1663(MDCLXIII) was acommon year starting on Mondayof theGregorian calendarand acommon year starting on Thursdayof theJulian calendar,the 1663rd year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 663rd year of the2nd millennium,the 63rd year of the17th century,and the 4th year of the1660sdecade. As of the start of 1663, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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Events
editJanuary–March
edit- January 10– TheRoyal African Companyis granted aRoyal CharterbyCharles II of England.[1]
- January 23– TheTreaty of Ghilajharighatis signed inIndiabetween representatives of theMughal Empireand the independentAhom Kingdom(in what is now the Assam state), with the Mughals ending their occupation of the Ahom capital ofGarhgaon,in return for payment by Ahom in silver and gold for costs of the occupation, and KingSutamlaof Ahom sending one of his daughters to be part of the harem of Mughal EmperorAurangzeb.
- February 5– Anearthquake estimated at least 7.3 magnitudestrikesCanada'sQuebec Province.
- February 8– English pirates led byChristopher MyngsandEdward Mansveltcarry out thesack of Campechein Mexico, looting the town during a two week occupation that ends on February 23.[2]
- February 10– The army of theKingdom of Siam(nowThailand) capturesChiang Maifrom theKingdom of Burma(nowMyanmar), using it as a base for launching a larger attack on the Burmese coast in November.
- March 4– ThePrince Edward Islandsin thesub-antarcticIndian Oceanare discovered by Barent Barentszoon Lam, of theDutchshipMaerseveen,and namedDina(Prince Edward) andMaerseveen(Marion).[3]
- March 5–Emperor Go-Sai's reign ends, andEmperor Reigenascends to the throne ofJapan.
- March 24– KingCharles II of Englandissues the Charter of Carolina, establishing theProvince of Carolina,and dividing it between eightLords Proprietors.[1]
April–June
edit- April 17– The Ottoman Empiredeclares waragainstLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor,beginning the Austro-Turkish War.
- May 7– TheKing's Theatre,now called "Drury Lane", opens inLondon.[1]
- June 7– Under the pretext of working out a treaty with Dutch settlers in the colony ofNew Netherland,theEsopus tribeof theDelaware peopleenter the fortress at Wiltwijck (now the U.S. city ofKingston, New York) and stage a surprise attack. Unbeknownst to the Wiltwijck residents, another group of Esopus warriors had destroyed the village of Nieu Dorp (nowHurley, New York) earlier in the day. The episode begins theSecond Esopus War.
- June 8– The Portuguese and some English auxiliaries defeat the Spanish Army in theBattle of Ameixial.
July–September
edit- July 8– King Charles II of England grantsJohn ClarkeaRoyal Charterfor the American colony ofRhode Island and Providence Plantations.[1]
- July 19– Acting as intermediaries between the Dutch and Esopus war parties, a group of threeMohawk Indiansobtain the release of the first four hostages who had been taken hostage in the Esopus attack on Wildwyck, two women and two children.[4]
- July 27– TheEnglish Parliamentpasses thesecond Navigation Act,requiring that all goods bound for theAmerican colonieshave to be sent inEnglishships from English ports.
- August 15–Oratam,leader of theHackensack tribeof theLenape nation,meets inNew Amsterdam(now New York City) with Weswatewchy, Memshe and Wemessamy, three chiefs of theMonsiyoktribe, to ask for the Hackensacks to supply a cannon to defend their fort, and to confirm that the Monsiyok are not allied with the other major division of the Lenape, theEsopus tribe.[5]
- August 21– Concerned about the wintry weather, theParliament of Englandholds an intercessory fast.[6]
- August 28– In an unseasonably cold summer, severe frost hitsEngland.
- September 5– Dutch Captain Martin Kregier and Lieutenant Couwenhoven lead an attack against the Esopus Indians from the right and Lieutenant Stilwil and Ensign Niessen the left wing. In the battle, near what is nowMamakating, New York,Chief Papequanaehen and 14 other Esopus warriors are killed, along with seven civilians; three Dutch soldiers are killed, but 23 Dutch prisoners are rescued.[4]
- September 8–Diego de Salcedobecomes the newSpanish Governor-General of the Philippines,replacingSabiniano Manrique de Lara,who had served for more than 10 years. Salcedo is overthrown in 1668.
- September 13
- TheGloucester County Conspiracy,the firstslave rebellionin British North America, is foiled after one of the plotters, John Birkenhead, reveals the plan of African slaves and English indentured servants to kill their masters. Birkenhead is freed by his master as a reward for betraying the rebels.
