1330s

The1330swas a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1330, and ended on December 31, 1339.

Events

1330

January–December

• July 28–Battle of Velbazhd:TheBulgariansunder TsarMichael Shishman(who is mortally wounded) are beaten by theSerbs.Bulgaria does not lose any territory toSerbia,but is powerless to stop the Serbian advance towards the predominantly Bulgarian-populatedMacedonia.
• October 19– KingEdward III of Englandstarts his personal reign, arresting his regentRoger Mortimer,and having him executed.
• November 9–12–Battle of Posada:TheWallachians,underBasarab I,defeat theHungarians,though heavily outnumbered, thus making a firm statement towards the independence ofWallachia.
• December 6– TheBritish Islesare hit by a greatstorm,creating large areas ofsand dunesonAnglesey.
• Undated –Vilnius,Lithuaniareceives itscoat-of-arms,granted to the city in the seventh year of its existence.
• Undated –Ivan Alexanderbecomes thedespot of Lovech.

1331

September–December

• September 8–Stefan Dušandeclares himself king ofSerbia.
• September 27–Battle of Płowce:The GermanTeutonic Knightsand thePolesbattle to a draw.

Date unknown

• The Sieges ofCividale del FriuliandAlicantebegin.
• TheGenkō Warbegins in Japan.
• Ibn BattutavisitsKilwa.
• The first recorded outbreak of theBlack Deathoccurs, in the Chinese province of Hubei.

1332

• February 18–Amda Seyon I,Emperor of Ethiopia,begins his campaigns in the southern Muslim provinces (possibly in1329).
• August 10–11–Battle of Dupplin Moor:Edward Balliolrebels, and theEnglishdefeat the loyalists ofDavid IIinScotland.
• September– Edward Balliol crowns himselfKing of Scotland.
• November 7–Lucernejoins theSwiss ConfederationwithUri,Schwyz,andUnterwalden.
• December 16–Battle of Annan:The loyalists ofDavid IIdefeatEdward BalliolinScotland.
• The city ofMarosvásárhely(in Transylvania, todayTârgu MureșinRomania) is first documented in the papal registry, under the nameNovum Forum Siculorum.

1333

January–December

• May 18–Siege of KamakurainJapan:Forces loyal toEmperor Go-Daigo,led byNitta Yoshisada,enter and destroy the city, breaking the power of theHōjō clanover theKamakura shogunate.TheKamakura periodends, and theKenmu Restorationunder Go-Daigo begins.
• June 6–William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster,is murdered as part of theBurke Civil WarinIreland.
• June 8– KingEdward III of Englandseizes theIsle of Manfrom Scottish control.
• June 19–Ashikaga Takaujileads his army intoKyotoas part of the Kenmu Restoration.
• July 7– The reign ofEmperor KōgonofJapan,first of theNorthern Court(Ashikaga) Pretenders, ends.
• July 19–Wars of Scottish Independence-Battle of Halidon Hill:Edward III ofEnglanddecisively defeatsSir Archibald Douglas.Berwick-upon-Tweedreturns to English control.
• November 4– The RiverArnofloods, causing massive damage inFlorence,as recorded byGiovanni Villani.

Date unknown

• Afamine (lasting until 1337)breaks out inChina,killing six million.
• A great famine takes place in Southern Europe. It is known to historians ofCataloniaasLo mal any primer,"the First Bad Year" (equivalent to theGreat Famine of 1315–1317further north), an early notice of the catastrophes of the second half of this century.
• Jan IV of Dražic,Bishop of Prague,founds afriaryand builds a stone bridge atRoudniceinBohemia.
• TheKapellbrückewooden bridge over theReussinLucerne(Switzerland) is built; by the 20th century it will be the world's oldesttruss bridgeand Europe's oldestcovered bridge.
• The Venetian historianMarino Sanudo Torsellopublishes hisHistory of the realm of Romania(Istoria del regno di Romania), one of the most important sources on the history ofLatin Greece.

