Wikipedia

1212

This article is about the year 1212. For other uses, see1212 (disambiguation).

Year1212(MCCXII) was aleap year starting on Sunday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1212 in variouscalendars
Gregorian calendar1212
MCCXII
Ab urbe condita1965
Armenian calendar661
ԹՎ ՈԿԱ
Assyrian calendar5962
Balinese saka calendar1133–1134
Bengali calendar619
Berber calendar2162
English Regnal year13Joh. 1– 14Joh. 1
Buddhist calendar1756
Burmese calendar574
Byzantine calendar6720–6721
Chinese calendarTân vịNiên (MetalGoat)
3909 or 3702
— to —
Nhâm thân niên (WaterMonkey)
3910 or 3703
Coptic calendar928–929
Discordian calendar2378
Ethiopian calendar1204–1205
Hebrew calendar4972–4973
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat1268–1269
-Shaka Samvat1133–1134
-Kali Yuga4312–4313
Holocene calendar11212
Igbo calendar212–213
Iranian calendar590–591
Islamic calendar608–609
Japanese calendarKenryaku2
( kiến lịch ２ niên )
Javanese calendar1120–1121
Julian calendar1212
MCCXII
Korean calendar3545
Minguo calendar700 beforeROC
Dân tiền 700 niên
Nanakshahi calendar−256
Thai solar calendar1754–1755
Tibetan calendarÂm kim dương niên
(female Iron-Goat)
1338 or 957 or 185
— to —
Dương thủy hầu niên
(male Water-Monkey)
1339 or 958 or 186
KingAlfonso VIII of Castile(left) in theBattle of Las Navas de Tolosa(1864)

Events

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By place

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England

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  • July 10– TheGreat Fire:The most severe of severalearly fires of Londonburns most of the city to the ground; over 3,000 people die, many of them by drowning in theRiver Thames.According to a contemporary account: "An awful fire broke out on theSouthwarkside ofLondon Bridge;while it was raging, a fire broke out at the other end also and so hemmed in the numerous crowds who had assembled to help the distressed. The sufferers, to avoid the flames, threw themselves over the bridge into boats and barges; but many of these sunk, the people crowding into them. ".[1]
  • KingJohn(Lackland) impounds the revenue of all prelates appointed by bishops, who have deserted him at his excommunication. He remains on good terms, however, with churchmen who stood by him, including Abbot Sampson, who this year bequeaths John his jewels.[2]

Europe

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  • Spring – After the fall ofArgosthe Crusaders complete their conquest of theMoreain southernGreece.The city, along withNauplia,is given toOtho de la Roche,a Burgundian nobleman, as a fief, along with an income of 400hyperpyronfromCorinth.[3]Meanwhile, the Venetians conquerCreteand evictEnrico Pescatore,a Genoese adventurer and pirate, active in theMediterranean.
  • July 16–Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa:The Christian forces of KingAlfonso VIII(the Noble) decisively defeat the Almohad army (some 30,000 men) led by CaliphMuhammad al-Nasir.The victory gives a further impulse to theReconquistabut this leaves theKingdom of Castilein a difficult financial position, as numerous soldiers have to be paid by the treasury.[4]
  • TheChildren's Crusadeis organized. There are probably two separate movements of young people, both led by shepherd boys, neither of which embark for theHoly Land– but both of which suffer considerable hardship.[5]
    • Early Spring – Nicholas leads a group from theRhinelandand crosses thealpsintoItaly.In August, he arrives with some 7,000 children inGenoa.Nicholas travels to thePapal Stateswhere he meets PopeInnocent III.
    • June – The 12-year-old Stephen of Cloyes leads a group acrossFrancetoVendôme.Attracting a following of over 30,000 adults and children. After arriving inMarseillesthe vast majority return home to their families.
  • TheTeutonic OrderbuildsBran Castle(orDietrichstein) in theBurzenland(modernRomania) as a fortified position at the entrance of a mountain pass through which traders can travel. The Teutonic Knights built another five castles, some of them made of stone. Their rapid expansion inHungarymakes the nobility and clergy, who are previously uninterested in those regions, jealous and suspicious.
  • December 9– The 18-year-oldFrederick IIis crownedKing of the GermansatMainz.Frederick's authority inGermanyremains tenuous, and he is recognized only in southern Germany. In the region of northern Germany, the center ofGuelphpower, his rivalOtto IVcontinues to hold the imperial power despite his excommunication.[6]

Asia

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  • Autumn –Genghis Khaninvades Jin territory and besiegesDatong.During the assault, he is wounded by an arrow in his knee and orders a withdrawal for rest and relaxation.[7]

By topic

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Literature

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Religion

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Births

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Deaths

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without date in the batavian republic 1212 Storm surge of 1212: A storm surge in the north of Holland claims approximately 60,000 deaths

References

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  1. ^"Fires, Great", inThe Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance,Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p26
  2. ^Warren, W. L. (1961).King John.Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 169–172.
  3. ^Fine, John Van Antwerp (1994).The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest,p. 90. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.ISBN0-472-08260-4.
  4. ^Linehan, Peter(1999). "Chapter 21: Castile, Portugal and Navarre". InDavid Abulafia(ed.).The New Cambridge Medieval History c.1198-c.1300.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 668–671.ISBN0-521-36289-X.
  5. ^Bridge, Antony (1980).The Crusades.London: Granada Publishing.ISBN0-531-09872-9.
  6. ^Toch, Michael (1999). "Welffs, Hohenstaufen and Habsburgs". In Abulafia, David; McKitterick, Rosamond (eds.).The New Cambridge Medieval History: c. 1198– c. 1300.Cambridge University Press. p. 381.
  7. ^Man, John (2011).Genghis Khan: Life, Death and Resurrection,p. 166.ISBN978-0-553-81498-9.
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