- After asiege of more than a month,the Hungarian fortress atÉrsekújvár(nowNové ZámkyinSlovakia) surrenders to theOttoman Empire.In accordance with the treaty of surrender negotiated by the Hungarian commander, CountÁdám Forgách,the European residents are allowed free passage to Austria, and the Ottoman Grand Vizier,Fazil Ahmed Pashaprovides a document certifying that the fort's defenders fought bravely.
October–December
edit- October 12– TheFarnley Wood Plot,a conspiracy in the English county ofWest Yorkshireto overthrow the recently-restored monarchy and to return to the military rule that had been established by the late Oliver Cromwell, fails when only 26 men gather atFarnley.The group is arrested and 21 of the rebels are later executed for treason.
- October 16– With 2,000 men under his command,Petar Zrinski,theViceroyofCroatiawithin the Holy Roman Empire, defeats a much larger force of 8,000 Ottoman soldiers in theBattle at Jurjeve Stijene,near the modern town ofOtočac.The Croatians lose 10 soldiers killed; the Ottoman invasion force suffers over 1,500 deaths.
- November 6– The Kingdom of Sweden adopts a law creating the flag in use in the nation now, a yellowNordic crosson a blue background. The original version, used as a state flag and on ships, had three pennants.[7]
- November 19–Alexandre de Prouville de Tracyis appointed by King Louis XIV of Frances as the newGovernor General of the French West Indiesas the colonies ofSaint-Domingue,Saint Martin,Guadeloupe,Dominica,Saint Barthélemy,andSaint Croixare put under a unified rule for the colonies in the Caribbean Sea for the first time since 1651.
- November 24– The General Court of Commissioners for Rhode Island and Providence Plantations convenes for the final time, meeting inNewportto formally receive the Rhode Island Royal Charter issued on July 8 by King Charles II.
- December 12– TheDutch Republicprohibits practice of the common law custom ofjus naufragii,the doctrine that permitted people to seize property that had washed ashore on their land after a shipwreck.
- December 17–Queen Ana Nzingaof theKingdom of Ndongoand theKingdom of Matamba,both located in the northern part of what is now theRepublic of Angolain Africa, dies after a 39-year reign in Ndongo and 32 years after conquering Matamba. She is succeeded by her sister,Barbara Mukambu Mbandi,who rules for less than three years.
- December 27–Jacob Hustaertbecomes the newGovernor of Dutch Ceylon.
Date unknown
edit- ThePrix de Romescholarship is established in France for students of the arts.
- The firstMarooncommunity arises inSuriname.
- Robert Hookediscovers that cork is made of "tiny little rooms", which he first calls "Cells".[8]
- Publication atCambridgein theMassachusetts Bay Colonyof the "Eliot Indian Bible"(Mamusse Wunneetupanatamwe Up-Biblum God), which becomes the first completeBiblepublished in theAmericas,a translation by English-bornPuritanmissionaryJohn Eliotof theGeneva Bible,from English into theMassachusett language(Natic or Wômpanâak) variety of theAlgonquian languages.[9]
Births
edit
- January 13–Henry Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge,British politician (d.1743)
- January 19–Nicholas Trott,colonial magistrate, South Carolina Chief Justice (d.1740)
- January 20–Luca Carlevarijs,Italian painter (d.1730)
- January 26–Francis Barrell,English politician (d.1724)
- January 27–George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington,English Royal Navy admiral (d.1733)
- February 1–Ignacia del Espíritu Santo,Filipino religious sister (d.1748)
- February 4–Edward Lee, 1st Earl of Lichfield,English peer (d.1716)
- February 12–Cotton Mather,American theologian (d.1728)
- February 22–Louis Bossuet,French parlementaire (d.1742)
- February 25–Pierre Antoine Motteux,French-born English dramatist (d.1718)
- March 3–Nicolas Siret,French composer, organist and harpsichordist (d.1754)
- March 6–Francis Atterbury,British bishop (d.1732)
- March 7–Tomaso Antonio Vitali,Italian composer and violinist (d.1745)
- March 16–Jean-Baptiste Matho,French composer (d.1743)
- March 18–Johann Martin Steindorff,German composer (d.1744)
- March 22–August Hermann Francke,German Lutheran clergyman, philanthropist, Biblical scholar (d.1727)
- March 25–Félix Le Pelletier de La Houssaye(d.1723)
- March 27–Johann Andreas Eisenbarth,German surgeon (d.1727)