1334

January–December

• July 18– The bishop ofFlorenceblesses the first foundational stone laid for the newcampanile(bell tower) of theFlorence Cathedral(the tower was designed by the artistGiotto di Bondone).
• December 30–Pope Benedict XIIsucceedsPope John XXII,as the 197thpope.

Date unknown

• Autumn –Battle of Adramyttion:A Christian league defeats the fleet of the TurkishBeylik of Karasi.

1335

January–December

• May 2–Otto the Merry,Duke of Austria, becomes Duke ofCarinthia.
• July 30–Battle of Boroughmuir:John Randolph, 3rd Earl of MoraydefeatsGuy, Count of NamurinScotland.
• November 30–Battle of Culblean:David BrucedefeatsEdward Balliolin Scotland.
• December 1–Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khandies, a victim of the plague that ravages theIlkhanate.This is an early outbreak of theBlack Death.His death without a clear heir causes the Ilkhanate to disintegrate.
• October 22– Ex-emperor Hanazono (95th emperor of japan) becomes a Zen priest.

Date unknown

• Georgiansunder KingGeorge V(the Brilliant) finally defeat theMongoliansin a decisive battle. After that George V returns the Grave of Christ from theMuslims.
• Slaveryis abolished inSweden.
• Congress of Visegrád:The monarchs ofBohemia,Hungary,andPolandform an anti-Habsburgalliance.
• CarinthiaandCarniolacome underHabsburgrule. After the death of DukeHenry,the duchies are bestowed byLouis the Bavarianon theDukes of Austria.From that time onwards, what is todaySloveniais ruled jointly withAustriauntil1918.
• Pope Benedict XIIbegins to reform theCistercians.
• TheexcommunicationofFrederick III of Sicilyand theinterdictplaced onSicilyend.
• Construction begins on thepapalpalace inAvignon.
• Aabenraais chartered as a city.
• The School of Arts inZaragoza,Spainis founded (later known as theUniversity of Zaragozain the 16th Century).

1336

• February 25
  • Rather than be taken captive by theTeutonic Knights,4,000 defenders ofPilėnai,Lithuaniacommit mass suicide.
  • TheKenmu Restorationends and theMuromachi periodbegins inJapan;start of theNanboku-chō period.
• April 18(unconfirmed) – Brothers Harihara and Bukka Raya found theVijayanagara Empireon the southern part of theDeccan PlateauinSouth India.
• April 26– TheAscent of Mount Ventouxis made by theItalianpoetPetrarch:he claims to be the first sinceclassical antiquityto climb a mountain for the view.
• May 19– The governor ofBaghdad,Oirat'Ali Padsah, defeatsArpa Ke'unnearMaraga,contributing to the disintegration of theIlkhanate.
• July 4–Battle of Minatogawa:Ashikaga Takaujidefeats Japanese Imperial forces, underKusunoki MasashigeandNitta Yoshisada.
• July 21–22–Second War of Scottish Independence:Aberdeen,Scotland is burned by theEnglish.
• September 20– The reign ofEmperor Kōmyō,second of the Ashikaga Pretenders to theNorthern Courtof Japan, begins.

1337

January–December

• March 16–Edward, the Black Princeestablishes theDuchy of Cornwall,becoming the firstEnglishDuke.
• May 24–Philip VI of FranceconfiscatesGasconyfrom English control.
• August–Second War of Scottish Independence:English forces relieveStirling Castle,endingEdward III of England's last campaign in Scotland.
• October–Hundred Years' War:Edward III of Englandformally rejects Philip VI's claim to the French throne, initiating hostilities between France and England.
• November–Battle of Cadzand:English troops raid theFlemishisland ofCadzand.

