Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdomis an honorary office generally held by a seniorRoyal Navyadmiral.The title holder is the official deputy to theLord High Admiral,an honorary (although once operational) office which was vested in theSovereignfrom 1964 to 2011 and which was subsequently held bythe Duke of Edinburgh.Vice-Admirals are appointed by the Sovereign on the nomination of theFirst Sea Lord.
| Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom | |
|---|---|
Incumbent since 6 November 2022Vacant | |
| Appointer | Monarch |
| Formation | 25 April 1513 |
| First holder | William FitzWilliam, 1st Earl of Southampton |
| Deputy | Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom |
History
editThe office was originally created on 25 April 1513,[1]by Tudor KingHenry VIII.The office holder served as the deputy of the Lord High Admiral from April 1546 when the incumbent jointly held the title of Lieutenant of the Admiralty, though not always simultaneously.[1]From 1557 to 1558 Vice-Admiral SirJohn Clere of Ormesby,Kt. was appointed Vice-Admiral of England by patent but not appointed Lieutenant of the Admiralty.[1]The post was in abeyance until 1661; from then on, appointments became more regular and in 1672 the two separate distinct offices were amalgamated into one unified office, though both titles remained. The responsibilities of the pre-1964Board of Admiraltywould, in theory, have devolved upon the Vice-Admiral had the entire Board been incapacitated before a new Commission of Admiralty could pass theGreat Seal.However, such a contingency never occurred in practice.
In former days, theVice-Admiral of England(orVice-Admiral of Great Britainfollowing the 1707 union withScotland) was the second most powerful position in the Royal Navy, and until 1801 was officially called theLieutenant of the Admiralty.
Below the office of Vice-Admiral ranks theRear-Admiral of the United Kingdom,another now honorary office.
Vice-Admirals of England
edit- Vice-AdmiralWilliam FitzWilliam25 April 1513 – 1536[1]
- Post in abeyance
- Vice-Admiral SirThomas ClereApril 1546 – December 1552[1]
- Vice-Admiral SirWilliam Woodhouse,December 1552 – 1557[1]
- Vice-Admiral SirJohn Clere of Ormesby,Kt. 1557 – 1558[1]
- Post in abeyance
- Vice-AdmiralSir Richard LevesonApril 1604 - July 1605[1]
- Post in abeyance
- Vice-AdmiralSir Robert Mansel1618 – 1648[1]
- Post in abeyance
- Vice-AdmiralEdward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich1 April 1661 – 28 May 1672
- Vice-AdmiralPrince Rupert of the Rhine15 August 1672 – 19 November 1682
- Vice-AdmiralHenry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton2 December 1682 – 1689[2]
- Vice-AdmiralArthur Herbert, 1st Earl of Torrington14 September 1689 – 18 December 1690
- vacant?
- Vice-AdmiralEdward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford9 November 1693 –?
- Vice-AdmiralSir George Rooke1702 – 1 May 1707
Vice-Admirals of Great Britain
edit- Sir George Rooke1 May 1707 – 24 January 1709?
- James Berkeley, 3rd Earl of Berkeley21 March 1719N.S.– 17 August 1736
- Sir John NorrisApril 1739 – 14 June 1749[3]
- George Anson, 1st Baron Anson4 July 1749 – 6 June 1762[4]
- Henry Osborn4 January 1763 – 1765
- Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke5 November 1765 – 16 October 1781
- George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney6 November 1781 – 24 May 1792
- Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe9 June 1792 – March 1796[5]
- Alexander Hood, 1st Viscount BridportMarch 1796 – 1801
Vice-Admirals of the United Kingdom
edit- Alexander Hood, 1st Viscount Bridport1 January 1801 – 2 May 1814
- Sir William Cornwallis14 May 1814 – 5 July 1819[6]
- Sir William Young18 July 1819 – 25 October 1821[7]
- James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez21 November 1821 – 15 February 1832[8]
- Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth15 February 1832 – 23 January 1833[9]
- Sir Edward Thornbrough30 January 1833 – 3 April 1834[10]