- March 28–Louis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken(d.1713)
- March 29–Harry Mordaunt,British politician (d.1720)
- April 7–Filippo II Colonna,Italian noble (d.1714)
- April 10–Francisco de Berganza,Italian Benedictine monk (d.1738)
- April 14–August David zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein,Prussian politician (d.1735)
- April 16–Alexander Sigismund von der Pfalz-Neuburg,German Catholic bishop (d.1737)
- May 1–Giacomo Parolini,Italian painter (d.1733)
- May 2–Joseph de Gallifet,French Jesuit priest (d.1749)
- May 8–Lord James Murray,Scottish Member of Parliament (d.1719)
- May 17
- Rosine Elisabeth Menthe,morganatic wife of Duke Rudolf August of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (d.1701)
- Sir William Glynne, 2nd Baronet,English politician (d.1721)
- May 20–William Bradford,English-born printer in North America (d.1752)
- May 25–Johann Dientzenhofer,German architect (d.1726)
- May 28–António Manoel de Vilhena,Portuguese Grand Master of the Order of Saint John (d.1736)
- June 2–Anne-Marguerite Petit du Noyer,French journalist (d.1719)
- June 8–Sir William Lowther, 1st Baronet, of Swillington,British politician (d.1729)
- June 24–Jean Baptiste Massillon,French Catholic bishop, famous preacher (d.1742)
- July 1–Franz Xaver Murschhauser,German composer and theorist (d.1738)
- July 11–James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge,British prince (d.1667)
- July 15–Sir John Cropley, 2nd Baronet,English politician (d.1713)
- July 26–Peter Hohmann, Edler of Hohenthal,Leipzig merchant and town councillor, raised to nobility (d.1732)
- August 9–Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany(d.1713)
- August 18–Catherine Repond,alleged Swiss witch (d.1731)
- August 24–Kiliaen Van Rensselaer,fifth patroon in New Netherland (d.1719)
- August 31–Guillaume Amontons,French scientific instrument inventor and physicist (d.1705)
- September 1–Jean Boivin the Younger,French writer (d.1726)
- September 16–Johann Josua Mosengel,German organ builder (d.1731)
- September 20
- Pirro Albergati,Italian composer (d.1735)
- Frederick William, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen(d.1735)
- Louis-François Duplessis de Mornay,Catholic bishop ofQuebec(d.1741)
- September 25–Johann Nikolaus Hanff,German composer and organist (d.1711)
- September 28–Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton(d.1690)
- October 3–Johann Christoph Wichmannshausen,German philosopher (d.1727)
- October 9
- Francis Xavier Schmalzgrueber,German canon law jurist (d.1735)
- Giovanni Mario Crescimbeni,Italian critic and poet (d.1728)
- October 15–Fitton Gerard, 3rd Earl of Macclesfield,English politician, earl (d.1702)
- October 17–Diego de Astorga y Céspedes,Spanish Catholic cardinal (d.1734)
- October 18–Prince Eugene of Savoy,Austrian field marshal (d.1736)
- October 23–Margravine Eleonore Juliane of Brandenburg-Ansbach,duchess by marriage of Württemberg-Winnental (d.1724)
- October 24–Stephen Delancey,major colonialNew Yorkfigure (d.1741)
- November 13–Árni Magnússon,Icelandic scholar and manuscript collector (d.1730)
- November 14–Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow,German composer (d.1712)
- November 17–Marie Christine de Pardaillan de Gondrin,eldest legitimate child of Françoise-Athénaïs (d.1675)
- November 25–Jean-Frédéric Osterwald,Swiss Protestant pastor (d.1747)
- November 29–Sir Thomas Crosse, 1st Baronet,British aristocrat, politician (d.1738)
- November 30–Andrea Adami da Bolsena,Italian castrato (d.1742)
- December 8–Nathan Gold,deputy colonial governor of Connecticut (d.1723)
- December 20–Thomas Wilson,Bishop of Sodor and Man (d.1755)
- December 24–Ippolita Ludovisi,Princess of Piombino (1701 until her death) (d.1733)
- December 27–Johann Melchior Roos,German painter (d.1731)
- December 31–Carl Wilhelm Welser von Neunhof,German merchant, politician (d.1711)
- Date unknown–
- William King,English poet (d.1712)
- Delarivier Manley,English author (d.1724)
- Antonio Zucchelli,Italian Franciscan capuchin friar, explorer and missionary (d.1716)
Deaths
edit
- January 2–Illiam Dhone,Manx politician (b.1608)
- January 6–George Goring, 1st Earl of Norwich,English soldier, politician (b.1585)
- January 22–Giancarlo de' Medici,Italian Catholic cardinal (b.1611)
