1914 in poetry

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Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance,IrishorFrance).

They went with songs to the battle, they were young.
Straight of limb, true of eyes, steady and aglow.
They were staunch to the end against odds uncounted,
They fell with their faces to the foe.
They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old:
Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun and in the morning,

We will remember them.

— "Ode of Remembrance",anodetaken fromLaurence Binyon's "For the Fallen", first published inThe Timesof London in September of this year.

Events

The cover of the first edition of theliterary magazineBLAST

January 1 –The Egoist,aLondonliterary magazine is founded byDora Marsden,a successor toThe New Freewoman(the new publication will go defunct in1919); it publishes early modernist works, including those ofJames Joyce
January 18 – A party held in honor ofEnglishpoetWilfrid Scawen Bluntat hisstud farminWest Sussexbrings togetherW. B. Yeats,Ezra Pound,Thomas Sturge Moore,Victor Plarr,Richard Aldington,F. S. FlintandFrederic Manning;peacock is on the menu^[1]^[2]
January 29 –Yone Noguchilectures on "The JapaneseHokkuPoetry "atMagdalen College, Oxford
March 4 (dated February) – Publication of the first issue ofNew Numbers,a quarterly collection of work by theDymock poetsin England edited byLascelles AbercrombiewithWilfrid Gibson;the only other issues are published on May 15 (dated April), about the beginning of October (dated August) and on February 27,1915(dated December 1914)^[3]
March –The Little Reviewfounded byMargaret Caroline Andersonas part ofChicago's literary renaissance
April 3 –AmericanpoetRobert Frostmoves to the rural English location ofDymockwhere he joins with theDymock poets^[3]
April 20 –AmericanpoetEzra PoundmarriesEnglishartistDorothy ShakespearatSt Mary Abbotschurch,Kensington,London
June 5 –Rupert Brookereturns to England at Plymouth after a year's tour of North America andTahiti^[4]and on June 23 joins with theDymock poetsand helps withNew Numbers^[3]
June 24 –Edward Thomasmakes the English railway journey which inspires his poem "Adlestrop"en routeto meetRobert Frost,who encourages him to begin writing poetry^[5]
July 2 –BLAST,a short-livedliterary magazineof theVorticistmovement, is founded with the publication of the first of its total of two editions, edited byWyndham Lewis
August – Theliterature of World War Imakes its first appearance.John Masefieldwrites the poem "August, 1914" (published in the September 1 issue ofThe English Review), the last he will produce before the peace.
September –J. R. R. Tolkienwrites a poem aboutEärendil,the first appearance of hismythopoeic Middle-earth legendarium.At this time Tolkien is an Oxford undergraduate staying at Phoenix Farm,Gedlingnear Nottingham.^[6]^[7]
September 22 –T. S. Eliot(at this time in England to study) meetsEzra Poundfor the first time, in London
December – Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky, who writes under thepen name"Guillaume Apollinaire",enlists in the French Army to fight inWorld War Iand becomes aFrenchcitizen^[8]after an August attempt at enlistment has been rejected
December 3 –Edward Thomas,previously known as a writer of descriptive prose, writes his first mature poem, "Up in the Wind"^[3]^[4]
December 23 –Rupert Brookebegins writing his sonnet "The Soldier"while on military training^[4]
Jethmal ParsramandLalchand Amardinomal Jagatiani,both aged around 29, found the Sindhi Sahita Society, a publishing house, inIndia^[9]

Works published in English

Canada

William Wilfred Campbell,Sagas of Vaster Britain^[10]
Katherine Hale,Grey Knitting^[10]
Marian Osborne,Poems,Canadian poet published in theUnited Kingdom^[10]
George A. MacKenzie,In that New World Which is the Old^[10]
Laura E. McCulley,Mary Magdalene and Other Poems,50 poems; her first book of poetry^[10]
Beatrice Redpath,Drawn Shutters,her first book^[10]
Lloyd Roberts,England Over Seas^[10]
Arthur Stringer,Open Water,London: John Lane Co. (free verseCanadian poetry^[11]