Date unknown

• Bisham Prioryis founded inEngland.
• TheScaligeriFamily loses control ofPadua;Alberto della Scala,patron of themusic of the Trecento,moves toVerona.
• Petrarch,"father" ofRenaissance humanism,first visits Rome to wander its mysterious ruins, with an eye for aesthetics as well as for history, exciting a renewed interest inClassicalcivilisation.
• TheSofia Psalteris produced inBulgaria.
• TheDespotate of Epirusis conquered by theByzantine Empire.
• Thefamine in China,w.hich had lasted since1332and killed 6,000,000, comes to an end.

1338

• October 5–Hundred Years' War,English Channel naval campaign:Southamptonis destroyed.

Date unknown

• Hundred Years' War:Louis IV, Holy Roman EmperorappointsEdward III of Englandas a vicar-general of theHoly Roman Empire.Louis supports Edward's claim to the French throne, under the terms of the Treaty of Koblenz.
• Philip VI of FrancebesiegesGuiennein SouthwestFrance,and his navy attacksPortsmouth,England.
• Ashikaga Takaujiis granted the title ofshōgunby the emperor of Japan, starting theAshikaga Shogunate.
• Nicomediais captured by theOttoman Empire.
• ABlack Deathplague strain originates nearLake Issyk-Kulin modernKyrgyzstan,according toSyriactombstone inscriptions and genetic material from exhumed bodies.

1339

January–December

• June–Battle of Laupen:The Canton ofBerndefeats the forces ofFribourg.
• September 18–Emperor Go-Murakamiaccedes to the throne ofJapan.
• September 24(or 28)–Simone Boccanegrais elected, as the firstDoge of Genoa.

Date unknown

• Shams-ud-DinShah Mir,having defeatedKota Rani,Hinduqueen regnant ofKashmir,in battle at Jayapur (modern Sumbal), asks her to marry him, but she commits suicide rather than do so; thus he takes over sole rule of Kashmir, beginning theMuslimShah Mir Dynasty.
• Allstreetsin the city ofFlorencearepaved,the first European city in post-Roman times where this has happened.
• TheMoscow Kremlinis first referred to as akremlin.

Births

1330

• June 15–Edward, the Black Prince,son ofEdward III of England(d.1376)
• July 4–Ashikaga Yoshiakira,Japaneseshōgun(d.1367)
• October 25–Louis II of Flanders(d.1384)
• date unknown
  • Frans Ackerman,Flemish statesman (d.1387)
  • Euphemia of Sicily,princess regent of Sicily (d.1359)
  • Altichiero,Italian painter (d.1390)
  • Nicolas Flamel,French scribe and manuscript-seller, reputed alchemist (d.1417)
  • John Gower,English poet (d.1410)

1331

• February 16–Coluccio Salutati,Florentine political leader (d.1406)
• April 14–Jeanne-Marie de Maille,French Roman Catholic saint (b.1414)
• April 30–Gaston III, Count of Foix(d.1391)
• October 4–James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormonde(d.1382)
• date unknown
  • Hamidüddin Aksarayî,Ottoman teacher of Islam (d.1412)
  • Blanche d'Évreux,queen consort of France (d.1398)
  • Michael Palaiologos,Byzantine prince
• probable–Salvestro de' Medici,provost of Florence (d.1388)

1332

• May 27–Ibn Khaldun,North African Arab historian (d.1406)
• June 8–Cangrande II della Scala,Lord of Verona (d.1359)
• June 16–Isabella de Coucy,English princess, daughter of KingEdward III of England(d.1379or1382)
• June 18–John V Palaiologos,Byzantine Emperor(d.1391)
• October 10– KingCharles II of Navarre(d.1387)
• date unknown
  • Pero López de Ayala,Spanish soldier (d.1407)
  • Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster(d.1363)
  • Andrea Vanni,Italian painter (d. c.1414)
  • Hanna van Recklinghausen,Dutch banker
  • Xu Da,Chinese military leader (d.1385)
• Approximate
  • William Langland,English poet (d. c.1400)
  • Catherine of Vadstena,Swedish saint (d.1381)

