"The Sixties", as they are known in both scholarship and popular culture, is a term used by historians, journalists, and other objective academics; in some cases nostalgically to describe thecountercultureand revolution in social norms about clothing, music, drugs, dress, formalities and schooling. Conservatives denounce the decade as one of irresponsible excess and flamboyance, and decay of social order. The decade was also labeled theSwinging Sixtiesbecause of the fall or relaxation of social taboos especially relating toracismandsexismthat occurred during this time.
The 1960s became synonymous with the new, radical, and subversive events and trends of the period. In Africa the 1960s was a period of radical political change as 32 countriesgained independence from their European colonial rulers.
Some commentators have seen in this era a classicalJungiannightmare cycle, where a rigid culture, unable to contain the demands for greaterindividual freedom,broke free of the social constraints of the previous age through extreme deviation from the norm.Christopher Bookercharts the rise, success, fall/nightmare and explosion in the London scene of the 1960s. However, this alone does not explain the mass nature of the phenomenon.
Several nations such as the U.S., France, Germany and Britain turned to theleftin the early and mid 1960s. In the United States,John F. Kennedy,aKeynesianand staunchanti-communist,pushed for social reforms. His assassination in 1963 was a stunning shock. Liberal reforms were finally passed underLyndon B. Johnsonincluding civil rights forAfrican Americansand healthcare forthe elderlyandthe poor.Despite his large-scaleGreat Societyprograms, Johnson was increasingly reviled by theNew Leftat home and abroad. The heavy-handed American role in theVietnam Waroutraged student protestors across the globe, as they found peasant rebellion typified byHo Chi MinhandChe Guevaramore appealing. Italy formed its first left-of-center government in March 1962 with a coalition ofChristian Democrats,Social Democrats,and moderateRepublicans.Socialistsjoined the ruling block in December 1963. In Britain, theLabour Partygained power in 1964. In Brazil,João Goulartbecame president afterJânio Quadrosresigned.
The1968 Illinois earthquake(a New Madrid event) was the largest recordedearthquakein the U.S.Midwesternstate ofIllinois.Striking at 11:02 a.m. on November 9, it measured 5.3 on theRichter scale.Although no fatalities occurred, the event caused considerable structural damage to buildings, including the toppling of chimneys and shaking inChicago,the region's largest city. The earthquake was one of the most widely felt in U.S. history, largely affecting 23 states over an area of 580,000 sq mi (1,500,000 km2). In studying its cause, scientists discovered theCottage Grove Faultin the SouthernIllinois Basin.
Within the region, millions felt the rupture. Reactions to the earthquake varied; some people near the epicenter did not react to the shaking, while others panicked. A future earthquake in the region is extremely likely; in 2005, seismologists and geologists estimated a 90% chance of a magnitude 6–7 tremor before 2055, likely originating in theWabash Valley seismic zoneon the Illinois–Indiana border or theNew Madrid fault zone.(Full article...)
Americanfolk singersJoan BaezandBob Dylan,performing a duet at theMarch on Washington for Jobs and FreedomonAugust 28,1963. Both were relatively new recording artists at the time, with Baez being at the forefront of Americanroots revivaland Dylan having just released hissecond album.Baez was especially influential in introducing audiences to Dylan's music by recording several of his early songs and inviting him onstage during her own concerts.
Born inLiverpool,McCartney taught himself piano, guitar, and songwriting as a teenager, having been influenced by his father, a jazz player, and rock and roll performers such asLittle RichardandBuddy Holly.He began his career when he joined Lennon'sskifflegroup,the Quarrymen,in 1957, which evolved into the Beatles in 1960. Sometimes called "the cute Beatle", McCartney later immersed himself in the Londonavant-gardescene and played a key role in incorporatingexperimentalaesthetics into the Beatles'studio productions.Starting with the 1967 albumSgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band,he gradually became the band'sde factoleader, providing creative impetus for most of their music and film projects. Many of his Beatles songs, including "And I Love Her","Yesterday","Eleanor Rigby",and"Blackbird",rank among the most covered songs in history. Although primarily a bassist with the Beatles, he played a number of other instruments, including keyboards, guitars, and drums, on various songs. (Full article...)
This is aGood article,an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.
Kubrickc. 1973–74
Stanley Kubrick(/ˈkuːbrɪk/;July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American film director, screenwriter, producer, and photographer. Widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers of all time,his filmswere nearly all adaptations of novels or short stories, spanning a number of genres and gaining recognition for their intense attention to detail, innovativecinematography,extensive set design, anddark humor.
Born and raised inNew York City,Kubrick was an average school student but displayed a keen interest in literature, photography, and film from a young age; he began to teach himself all aspects of film producing and directing after graduating from high school. After working as a photographer forLookmagazine in the late 1940s and early 1950s, he began making low-budgetshort filmsand made his first major Hollywood film,The Killing,forUnited Artistsin 1956. This was followed by two collaborations withKirk Douglas:theanti-warfilmPaths of Glory(1957) and thehistorical epicfilmSpartacus(1960). (Full article...)
William George Wyman(néPerks;born 24 October 1936) is an English musician who was the bass guitarist with the rock bandthe Rolling Stonesfrom 1962 to 1993. Wyman was part of the band's first stable lineup and performed on their first 19 albums. Since 1997, he has performed as the vocalist and bass guitarist forBill Wyman's Rhythm Kings.He was inducted to theRock and Roll Hall of Fameas a member of the Rolling Stones in 1989. Wyman briefly returned to recording with the Rolling Stones in 2023. (Full article...)
... that in the 1960sKléber Dupuycampaigned to rehabilitate the reputation ofPhilippe Pétain,against whose Vichy regime he had fought as a member of the French Resistance?
... that Indian women's hockey playerElvera Brittoand her sisters would stitch their own team uniforms while playing in the 1960s?
... thatMily Treviño-Sauceda,the co-founder of the first national grassroots women's farmworker organization in the United States, the National Alliance of Farmworker Women, was a child farmworker in the 1960s?
... thatRomy Golan's2021 bookFlashback, Eclipseis an exploration of Italian art of the 1960s that moved away from the art created underItalian fascism?
Consider becoming a member ofWikiProject The Beatles,a WikiProject that aims to expand and improve coverage of The Beatles on Wikipedia. Please feel free tojoin.
Commons
Wikibooks
Wikidata
Wikinews
Wikiquote
Wikisource
Wikiversity
Wiktionary