The Egoistfounded

United Kingdom

Laurence Binyon,The Winnowing-Fan,including "For the Fallen",^[12]part of which is excerpted to become "Ode of Remembrance"(written atPentire Head,Cornwall,and originally published inThe Times(London) September 21)
Wilfrid Scawen Blunt,Poetical Works^[12]
W. H. Davies,The Bird of Paradise, and Other Poems^[12]
Wilfrid Gibson
- Borderlands^[12]
- Thoroughfares
Thomas Hardy
- Satires of Circumstance(including the sequence "Poems 1912–13")
- "Men Who March Away" (September 5, published as "Song of the Soldiers" inThe Times(London) September 9)
Ford Madox Hueffer,Collected Poems
John Masefield,Philip the King, and Other Poems^[12]
Marian Osborne,Poems,Canadianpoet published in the United Kingdom^[10]
Ezra Pound,editor,Des Imagistes: An Anthology,the first anthology of theImagismmovement; published by thePoetry Bookshopin London and issued in America both in book form and simultaneously in the literary periodicalThe Glebefor February 1914 (issue #5)
Arthur Knowles Sabin,War Harvest, 1914
Katharine Tynan,The Flower of Peace
W. B. Yeats,Responsibilities,Irishpoet published in the United Kingdom^[13]

United States

Conrad Aiken,Earth Triumphant^[14]
Emily Dickinson,The Single Hound,published posthumously (died1886)^[14]
Robert Frost,North of Boston,^[14]including "Mending Wall",American poet resident and published in the UK
Joyce Kilmer,Trees and Other Poems,including"Trees",which first appeared inPoetrymagazine in August1913)
Ezra Pound,editor,Des Imagistes: An Anthology,the first anthology of theImagismmovement; published by thePoetry Bookshopin London and issued in America both in book form and simultaneously in the literary periodicalThe Glebefor February 1914 (issue #5)
Vachel Lindsay,The Congo and Other Poems^[14]
Amy Lowell,Sword Blades and Poppy Seed^[14]
James Oppenheim,Songs for the New Age^[14]
Carl Sandburg,"Chicago" inPoetrymagazine
Gertrude Stein,Tender Buttons^[14]
Wallace Stevens' first major publication (of his poem "Phases" ) is in the November issue ofPoetry^[15]The poem was written when Stevens was 35, and he is a rare example of a poet whose main output came at a fairly advanced age. (Many of his canonical works were written well after he turned fifty.) According to the literary criticHarold Bloom,no Western writer sinceSophocleshas had such a late flowering of artistic genius.

Other in English

Christopher Brennan,Poems: 1913,Australia
Prafulla Ranjan Das,The Mother and the Star;Indian,Indian poetry in English^[16]
W. B. Yeats,Responsibilities,Irishpoet published in theUnited Kingdom^[13]

Works published in other languages

Indian

Narasinghrao,Nupurjhankar(Indian,writing inGujarati)^[17]

Telugulanguage

Kattamanci Ramalinga Reddi,Kavitya Tattva Vicaramu,criticism^[9]
Ramalinga Reddi/Kattamanci Ramalinga Reddi,Kavitya Tattva Vicaramu,book of criticism, called a "very controversial" and "scathing critique of traditional poetry" and also a "pioneering work in modern Telugu criticism"^[9]
Burra Seshagiri Rao,Vimarsadarsamu,book partly about the relationship between poetry and society^[9]