1333

• date unknown
  • Kan'ami,Japanese Noh actor and writer (d.1384)
  • Helena Kantakouzene,empress consort of Byzantium (d.1396)
  • Mikhail II of Tver(d.1399)
  • Peter Parler,German architect (d.1399)
  • Carlo Zeno,Venetian admiral (d.1418)

1334

• January 4–Amadeus VI of Savoy(d.1383)
• January 13– KingHenry II of Castile(d.1379)
• May 25–Emperor Sukō(d.1398)
• August 30– KingPedro of Castile(d.1369)
• date unknown
  • KingJames I of Cyprus(d.1398)
  • Margaret Graham, Countess of Menteith,Scottish noble (d. c.1380)
  • Hayam Wuruk,Javaneseruler (d.1389)

1335

• May 24–Margaret of Bohemia, Queen of Hungary(d.1349)
• October 27–Yi Seong-gye,Korean founder of theJoseon Dynasty
• Gülçiçek Hatun,first wife of Ottoman SultanMurad I
• Marko Mrnjavčević,de jureSerbianking
• Milica,wife of PrinceLazar of Serbia(d.1405)
• Tiphaine Raguenel,Breton astrologer (d.1373)

1336

• April 9–Timur,founder of the Timurid Empire (d.1405)
• July 25–Albert I, Duke of Bavaria(d.1404)
• date unknown
  • Gao Qi,Chinese poet (d.1374)
  • Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev(died1406)
• probable
  • Stefan Uroš V,Emperor of the Serbs(d.1371)

1337

• February 25–Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg,Czech Duke of Luxembourg (d.1383)
• date unknown
  • Louis II, Duke of Bourbon(d.1410)
  • Jean Froissart,historian and courtier fromHainaut(d.1405)
  • Bianca of Savoy,lady consort of Milan (d.1387)
  • Chŏng Mong-ju,Goryeodiplomat and poet (d.1392)
  • Robert III of Scotland,second monarch from the House of Stewart to rule Scotland (d.1406)

1338

• January 13–Chŏng Mong-ju,Korean civil minister, diplomat and scholar (d. 1392)
• January 21–Charles V of France(d.1380)
• February 3–Joanna of Bourbon,queen consort of France (d.1378)
• March 23–Emperor Go-Kōgonof Japan,Northern Courtemperor during a conflict between two imperial lines (d.1374)
• October 5–Alexios III of Trebizond(d.1390)
• November 29–Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence(d.1368)
• date unknown
  • George de Dunbar, 10th Earl of March(d.1420)
  • Muhammed V, Sultan of Granada(d.1391)
  • Niccolò II d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara(d.1388)
  • Thomas de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros(d.1383)
  • Margaret de Stafford(d.1396)
  • Tvrtko I of Bosnia(d.1391)

1339

• July 23–Louis I, Duke of Anjou(d.1384)
• November 1–Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria(d.1365)
• date unknown:
  • Pope Alexander V,Antipope (d.1410)
  • Erik Magnusson,king of parts of Sweden1356–1359(d.1359)
  • Frederick, Duke of Bavaria-Landshut(d.1393)
  • Pope Innocent VII(d.1406)
  • John IV, Duke of Brittany(d.1399)
  • Juana Manuel of Castile,queen consort of Castile (d.1381)
  • Ali ibn Mohammed al-Jurjani,Persian Arab encyclopaedist (d.1414)

