AMY1A

Alpha-amylase1is anenzymethat in humans is encoded by theAMY1Agene.This gene is found in many organisms.

AMY1A
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search:PDBeRCSB List of PDB id codes 1C8Q,1JXJ,1JXK,1MFU,1MFV,1NM9,1Q4N,1SMD,1XV8,1Z32,3BLK,3BLP,3DHP
Identifiers
Aliases	AMY1A,AMY1, amylase, alpha 1A (salivary), amylase alpha 1A (salivary), amylase alpha 1A
External IDs	OMIM:104700;HomoloGene:133998;GeneCards:AMY1A;OMA:AMY1A - orthologs
EC number	3.2.1.1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) Band 1p21.1 Start 103,655,760bp End 103,664,554bp
RNA expressionpattern Bgee Human Mouse(ortholog) Top expressed in body of pancreas testicle right uterine tube gonad olfactory zone of nasal mucosa tonsil right lobe of thyroid gland placenta left lobe of thyroid gland salivary gland n/a More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding alpha-amylase activity hydrolase activity catalytic activity metal ion binding hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds cation binding Cellular component extracellular region extracellular exosome extracellular space Biological process digestion metabolism carbohydrate metabolic process Sources:Amigo/QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 276 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000237763 n/a UniProt P04745 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_004038 NM_001008221 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001008220 NP_001333709 NP_001008222 NP_004029 NP_001008219 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 103.66 – 103.66 Mb n/a PubMedsearch n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.

See also

• AMY2A
• Amylase § Evolution

External links

• HumanAMY1Agenome location andAMY1Agene details page in theUCSC Genome Browser.
• Overview of all the structural information available in thePDBforUniProt:P04745(Alpha-amylase 1) at thePDBe-KB.

Further reading

• Bank RA, Hettema EH, Arwert F, et al. (1991). "Electrophoretic characterization of posttranslational modifications of human parotid salivary alpha-amylase".Electrophoresis.12(1): 74–9.doi:10.1002/elps.1150120114.PMID1710976.S2CID27328712.
• Groot PC, Mager WH, Henriquez NV, et al. (1991). "Evolution of the human alpha-amylase multigene family through unequal, homologous, and inter- and intrachromosomal crossovers".Genomics.8(1): 97–105.doi:10.1016/0888-7543(90)90230-R.PMID2081604.
• Nishide T, Nakamura Y, Emi M, et al. (1986). "Primary structure of human salivary alpha-amylase gene".Gene.41(2–3): 299–304.doi:10.1016/0378-1119(86)90110-1.PMID2423416.
• Davis MM, Hodes ME, Munsick RA, et al. (1986). "Pancreatic amylase expression in human pancreatic development".Hybridoma.5(2): 137–45.doi:10.1089/hyb.1986.5.137.PMID2424823.
• Handy DE, Larsen SH, Karn RC, Hodes ME (1987). "Identification of a human salivary amylase gene. Partial sequence of genomic DNA suggests a mode of regulation different from that of mouse, Amy1".Mol. Biol. Med.4(3): 145–55.PMID2442579.
• Horii A, Emi M, Tomita N, et al. (1988). "Primary structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary alpha-amylase gene".Gene.60(1): 57–64.doi:10.1016/0378-1119(87)90213-7.hdl:11094/36665.PMID2450054.
• Gumucio DL, Wiebauer K, Caldwell RM, et al. (1988)."Concerted evolution of human amylase genes".Mol. Cell. Biol.8(3): 1197–205.doi:10.1128/MCB.8.3.1197.PMC363264.PMID2452973.
• Samuelson LC, Wiebauer K, Gumucio DL, Meisler MH (1988)."Expression of the human amylase genes: recent origin of a salivary amylase promoter from an actin pseudogene".Nucleic Acids Res.16(17): 8261–76.doi:10.1093/nar/16.17.8261.PMC338557.PMID2458567.
• Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC, et al. (1989). "The human alpha-amylase multigene family consists of haplotypes with variable numbers of genes".Genomics.5(1): 29–42.doi:10.1016/0888-7543(89)90083-9.PMID2788608.
• Pronk JC, Frants RR, Jansen W, et al. (1982). "Evidence of duplication of the human salivary amylase gene".Hum. Genet.60(1): 32–5.doi:10.1007/BF00281260.PMID6176528.S2CID37322144.
• Zabel BU, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, et al. (1984)."High-resolution chromosomal localization of human genes for amylase, proopiomelanocortin, somatostatin, and a DNA fragment (D3S1) by in situ hybridization".Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.80(22): 6932–6.doi:10.1073/pnas.80.22.6932.PMC390100.PMID6196780.
• Tricoli JV, Shows TB (1984). "Regional assignment of human amylase (AMY) to p22----p21 of chromosome 1".Somat. Cell Mol. Genet.10(2): 205–10.doi:10.1007/BF01534909.PMID6608795.S2CID21230969.
• Nishide T, Emi M, Nakamura Y, Matsubara K (1984). "Corrected sequences of cDNAs for human salivary and pancreatic alpha-amylases [corrected]".Gene.28(2): 263–70.doi:10.1016/0378-1119(84)90265-8.PMID6610603.
• Seyama K, Nukiwa T, Takahashi K, et al. (1994). "Amylase mRNA transcripts in normal tissues and neoplasms: the implication of different expressions of amylase isogenes".J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol.120(4): 213–20.doi:10.1007/BF01372559.PMID7507116.S2CID6897149.
• Ragunath C, Sundar K, Ramasubbu N (2002). "Expression, characterization, and biochemical properties of recombinant human salivary amylase".Protein Expr. Purif.24(2): 202–11.doi:10.1006/prep.2001.1559.PMID11858714.
• Hokari S, Miura K, Koyama I, et al. (2002). "A restriction endonuclease assay for expression of human alpha-amylase isozymes".Clin. Chim. Acta.322(1–2): 113–6.doi:10.1016/S0009-8981(02)00161-4.PMID12104089.
• Furusawa M, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H (2003)."AMY-1 interacts with S-AKAP84 and AKAP95 in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, respectively, and inhibits cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity by preventing binding of its catalytic subunit to A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) complex".J. Biol. Chem.277(52): 50885–92.doi:10.1074/jbc.M206387200.PMID12414807.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003)."Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences".Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.99(26): 16899–903.Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M.doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899.PMC139241.PMID12477932.
• Ramasubbu N, Ragunath C, Mishra PJ (2003). "Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase".J. Mol. Biol.325(5): 1061–76.doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01326-8.PMID12527308.
• Kandra L, Gyémánt G, Remenyik J, et al. (2003). "Subsite mapping of human salivary alpha-amylase and the mutant Y151M".FEBS Lett.544(1–3): 194–8.doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00495-2.PMID12782315.S2CID83561963.