Other languages

Anna Akhmatova,The Rosary,Russia,her second collection; by this time there are thousands of women composing their poems "after Akhmatova"; the book becomes so popular in Russia that a "parlor game based upon the book was even invented. One person would recite a line of poetry and the next person would try to recite the next, until the entire book was recited."^[18]
Julius Bab,ed.,1914: der deutsche Krieg im deutschen Gedicht,Germany
José Santos Chocano,Puerto Rico lírico y otros poemas,Peru^[19]
Janus Djurhuus,Yrkingar,Faroese
Walter Flex,Das Volk in Eisen,Germany
Krishnala M. Jhaveri,Milestones inGujaratiLiteraturewritten in English and translated into Gujarati; scholarship and criticism in (India)^[17]
Vasily Kamensky,Tango with Cows: Ferro-Concrete Poems(Танго С Коровами: Железобетонныя Поэмы),Russia
Ernst Lissauer,"Song of Hate against England"(Hassgesang gegen England),Germany
Stéphane Mallarmé,Un Coup de dés jamais n'abolira le hasard( "A Throw of the Dice will Never Abolish Chance" ), originally published inCosmopolismagazine in1897,posthumously published in book form for the first time, in a limited, 60-copy edition by the Imprimerie Sainte Catherine atBruges,Belgium
Gabriela Mistral,Sonetos de la muerte( "Sonnets of Death" ),Chile^[20]
Patrick Pearse,Suantraidhe agus Goltraidhe(Songs of Sleep and of Sorrow),Ireland
Rainer Maria Rilke,Fünf Gesänge, August 1914( "Five Hymns, August 1914" ), written,Germany
Ernst Stadler,Der Aufbruch( "The Departure" ), thisGermanpoet's most important volume of verse, regarded as a key work of early Expressionism; he is killed in battle this year
Georg Trakl,"Grodek",Austria,posthumously published inDer Brenner

Awards and honors

Births

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

Birthplace of Dylan Thomas

January 14 –Dudley Randall(died2000) AfricanAmericanpoet and poetry publisher, foundingBroadside Pressin1965
January 17 –William Stafford(died1993),Americanpoet
February 7 –David Ignatow(died1997),Americanpoet
February 14 –Jan Nisar Akhtar(died1976)Indianpoet ofUrdu ghazalsandnazmsand lyricist forBollywood
February 22 –Henry Reed(died1986),Englishpoet.
February 24 –Weldon Kees(missing and presumed dead,1955),Americanpoet, critic, novelist, short story writer, composer and artist.
February 25 –John Arlott(died1991),Englishcricket commentator and poet
March 31 –Octavio Paz(died1998)Mexicanwriter, poet, diplomat, and winner of theNobel Prize in Literaturein1990
May 3 –Georges-Emmanuel Clancier(died2018),Frenchpoet, novelist, broadcaster and journalist
May 6 –Randall Jarrell(died1965),Americanpoet and writer
June 2 -George Hitchcock(died2010),Americanpoet, editor and publisher ofKayakmagazine and books (1964–1984)
June 26 –Laurie Lee(died1997),Englishmemoirist and poet
September 1 –Jean Burden(died2008),Americanpoet, editor, essayist and pet-care writer
September 5 –Nicanor Parra(died2018),Chileanpoet and physicist
September 29 –D. J. Opperman(died1985),South African Afrikaanspoet
July 30 –Tachihara MichizōLập nguyên đạo tạo (died1939),Japanesepoet and architect
October 25 –John Berryman(born John Allyn Smith) (died1972)Americanpoet considered one of the founders of theConfessional schoolof poetry
October 27 –Dylan Thomas(died1953),Welshpoet
October 30 –James Laughlin(died1997),Americanpoet and literary book publisher, founder ofNew Directions Publishers
November 1 –Yamazaki HōdaiSơn kỳ phương đại (died1985),Shōwa periodtankapoet (family name: Yamazaki)
Also:
- Punkunnam Damodaran,Indian,Malayalam-language poet and playwright^[9]
- Devakanta Barua,Indian,Assamese-language poet^[9]
- G. V. Krishna Rao(died1979),Indian,Telugu-language poet and novelist^[9]
- Ghulam Ahmad Fazil Kashmiri(died2004), also known as "Fazil Kashmiri",Indian,Kashmiri-language poet (surname: Fazil)^[9]
- Kunjabihari Das,Indian,Orissa-language poet, folklorist, travel writer and memoirist^[9]
- Laksmidhar Nayak,Indian,Oriyaplaywright, novelist, poet and labor leader^[9]
- Narayan Bezbarua,Indian,Assamese-language poet, novelist and playwright^[9]
- Narmada Prasad Khare,Indian,Hindi-language poet and editor^[9]