Deaths

1330

• January 13– DukeFrederick I of Austria(b.1286)
• January 21–Joan II, Countess of Burgundy,queen dowager of France (b.1291)
• March 19–Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent,son of Edward I and brother of Edward II (executed by Roger Mortimer) (b.1301)
• May 3–Alexios II Megas Komnenos,Emperor of Trebizond(b.1282)
• c.July 31– TsarMichael Shishman of Bulgaria(b.1280s?)
• August 25– On or about this date,Sir James Douglas,Scottish guerilla leader during the Wars of Scottish Independence (b. circa1286)
• September 28–Elizabeth of Bohemia,queen consort of Bohemia (b.1292)
• November 29–Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March,de facto ruler of England (b.1287)
• date unknown
  • Pietro Cavallini,Italian artist (b.1259)
  • Guillaume Durand,French clergyman
  • Immanuel the Roman,Italian scholar and poet (b.1270)
  • Maximus Planudes,Byzantine grammarian and theologian
  • Uthman ibn Abi al-Ula,Marinid prince andshaykh al-ghuzatof the Emirate of Granada

TheBattle of Posada(November 9–12, 1330) inChronicon Pictum.TheBasarab I of Wallachia's army ambushesCharles Robert of Anjou,king of Hungary and his 30,000-strong invading army. TheVlach(Romanian) warriors roll down rocks over the cliff edges in a place where the Hungarian mounted knights cannot escape from them nor climb the heights to dislodge the attackers.

1331

• January 14–Odoric of Pordenone,Italian explorer
• April 17–Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford(b. c.1257)
• May 12–Engelbert of Admont,abbot of Admont in Styria
• October 27–Abulfeda,Kurdish Syrian historian and geographer (b.1273)
• November 11–Stefan Uroš III Dečanski of Serbia(b. c.1285)
• December 26–Philip I, Prince of Taranto,titular Latin Emperor (b.1278)
• December 30–Bernard Gui,French inquisitor (b.1261or1262)
• date unknown–Matilda of Hainaut,Princess of Achaea (b.1293)

1332

• January 8–Andronikos III Megas Komnenos,Emperor of Trebizond
• February–Henry Hussey, 1st Baron Hussey(b. c.1265)
• February 13–Andronikos II Palaiologos,Byzantine Emperor(b.1259)
• March 13–Theodore Metochita,Byzantine Empirestatesman, author, man of learning, and patron of the arts (b.1270)
• June 16–Adam de Brome,founder ofOriel College,Oxford
• July 20–Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray,regent ofScotland
• August 2– KingChristopher II of Denmark(b.1276)
• August 11– at theBattle of Dupplin Moor
  • Domhnall II, Earl of Mar
  • Robert II Keith, Marischal of Scotland
  • Thomas Randolph, 2nd Earl of Moray
  • Murdoch III, Earl of Menteith
  • Robert Bruce,Lord of Liddesdale
• September 4–García de Ayerbe,Spanish bishop and crusade theorist
• date unknown
  • Jayaatu Khan, Emperor Wenzong of Yuan,emperor of theYuan Dynasty(b.1304)
  • Rinchinbal Khan, Emperor Ningzong of Yuan,emperor of theYuan Dynasty(b.1326)
• approximate date–Mary of Woodstock,English princess (b.1279)

1333

• February 7–Nikko,Japanese priest, founder ofNichiren ShoshuBuddhism (b.1246)
• March–William of Alnwick,Franciscan friar and theologian
• March 2–King Wladyslaw I of Poland(b.1261)
• June 6–William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster(b.1312)
• June 18–Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria(b.1312)
• July 19(at theBattle of Halidon Hill):
  • John Campbell, Earl of Atholl
  • Alexander Bruce, Earl of Carrick
  • Sir Archibald Douglas
  • Maol Choluim II, Earl of Lennox
  • Kenneth de Moravia, 4th Earl of Sutherland
• July 28–Guy VIII of Viennois,Dauphin of Vienne (b.1309)
• November 9– EmpressSaionji Kishiof Japan (b.c.1303)
• October 16–Antipope Nicholas V
• date unknown
  • Prince Morikuni,9th and lastshōgunof theKamakura shogunatein Japan. (b.1301)
  • Nichimoku,Japanese priest, the 3rd high priest ofTaisekiji templeand Nichiren Shoshu (b.1260)

