eraill ee llyfr, cylchgrawn, newyddion ayb.
Paramedr | Disgrifiad | Math | Statws | |
---|---|---|---|---|
URL | url URL | The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the protocol relative scheme "//..."
| Llinyn | angenrheidiol |
Teitl | title | The title of the source page on the website; will display with quotation marks added. Usually found at the top of you web browser. Not the name of the website. | Llinyn | angenrheidiol |
Source date | date | Full date when the source was published; if unknown, use access-date instead; do not wikilink | Dyddiad | suggested |
URL access date | access-date accessdate | The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink | Dyddiad | suggested |
Gwefan | website work | Name of the website; may be wikilinked; will display in italics. Having both 'Publisher' and 'Website' is redundant in most cases
| Llinyn | suggested |
Publisher | publisher | Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked. Having both 'Publisher' and 'Website' is redundant in most cases.
| Llinyn | dewisol |
Cyfenw | last last1 author author1 author1-last author-last surname1 author-last1 subject1 surname author-last subject | The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | Llinell | suggested |
Enw cyntaf | first given author-first first1 given1 author-first1 author1-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | Llinell | suggested |
Author link | authorlink author-link subjectlink subject-link authorlink1 author-link1 author1-link subjectlink1 author1link subject-link1 subject1-link subject1link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors | Page name | dewisol |
Last name 2 | last2 author2 | The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'. | Llinell | dewisol |
First name 2 | first2 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Author link 2 | authorlink2 author2-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author. | Page name | dewisol |
Year of publication | year | Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known | Llinyn | dewisol |
Original year | origyear | Original year of publication; provide specifics | Llinyn | dewisol |
Editor last name | editor-last editor1-last editor editors | The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name | editor-first editor1-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first' | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor link | editor-link editor1-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors | Page name | dewisol |
Series identifier | series | Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal | Llinyn | dewisol |
Location of publication | location | Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place' | Llinyn | dewisol |
Publication date | publication-date | Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink | Llinyn | dewisol |
Page | page | Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.' | Llinyn | dewisol |
Pages | pages | Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.' | Llinyn | dewisol |
No pp | nopp | Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover') | Llinyn | dewisol |
At | at | May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient | Llinyn | dewisol |
Language | language | The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates | Llinyn | dewisol |
Translated title | trans-title trans_title | An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended | Llinyn | dewisol |
Format | format | Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML | Llinyn | dewisol |
arXiv identifier | arxiv | An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers | Llinyn | dewisol |
ASIN | asin | Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters | Llinyn | dewisol |
ASIN TLD | asin-tld | ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US | Llinyn | dewisol |
Bibcode | bibcode | Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters | Llinyn | dewisol |
DOI | doi | Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.' | Llinyn | dewisol |
DOI broken date | doi-broken-date | The date that the DOI was determined to be broken | Llinyn | dewisol |
ISBN | isbn | International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible | Llinyn | dewisol |
ISSN | issn | International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen | Llinyn | dewisol |
jfm code | jfm | Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code | Llinyn | dewisol |
JSTOR | jstor | JSTOR identifier | Llinyn | dewisol |
LCCN | lccn | Library of Congress Control Number | Llinyn | dewisol |
MR | mr | Mathematical Reviews identifier | Llinyn | dewisol |
OCLC | oclc | Online Computer Library Center number | Llinyn | dewisol |
OL | ol | Open Library identifier | Llinyn | dewisol |
OSTI | osti | Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier | Llinyn | dewisol |
PMC | pmc | PubMed Center article number | Llinyn | dewisol |
PMID | pmid | PubMed Unique Identifier | Llinyn | dewisol |
RFC | rfc | Request for Comments number | Llinyn | dewisol |
SSRN | ssrn | Social Science Research Network | Llinyn | dewisol |
Zbl | zbl | Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier | Llinyn | dewisol |
id | id | A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable | Llinyn | dewisol |
Archive URL | archiveurl | The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date' | Llinyn | suggested |
Archive date | archivedate | Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink | Llinyn | suggested |
Dead URL | deadurl | If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live | Llinyn | suggested |
Quote | quote | Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation | Llinyn | dewisol |
Ref | ref | An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv template | Llinyn | dewisol |
Separator | separator | The punctuation used to separate lists of authors, editors, etc.; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| Llinyn | dewisol |
Postscript | postscript | The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined
| Llinyn | dewisol |
Lay source | laysource | Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash | Llinyn | dewisol |
Lay date | laydate | Date of the summary; displays in parentheses | Llinyn | dewisol |
Author mask | author-mask | Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead | Llinyn | dewisol |
Last name 3 | last3 author3 | The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'. | Llinell | dewisol |
First name 3 | first3 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Author link 3 | authorlink3 author3-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author. | Page name | dewisol |
Last name 4 | last4 author4 | The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'. | Llinell | dewisol |
First name 4 | first4 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Author link 4 | authorlink4 author4-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author. | Page name | dewisol |
Last name 5 | last5 author5 | The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'. | Llinell | dewisol |
First name 5 | first5 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Author link 5 | authorlink5 author5-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author. | Page name | dewisol |
Last name 6 | last6 author6 | The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'. | Llinell | dewisol |
First name 6 | first6 author6-link | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Author link 6 | authorlink6 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author. | Page name | dewisol |
Last name 7 | last7 author7 | The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'. | Llinell | dewisol |
First name 7 | first7 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Author link 7 | authorlink7 author7-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author. | Page name | dewisol |
Last name 8 | last8 author8 | The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'. | Llinell | dewisol |
First name 8 | first8 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Author link 8 | authorlink8 author8-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author. | Page name | dewisol |
Last name 9 | last9 author9 | The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author. | Llinell | dewisol |
First name 9 | first9 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Author link 9 | authorlink9 author9-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author. | Page name | dewisol |
Author name separator | author-name-separator | Changes the separator between last and first names; defaults to a comma and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| Llinyn | dewisol |
Author separator | author-separator | Changes the separator between authors; defaults to a semicolon and space; a space must be encoded as   do not use an asterisk, colon, or hash mark
| Llinyn | dewisol |
Display authors | display-authors displayauthors | Number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used; default is to do so after 8 of 9 are listed.
| Rhif | dewisol |
Last author ampersand | lastauthoramp | When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space' | Llinyn | dewisol |
Editor last name 2 | editor2-last editor2 | The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name 2 | editor2-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor last name 3 | editor3-last editor3 | The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name 3 | editor3-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor last name 4 | editor4-last editor4 | The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name 4 | editor4-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor last name 5 | editor5-last editor5 | The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name 5 | editor5-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor last name 6 | editor6-last editor6 | The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name 6 | editor6-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor last name 7 | editor7-last editor7 | The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name 7 | editor7-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor last name 8 | editor8-last editor8 | The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name 8 | editor8-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor last name 9 | editor9-last editor9 | The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor first name 9 | editor9-first | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink. | Llinell | dewisol |
Editor link 2 | editor2-link editor2link editorlink2 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor. | Page name | dewisol |
Editor link 3 | editor3-link editor3link editorlink3 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor. | Page name | dewisol |
Editor link 4 | editor4-link editor4link editorlink4 | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor. | Page name | dewisol |
Mae'rddogfennaethuchod wedi eithrawsgynnwysoNodyn:Cite web/doc.(golygu|hanes) Gall golygyddion arbrofi yn y tudalennau pwll tywod(creu|drych)a testcases(creu). Os gwelwch yn dda, ychwanegwch gategorïau a rhyngwicis at yr is-dudalen/doc.Is-dudalennau'r nodyn hwn. |