Deaths

Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

January 13 –John Philip Bourke(born1860),Australianpoet
March 17 –Hiraide ShūBình xuất tu (born1878), lateMeiji periodnovelist, poet, andlawyer;represented defendant in theHigh Treason Incident;co-founder of the literary journalSubaru
June 3 –Danske Dandridge,59 (born1854),Americanpoet
July 6 –Delmira Agustini(born1886),Uruguayanpoet
July 23 –Charlotte Forten Grimké,76, African-Americananti-slavery activist, poet and teacher
September 4 –Charles Péguy,41 (born1873),Frenchpoet and essayist, killed in action nearVilleroy, Seine-et-Marne,in the early months ofWorld War I
September 8 –Hans Leybold,22 (born1892),German Expressionistpoet, suicide while on active service in Belgium
September 25 –Alfred Lichtenstein,25 (born1889),German Expressionistwriter, killed in action in France
October 8 –Adelaide Crapsey,26 (born1878),Americanpoet
October 10 –Ernst Stadler,31 (born1883),Germanpoet, killed in battle atZandvoordenearYpres
November 3 –Georg Trakl,27,Austrianpoet, suicide
December 8 –Madison Cawein(born1865),Americanpoet
December 19 –Jane Elizabeth Conklin(born1831),Americanpoet and religious writer
Also:
- Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran,also known asKerala Varma(born1845 in poetry),Indian,Malayalam-language poet and translator who had an equal facility in writing inEnglishandSanskrit^[21]
- K. C. Kesava Pillai(born1868),Indian,Malayalam-language musician and poet^[21]

Notes

^Foster, R. F. (1997).W. B. Yeats: A Life, Vol.1,The Apprentice Mage, 1865-1914.Oxford University Press. p. 509.ISBN 0-19-288085-3.
^McDiarmid, Lucy (2014).Poets and the Peacock Dinner: the literary history of a meal.Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-872278-6.
^^a ^b ^c ^dCooper, Jeff."Timeline of the Dymock Poets 1911–1916".Friends of the Dymock Poets.Retrieved2023-04-26.
^^a ^b ^cBostridge, Mark (2014).The Fateful Year: England 1914.London: Penguin UK. pp. 150, 344–6.ISBN 978-0-14-196223-8.
^Harvey, Anne (1999).Adlestrop Revisited: an anthology inspired by Edward Thomas's poem.Stroud: Sutton Publishing. pp. 8–11.ISBN 0-7509-2289-3.
^Carpenter, Humphrey(2000).J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biography.New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. 79.ISBN 978-0618057023.
^Duriez, Colin(2012).J. R. R. Tolkien: The Making of a Legend.Oxford: Lion. pp. 77–9.ISBN 978-0-7459-5514-8.
^Auster, Paul, ed. (1982).The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry; with translations by American and British poets.New York: Random House.ISBN 0-394-52197-8.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^lDas, Sisir Kumar; et al. (1995).History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy.Vol. 2.Sahitya Akademi.ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9.Retrieved2008-12-23.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^hGarvin, John William, editor,Canadian Poets(anthology), published by McClelland, Goodchild & Stewart, 1916, retrieved via Google Books, June 5, 2009
^Gnarowsky, Michael,"Poetry in English, 1918-1960",article inThe Canadian Encyclopedia,retrieved February 8, 2009
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^eCox, Michael, ed. (2004).The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature.Oxford University Press.ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
^^a ^bMac Liammoir, Michael, and Eavan Boland,W. B. Yeats,Thames and Hudson (part of the "Thames and Hudson Literary Lives" series), London, 1971, p. 83
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^gLudwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr.,Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983,1986, New York: Oxford University Press ( "If the title page is one year later than the copyright date, we used the latter since publishers frequently postdate books published near the end of the calendar year." — from the Preface, p vi)
^Wallace Stevens (search results),Poetry Magazine Archived2008-02-03 at theWayback Machine.
^Vinayak Krishna Gokak,The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965),p 314, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint),ISBN 81-260-1196-3,retrieved August 6, 2010
^^a ^bMohan, Sarala Jag,Chapter 4: "Twentieth-Century Gujarati Literature"(Google books link), in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors,Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India,Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996,ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7,retrieved December 10, 2008
^[1]Archived2006-10-25 at theWayback MachineDebka, Jill, "Akhmatova: Biographical/Historical Overview" short biographical sketch of Akhmatova, accessed December 8, 2006
^Web page titled"José Santos Chocano"Archived2012-08-23 at theWayback Machineat the Jaume University website, retrieved August 29, 2011
^Web page titled"©The Nobel Prize in Literature 1945/Gabriela Mistral/Biography",at the Nobel Prize website, retrieved September 22, 2010
^^a ^bPaniker, Ayyappa,"Modern Malayalam Literature"chapter in George, K. M., editor,Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology,pp 231–255, published by Sahitya Akademi, 1992, retrieved January 10, 2009