1334

• January 17–John of Brittany, Earl of Richmond(b. c.1266)
• December 4–Pope John XXII(b.1249)
• date unknown– SheikhSafi-ad-din ArdabiliofPersia(b.1251)
• Isabella de Vesci,politically active French noblewoman (b. 1260s)

1335

• April 2– DukeHenry of Carinthia
• August 12–Prince Moriyoshi,Japaneseshōgun(b.1308)
• August 23–Heilwige Bloemardinne,Dutch Christian mystic (b. c.1265)
• October 31–Marie of Évreux,French noblewoman (b.1303)
• December 1–Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan,Mongol ruler of theIlkhanate(b.1305)

1336

Emperor Go-Fushimi

• January 20–John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford(b.1306)
• February 25–Margiris,Duke of Samogitia
• March 20–Maurice Csák,Hungarian Dominican friar (b. c.1270)
• May 17–Emperor Go-Fushimiof Japan (b.1288)
• July 4–Elizabeth of Portugal,queen consort and saint (b.1271)
• September 5–Charles d'Évreux(b.1305)
• date unknown
  • Bernard VIII, Count of Comminges(b. c.1285)
  • Arpa Ke'un,Ilkhanid ruler
  • Guillaume Pierre Godin,French Dominican philosopher (b. c.1260)
  • Hugh II of Arborea
  • Ramon Muntaner,Catalan soldier and writer (b.1270)
  • Cino da Pistoia,Italian poet (b.1270)
  • Richard of Wallingford,English monk and mathematician (b.1292)
  • Ghiyas al-Din ibn Rashid al-Din,Ilkhanate politician
  • Turgut Alp,KayiandOttomansoldierandcommander in-chief(b.1200) at the age of 136.

1337

• January 8–Giotto di Bondone,Italian painter (b.1267)
• June 7–William I, Count of Hainaut(b.1286)
• June 15–Angelo da Clareno,Italian Franciscan and leader of a group ofFraticelli(b.1247)
• June 25–Frederick III of Sicily(b.1272)
• June 30–Eleanor de Clare,politically active English noble (b.1290)
• date unknown
  • Changshi,khan of theChagatai Khanate
  • William Frangipani,Latin Archbishop of Patras
  • Musa I of Mali,ruler of the Malian Empire (b. c.1280)
  • Prince Narinaga,JapaneseShōgun(b.1326,d. either 1337 or1344,the sources are contradictory)

1338

• April 8–Stephen Gravesend,Bishop of London
• April 24–Theodore I, Marquess of Montferrat(b. c.1270)
• May –John Wishart,Scottish bishop
• May 5–Prince Tsunenaga,son of the Japanese Emperor (b.1324)
• May 23–Alice de Warenne, Countess of Arundel,English noble (b.1287)
• June 10–Kitabatake Akiie,Japanese governor (b.1318;d. in battle)
• July–Muhammad Khan,Persian monarch
• August 4–Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk(b.1300)
• August 17–Nitta Yoshisada,Japanese samurai (b.1301;d. in battle)
• August 22–William II, Duke of Athens(b.1312)
• December 21–Thomas Hemenhale,Bishop of Worcester
• date unknown
  • Alfonso Fadrique,Sicilian noble
  • Awhadi Maraghai,Persian poet
  • Marino Sanuto the Elder,Venetian statesman and geographer (b. c.1260)
  • Nitta Yoshiaki,Japanese samurai
• probable–Prince Narinaga,Japaneseshōgun(b.1325)

1339

Emperor Go-Daigo

• February 17–Otto, Duke of Austria(b.1301)
• May 26–Aldona Ona,Queen of Poland (b. c.1309)
• August 16–Azzone Visconti,founder of the state of Milan (b.1302)
• August 25–Henry de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham(b.1260)
• September 1–Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria(b.1305)
• September 19–Emperor Go-Daigoof Japan (b.1288)
• October 29– Grand PrinceAleksandr Mikhailovich of Tver(b.1301)