Linux post-installation steps for Docker Engine

These optional post-installation procedures describe how to configure your Linux host machine to work better with Docker.

Manage Docker as a non-root user

The Docker daemon binds to a Unix socket, not a TCP port. By default it's the rootuser that owns the Unix socket, and other users can only access it using sudo.The Docker daemon always runs as therootuser.

If you don't want to preface thedockercommand withsudo,create a Unix group calleddockerand add users to it. When the Docker daemon starts, it creates a Unix socket accessible by members of thedockergroup. On some Linux distributions, the system automatically creates this group when installing Docker Engine using a package manager. In that case, there is no need for you to manually create the group.

Warning

Thedockergroup grants root-level privileges to the user. For details on how this impacts security in your system, see Docker Daemon Attack Surface.

Note

To run Docker without root privileges, see Run the Docker daemon as a non-root user (Rootless mode).

To create thedockergroup and add your user:

1. Create thedockergroup.

   ]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000); ">

   $sudo groupadd docker
   

2. Add your user to thedockergroup.

   ]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000); ">

   $sudo usermod -aG docker$USER
   

3. Log out and log back in so that your group membership is re-evaluated.

   If you're running Linux in a virtual machine, it may be necessary to restart the virtual machine for changes to take effect.

   You can also run the following command to activate the changes to groups:

   ]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000); ">

   $newgrp docker
   

4. Verify that you can rundockercommands withoutsudo.

   ]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000); ">

   $docker run hello-world
   

   This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a message and exits.

   If you initially ran Docker CLI commands usingsudobefore adding your user to thedockergroup, you may see the following error:

   ]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000); ">

   WARNING: Error loading config file: /home/user/.docker/config.json -
   stat /home/user/.docker/config.json: permission denied

   This error indicates that the permission settings for the~/.docker/ directory are incorrect, due to having used thesudocommand earlier.

   To fix this problem, either remove the~/.docker/directory (it's recreated automatically, but any custom settings are lost), or change its ownership and permissions using the following commands:

   ]\s+/gm, '')); copying = true; setTimeout(() => copying = false, 2000); ">

   $sudo chown"$USER":"$USER"/home/"$USER"/.docker -R
   $sudo chmod g+rwx"$HOME/.docker "-R
   

Configure Docker to start on boot with systemd

Many modern Linux distributions use systemdto manage which services start when the system boots. On Debian and Ubuntu, the Docker service starts on boot by default. To automatically start Docker and containerd on boot for other Linux distributions using systemd, run the following commands:

$sudo systemctlenabledocker.service
$sudo systemctlenablecontainerd.service

To stop this behavior, usedisableinstead.

$sudo systemctl disable docker.service
$sudo systemctl disable containerd.service

You can use systemd unit files to configure the Docker service on startup, for example to add an HTTP proxy, set a different directory or partition for the Docker runtime files, or other customizations. For an example, see Configure the daemon to use a proxy.

Configure default logging driver

Docker provides logging driversfor collecting and viewing log data from all containers running on a host. The default logging driver,json-file,writes log data to JSON-formatted files on the host filesystem. Over time, these log files expand in size, leading to potential exhaustion of disk resources.

To avoid issues with overusing disk for log data, consider one of the following options:

• Configure thejson-filelogging driver to turn on log rotation.
• Use an alternative logging driver such as the "local" logging driver that performs log rotation by default.
• Use a logging driver that sends logs to a remote logging aggregator.

Next steps

• Take a look at the Docker workshopto learn how to build an image and run it as a containerized application.