[1] Foster, R. F. (1997).W. B. Yeats: A Life, Vol.1,The Apprentice Mage, 1865-1914.Oxford University Press. p. 509.ISBN 0-19-288085-3.

[2] McDiarmid, Lucy (2014).Poets and the Peacock Dinner: the literary history of a meal.Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-872278-6.

[TDP-3] Cooper, Jeff."Timeline of the Dymock Poets 1911–1916".Friends of the Dymock Poets.Retrieved2023-04-26.

[Bostridge-4] Bostridge, Mark (2014).The Fateful Year: England 1914.London: Penguin UK. pp. 150, 344–6.ISBN 978-0-14-196223-8.

[5] Harvey, Anne (1999).Adlestrop Revisited: an anthology inspired by Edward Thomas's poem.Stroud: Sutton Publishing. pp. 8–11.ISBN 0-7509-2289-3.

[6] Carpenter, Humphrey(2000).J. R. R. Tolkien: A Biography.New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. 79.ISBN 978-0618057023.

[7] Duriez, Colin(2012).J. R. R. Tolkien: The Making of a Legend.Oxford: Lion. pp. 77–9.ISBN 978-0-7459-5514-8.

[pa20cfv-8] Auster, Paul, ed. (1982).The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry; with translations by American and British poets.New York: Random House.ISBN 0-394-52197-8.

[skdhil-9] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^lDas, Sisir Kumar; et al. (1995).History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy.Vol. 2.Sahitya Akademi.ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9.Retrieved2008-12-23.

[gwgcp-10] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^hGarvin, John William, editor,Canadian Poets(anthology), published by McClelland, Goodchild & Stewart, 1916, retrieved via Google Books, June 5, 2009

[mgpiece-11] Gnarowsky, Michael,"Poetry in English, 1918-1960",article inThe Canadian Encyclopedia,retrieved February 8, 2009

[cocel-12] Cox, Michael, ed. (2004).The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature.Oxford University Press.ISBN 0-19-860634-6.

[Mac_Liammoir_1971,_p._83-13] Mac Liammoir, Michael, and Eavan Boland,W. B. Yeats,Thames and Hudson (part of the "Thames and Hudson Literary Lives" series), London, 1971, p. 83

[rmlaal-14] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^gLudwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr.,Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983,1986, New York: Oxford University Press ( "If the title page is one year later than the copyright date, we used the latter since publishers frequently postdate books published near the end of the calendar year." — from the Preface, p vi)

[15] Wallace Stevens (search results),Poetry Magazine Archived2008-02-03 at theWayback Machine.

[16] Vinayak Krishna Gokak,The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965),p 314, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint),ISBN 81-260-1196-3,retrieved August 6, 2010

[h20li-17] Mohan, Sarala Jag,Chapter 4: "Twentieth-Century Gujarati Literature"(Google books link), in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors,Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India,Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996,ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7,retrieved December 10, 2008

[18] [1]Archived2006-10-25 at theWayback MachineDebka, Jill, "Akhmatova: Biographical/Historical Overview" short biographical sketch of Akhmatova, accessed December 8, 2006

[jujsc-19] Web page titled"José Santos Chocano"Archived2012-08-23 at theWayback Machineat the Jaume University website, retrieved August 29, 2011

[20] Web page titled"©The Nobel Prize in Literature 1945/Gabriela Mistral/Biography",at the Nobel Prize website, retrieved September 22, 2010

[apmila-21] Paniker, Ayyappa,"Modern Malayalam Literature"chapter in George, K. M., editor,Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology,pp 231–255, published by Sahitya Akademi, 1992, retrieved January 10, 2009

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