- Sir George MartinApril 1834 – 9 November 1846[11]
- Sir Davidge Gould17 November 1846 – 23 April 1847[12]
- Sir Robert Stopford5 May 1847 – 25 June 1847[13]
- Sir George Martin10 July 1847 – 28 July 1847[14]
- Sir Thomas Byam Martin10 August 1847 – 21 October 1854[15]
- Sir William Hall Gage6 November 1854 – 20 May 1862[16]
- Sir Graham Hamond, 2nd Baronet5 June 1862 – 10 November 1862[17]
- Sir Francis William Austen11 December 1862 – 27 April 1863[18]
- Sir Thomas John Cochrane16 May 1863 – 12 September 1865[19]
- Sir George Francis Seymour23 September 1865 – 20 November 1866[20]
- Sir William Bowles26 November 1866 – 15 January 1869
- Sir George Rose Sartorius1 March 1869 – 3 July 1869[21]
- Sir Fairfax Moresby17 July 1869 – 21 January 1870[22]
- Sir Provo Wallis12 February 1870 – 15 January 1876[23]
- Sir Michael Seymour15 January 1876 – 23 February 1887[24]
1876:Abolished underQueen Victoria
1901:Revived byKing Edward VII
- Sir Michael Culme-Seymour, 3rd Baronet25 July 1901 – 1920[25]
- Sir Francis Bridgeman1920 – 17 February 1929
- Sir Stanley Cecil James Colville25 March 1929 – 13 February 1939[26]
- Sir Montague Edmund Browning13 February 1939 – 19 June 1945[27]
- Sir Martin Dunbar-Nasmith19 June 1945 – 12 October 1962[28]
- Sir John Hereward Edelsten12 October 1962 – 11 March 1966[29]
- Sir John Peter Lorne Reid11 March 1966 – 11 January 1973[30]
- Sir Deric Holland-Martin11 January 1973 – 12 April 1976[31]
- Sir Nigel Stuart Henderson12 April 1976 – 1 August 1979[32]
- Sir John Fitzroy Duyland Bush1 August 1979 – 1984[33]
- Sir William Donough O'Brien1984 – 13 November 1986
- Sir Leslie Derek Empson13 November 1986 – 29 October 1988[34]
- Sir Anthony Templer Frederick Griffith Griffin29 October 1988 – 24 November 1988[35]
- Sir Anthony Storrs Morton24 November 1988 – 17 January 1994[36]
- Sir James Henry Fuller Eberle17 January 1994 – 6 November 1997[37]
- Sir Nicholas John Streynsham Hunt6 November 1997 – 30 April 2001[38]
- Sir Jeremy Black30 April 2001 – 2005[39]
- Sir James Burnell-Nugent2005 – 2007[40]
- Sir Mark Stanhope2007 – 2009[40]
- Sir Trevor Soar2009 – 2012[40]
- Sir George ZambellasJanuary–April 2012[41]
- Sir Donald Gosling2 April 2012 – 16 September 2019[42]
- Michael Boyce, Baron Boyce6 December 2021 – 6 November 2022[43]
References
edit- ^abcdefghiBlomfield, R. Massie (January 1912). "Naval Executive Ranks".The Mariner's Mirror.2(4): 106–112.doi:10.1080/00253359.1912.10654589.
- ^Hannay, David; Tanner, J. R. (January 1912)."NOTES:Vice-Admiral of England".The Mariner's Mirror.2(6): 185–187.doi:10.1080/00253359.1912.10654608.
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- ^"No. 23587".The London Gazette.15 February 1870. p. 851.
- ^"No. 24285".The London Gazette.18 January 1876. p. 195.
- ^"No. 27338".The London Gazette.26 July 1901. p. 4950.
- ^"No. 33480".The London Gazette.26 March 1929. p. 2084.
- ^"No. 34599".The London Gazette.17 February 1939. p. 1136.
- ^"No. 37155".The London Gazette.29 June 1945. p. 3409.
- ^"No. 42812".The London Gazette.19 October 1962. p. 8161.
- ^"No. 43921".The London Gazette.11 March 1966. p. 2704.
- ^"No. 45879".The London Gazette(Supplement). 15 January 1973. p. 685.
- ^"No. 46876".The London Gazette.15 April 1976. p. 5575.
- ^"No. 47919".The London Gazette.3 August 1979. p. 9877.
- ^"No. 50721".The London Gazette.18 November 1986. p. 14834.
- ^"No. 51521".The London Gazette.3 November 1988. p. 12307.
- ^"No. 52352".The London Gazette.3 December 1990. p. 18646.
- ^"No. 53552".The London Gazette.20 January 1994. p. 847.
- ^"No. 54946".The London Gazette(Supplement). 12 November 1997. p. 12703.
- ^"No. 56194".The London Gazette.3 May 2001. p. 5329.
- ^abcWho's Who2010,A & C Black,2010,ISBN978-1-408-11414-8
- ^Navy's Long-Standing Benefactor Flies his Flag on VictoryArchived2 February 2014 at theWayback Machine
- ^"No. 60144".The London Gazette(Supplement). 15 May 2012. p. 9389.
- ^"No. 63647".The London Gazette(Supplement). 22 March 2022. p. 5318.