- January 29–Robert Sanderson,English theologian and casuist (b.1587)
- January 31–John Spelman,English politician (b.1606)
- February 19–Adam Adami,German bishop, diplomat (b.1603)
- March 13–Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern(b.1625)
- March 17–Jerome Weston, 2nd Earl of Portland,English diplomat and landowner (b.1605)
- March 20–Biagio Marini,Italian violinist and composer (b.1594)
- April 5–John Norton,American divine (b.1606)
- April 7–Francis Cooke,English Mayflower Pilgrim (b. c.1583)
- April 17–David Questiers,Dutch poet (b.1623)
- April 20–Kjeld Stub,Danish priest (b.1607)
- April 29–Princess Margaret Yolande of Savoy,duchess consort of Parma (b.1635)
- May 3–Johan Björnsson Printz,governor ofNew Sweden(b.1592)
- May 6–Johan van Rensselaer,Dutch noble (b.1625)
- May 11–Henri II d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville,Prince of France (b.1595)
- March 20–Selius Marselis,Dutch/Norwegian tradesman (b.1600)
- May 30–Jean Guyon,French colonist (b.1592)
- June 4–William Juxon,Archbishop of Canterbury(b.1582)
- June 5–Béatrix de Cusance,Frenc-Comtois noble woman (b.1614)
- June 20–Catherine Henriette de Bourbon,French noble (b.1596)
- June 25–John Bramhall,Archbishop of Armagh,Anglican controversialist (b.1594)
- June 26–John Alleyn,Cornish barrister (b.1621)
- July 2–Thomas Selle,German baroque composer (b.1599)
- July 5–Samuel Newman,colonial Massachusetts clergyman (b.1602)
- July 7–Thomas Baltzar,German violinist (b. c.1631)
- July 13–Sir Thomas Myddelton, 1st Baronet,English politician (b.1624)
- July 16–William VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel(1637–1663) (b.1629)
- July 20–Samuel Stone,Connecticut Puritan minister (b.1602)
- August 10–Edward Convers,American settler (b.1590)
- August 26–Sir John Yonge, 1st Baronet,English politician (b.1603)
- September 18–Joseph of Cupertino,Italian saint (b.1603)
- September 20–Thomas Stucley (MP),English politician (b.1620)
- September 27
- Christoffer Urne,Governor General of Norway (b.1593)
- Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg(b.1584)
- October 7–Sophia Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt,Landgravine consort of Hesse-Homburg (b.1634)
- October 13–Susanna Margarete of Anhalt-Dessau,Princess of Anhalt-Dessau (b.1610)
- October 20–Raphael Cotoner,Spanish 60th Grandmaster of theKnights Hospitaller(b.1601)
- October 31–Théophile Raynaud,French theologian (b.1583)
- November 24–Louis IV of Legnica,Duke of Oława and Brzeg (b.1616)
- December 5–Severo Bonini,Italian composer (b.1582)
- December 17– QueenNzinga of Ndongo and Matamba(b. c.1583)
- December 21
- Camillo Astalli,Italian cardinal (b.1616)
- Thomas Bruce, 1st Earl of Elgin,Scottish nobleman (b.1599)
- December 27–Christine of France,Duchess ofSavoy(b.1606)
- December 28–Francesco Maria Grimaldi,Italian mathematician, physicist (b.1618)
- date unknown –Chiara Varotari,Italian Baroque painter (b.1584)
- date unknown –Bihari Lal,Indian Poet (b.1595)
References
edit- ^abcdWilliams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History.London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.270.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^David Marley,Pirates of the Americas(ABC-CLIO, 2010), p. 299
- ^Leupe, Pieter Arend Leupe (1868). "De eilanden Dina en Maerseveen in den Zuider Atlantischen Oceaan" in:Verhandelingen en berigten betrekkelijk het zeewezen, de zeevaartkunde, de hydrographie, de koloniën en de daarmede in verband staande wetenschappen,Deel 28, Afd. 2, [no.] 9 (Amsterdam) pp. 242-253.
- ^abCaptain Martin Kregier,"Journal of the Second Eposus War"(1663), translated by HudsonRiverValley.org, archived by The Wayback Machine
- ^"The Minisink Settlements: Native American Identity", by Robert S. Grumet, inThe People of Minisink: Papers from the 1989 Delaware Water Gap Symposium,ed. by David G. Orr and Douglas V. Compana (National Park Service, 1991) p. 184
- ^Stratton, J. M. (1969).Agricultural Records.John Baker.ISBN0-212-97022-4.
- ^Svante Svärdström,Rikets vapen och flagga(The coat of arms and flag of the kingdom(Swedish Royal Armory, 1960) pp. 23-48
- ^Micrographia(1665).
- ^"The Eliot Indian Bible: First Bible Printed in America".Library of Congress Bible Collection.Washington, D.C.:Library of Congress.2008.RetrievedDecember 2,2014.