Showboat

For other uses, seeShowboat (disambiguation).

Ashowboat,orshow boat,was a floatingtheaterthat traveled along the waterways of theUnited States,especially along theMississippiandOhiorivers, to bring culture and entertainment to the river frontiers.This special type ofriverboatwas designed to carry passengers rather than cargo, and they had to be pushed by a smallpusherortowboatattached to it.Showboats were rarely steam-powered because the steam engine had to be placed right in the auditorium for logistical reasons, therefore making it difficult to have a large theater.

The showboatMajesticwas pushed byAttaboy,its towboat orpusher.

History

TheShowboat Branson Bellewas onTable Rock Lake,Branson, Missouri.

Gilbert R. Spalding's showboatThe Floating Palacewas on theMississippi Riverin theGleason's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion(1853).

This poster is for a Bryant'sShow Boatlive production ofTess of the Storm CountryinFayette City, Pennsylvania.

During the American frontier era, populations of potential audiences were widely scattered about the area that is now the United States. Actors traveled to America from England, and theatre venues as well as touring companies were developed.Noah Ludlow,an early pioneer in travelling theater, purchased akeelboatin 1816 for $200 and named itNoah's Ark.Ludlow and 11 associates, together known as the American Theatrical Commonwealth Company, climbed aboard and traveled down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, stopping to perform whenever they could. It is not clear whether they ever performed on the boat, or just used the boat as a means of travel. If they did, in fact, perform on the boat (as is probable),then Ludlow's Noah's Ark would have been the first showboat.

British-born actor William Chapman, Sr. created the first deliberately-planned showboat, named theFloating TheaterinPittsburghin 1831.He and his family of nine, along with two other people, lived on this boat and performed plays with added music and dance at stops along the waterways. The price of admission was anywhere from a peck of fresh vegetables to 50 cents a person. After reaching New Orleans, they got rid of the boat and went back to Pittsburgh in a steamboat in order to tour down the river once again the following year.In 1836, the family was able to afford a new, fully equipped steam engine with a stage. In 1837, it was renamedSteamboat Theatre.

Many other showboats followed theFloating Theateronto the rivers in the following years, and some of them began to do other performances besides theater. One popular showboat during this period was theFloating Circus PalaceofGilbert R. Spaldingand Charles J. Rogers, built in 1851, that featured large-scale equestrian spectacles. By the middle of the nineteenth century, showboats could seat up to 3,400 and regularly featured wax museums and equestrian shows.

Showboats disappeared entirely with the onset of theAmerican Civil War,but began again in 1878. Upon their revival, they tended to focus onmelodramaandvaudeville.Major boats of this period included theNew Sensation,New Era,Water Queen,and thePrincess.New inventions such as the steamer tow and the steam calliope greatly increased both territory and audiences, andStephen Foster’ssongs added charm to their simple programs.

With the improvement of roads, the rise of the automobile, motion pictures, and the maturation of the river culture, the popularity of showboats again began to decline.In order to combat this development, they grew in size and became more colorful and elaborately designed in the 1900s. TheGolden Rodseated 1,400 persons; theCotton Blossom,theSunny South,and theNew Showboatwere floating theatre palaces.With theburlesquingof these programs throughout the 1930s to attract sophisticated audiences, showboats ceased to perform their original function.

The last showboat to travel the rivers in authentic pattern was theGolden Rodin 1943.The glory days of showboats are recalled by theMajestic,which is docked on theOhio RiverinDowntown Cincinnati.Until 2013, she served as a venue for regular performances.

In popular culture

In 1914, circus actors James Adams and his wife launched theJames Adams Floating Theatre,a showboat that would tour theChesapeake Bayand bring theatre to audiences inMaryland,Virginia,andNorth Carolina.In the process of writing her 1926 novelShow Boat,Edna Ferberstayed on board the James Adams Floating Theatre to gather research material on the showboat, a disappearing American pastime.This novel served as the inspiration for the award-winningKernandHammersteinBroadway hit,Show Boat(1927).

Since the box-office success ofMGM's1951 motion picture versionof the musicalShow Boat,in which the boat was inaccurately redesigned as a deluxe, self-propelledsteamboat,the image of a showboat as a large twin-stacked vessel with a hugepaddle wheelat the rear has taken hold in popular culture. Two earlier film versions ofShow Boatand most stage productions feature a historically accurate vessel, andEdna Ferber'snovel on which the musical is based gives a description of theCotton Blossomthat accurately reflects the design of a nineteenth-century showboat.

Slang

Based on the supposedly gaudy look of showboats, the term "showboat" became slang for someone who wants ostentatious behavior to be seen at all costs. This term is particularly applied in sports, where a showboat (or sometimes "showboater" ) will do something flashy before (or even instead of) actually achieving his or her goal. The word is also used as a verb. British television showSoccer AMhas a section named "Showboat", dedicated to flashy tricks from the past week's games.

Examples of showboating includeLeon Lett's grocery-bag-carrying of a recoveredfootball(which was then swatted out of his hand before the goal line) inSuper Bowl XXVII;Bill Shoemaker's standing in the saddle before the finish line of the 1957Kentucky Derby,costing him the win (some sources say he merely misjudged the finish line, with the jockey ahead of him not standing up then);Lindsey Jacobellis' grab of hersnowboardwhich caused her to crash right before the finish of theSnowboard Crossfinal at the2006 Winter Olympics,costing her a first-place finish and a gold medal (she got a silver medal instead);Usain Boltpumping his chest before winning the 100m final at2008 Summer Olympics,likely adding one or more tenths of a second to his world record time of 9.69 seconds; andMario Balotellimissing a shot on (soccer) goal when he unnecessarily tried it backheel. Showboating is likely to get this sort of attention when, as a result, the contestant doing it encounters a problem in the still-in-progress competition.

In boxing, showboating often takes the form of taunting, dropping one's gloves and daring an opponent to throw a punch, or engaging in other risky behaviors while the match is ongoing. Boxers well known for showboating style includeMuhammad Ali,Sugar Ray Leonard,Roy Jones Jr.,andFloyd Mayweather Jr.Anderson Silvais aUFCfighter.

See also

• Old Profanity Showboat
• Goldenrod Showboat