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1989 in video games

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1989 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such asPhantasy Star II,Super Mario Land,Super Monaco GP,along with new titles such asBig Run,Bonk's Adventure,Final Fight,Golden Axe,Strider,Hard Drivin'andTeenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.The year also saw the release of theSega GenesisandTurboGrafx-16in North America, and theGame Boyworldwide along withTetrisandSuper Mario Land.

List of years in video games
+...

The year's highest-grossingarcade gamesin Japan wereNamco'sFinal LapandSega'sTetris,while the highest-grossingarcade video gamesin the United States wereDouble Dragon,Super Off RoadandHard Drivin'among dedicatedarcade cabinetsandCapcom BowlingandNinja Gaidenamongarcade conversionkits. The year's best‑selling home system was theNintendo Entertainment System(Famicom) for the sixth year in a row, while the year's best-selling home video games wereSuper Mario Bros. 3in Japan andRoboCopin the United Kingdom.

Financial performance

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Highest-grossing arcade games

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Japan

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In Japan,the following titles were the highest-grossingarcade gamesof 1989.

Rank Gamest[1] Game Machine[2]
Title Manufacturer Dedicatedarcade cabinet Software conversion kit
1 Tetris Sega Final Lap Tetris(Sega)
2 Winning Run Namco Chase H.Q. World Stadium
3 Super Monaco GP Sega Operation Thunderbolt Truxton
4 Power Drift Sega Winning Run(deluxe) Image Fight
5 Image Fight Irem Out Run(deluxe) Shanghai II
6 Final Lap Namco Top Landing Kyukyoku Tiger(Twin Cobra)f
7 Tenchi wo Kurau Capcom Power Drift(deluxe) Shanghai
8 Ghouls 'n Ghosts Capcom Super Monaco GP(deluxe) Sichuan
9 Turbo OutRun Sega Metal Hawk Birdie Try
10 Chase H.Q. Taito Turbo OutRun Galaga '88

Hong Kong and United Kingdom

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In Hong Kong and the United Kingdom, the following titles were the top-grossing arcade games of each month.

Month Hong Kong(Bondeal) United Kingdom
Dedicated cabinet Conversion kit Ref Title Manufacturer Ref
February Un­known Un­known Strider Capcom [3]
March
April
November Hard Drivin' Burning Force [4] Un­known
December Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Pang [4]
Burning Force [5]

United States

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Inthe United States,the following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games of 1989.

Rank AMOA[6][7] RePlay[8] AMAA[9]
Dedicatedarcade cabinet Conversion kit Dedicated cabinet Conversion kit
1 Double Dragon Capcom Bowling Super Off Road Ninja Gaiden Hard Drivin'
2 Bad Dudes Vs. DragonNinja,
Operation Thunderbolt,
Super Off Road,
John Elway's Quarterback 		Ninja Gaiden,
Shinobi,
Tetris(Atari)
Cabal 		Hard Drivin' Cabal Tetris(Atari)
3 Operation Thunderbolt Golden Axe Cabal,
Crime Fighters,
Chase H.Q.,
Operation Thunderbolt
4 Chase H.Q. WWF Superstars
5 Narc Capcom Bowling
6 — S.T.U.N. Runner,
Super Monaco GP,
Turbo OutRun,
Big Run 		Mechanized Attack,
Midnight Resistance,
Caliber.50
7 Superman,
U.S. Classic
8
9 — —
10 Mechanized Attack,
Midnight Resistance
11

Best-selling home systems

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Rank System(s) Manufacturer Type Generation Sales
Japan USA Europe Korea Worldwide
1 Nintendo Entertainment System Nintendo Console 8-bit 1,520,000[10] 9,200,000[11] 180,000+[12] 20,000[13] 10,920,000+
2 Game Boy Nintendo Handheld 8-bit 1,480,000[10] 1,000,000[11] — — 2,500,000[14]
3 Commodore 64 Commodore Computer 8-bit — — — — 1,250,000[15]
4 PC Engine/TurboGrafx-16 NEC Console 16-bit 920,000[10] 300,000[16] Un­known Un­known 1,220,000+
5 NEC UltraLite/PC-88/PC-98 NEC Computer 8-bit/16-bit 1,030,000[17][18] 115,800+[19] Un­known Un­known 1,145,800+
6 Mega Drive / Genesis Sega Console 16-bit 600,000[10] 500,000[20] — — 1,100,000
7 Macintosh Apple Inc. Computer 16-bit — — — — 1,100,000[15]
8 IBM Personal Computer(IBM PC) IBM Computer 16-bit Un­known 748,600+[19] Un­known Un­known 748,600+
9 Mark III / Master System Sega Console 8-bit 200,000[21] Un­known 350,000[12] 130,000[13] 680,000+
10 Amiga Commodore Computer 16-bit — — — — 600,000[15]

Best-selling home video games

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Japan

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The following titles were the top ten best-selling home video games of 1989 in Japan, according to the annualFamily Computer Magazine(Famimaga) charts.[22]

Rank[22] Title Developer(s) Publisher(s) Genre(s) Sales Platform(s)
1 Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo R&D4 Nintendo Platformer < 3,840,000[23] Famicom
2 Tetris BPS/Nintendo R&D1 BPS/ Nintendo Puzzle Un­known FC/GB
3 Famista '89: Kaimaku Ban! Namco Namco Sports(baseball) Un­known Famicom
4 SD Gundam World Gachapon Senshi 2 Human Entertainment Bandai Strategy
5 Dragon Ball 3: Goku Den TOSE Bandai RPG/card battle < 760,000[24]
6 Mother(EarthBound Beginnings) Ape Inc. Nintendo RPG < 400,000[25][26][27]
7 Kyuukyoku Harikiri Stadium: Heisei Gannenhan Taito Taito Sports(baseball) Un­known
8 Famicom Jump: Hero Retsuden TOSE Bandai Action RPG
9 Famista '90 Namco Sports(baseball) Un­known
10 Family Stadium '88 Namco

United Kingdom

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In the United Kingdom,RoboCopfor theZX Spectrumwas the best-selling home video game of 1989.[28]The following titles were the best-selling home video games of each month in the United Kingdom during 1989.

Month Title Developer Publisher Platform(s) Ref
January Operation Wolf Taito Ocean Software Computers [29]
February [30]
March [31]
April RoboCop Data East Ocean Software 8-bitmicros [32]
May [33]
June [34]
July Computers [35]
August [36]
September Crazy Cars Titus Titus 8-bit micros [37]
October Computers [38]
November Paperboy Atari Games Elite 8-bit micros [39]
December Chase H.Q. Taito Ocean Software Computers [40]
1989 RoboCop Data East Ocean Software ZX Spectrum [28]

United States

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In the United States, the following titles were the best-selling home video games of each month in 1989.

Month Bundle Standalone Platform Ref
January Un­known Super Mario Bros. 2 NES [41][42]
February Super Mario Bros./Duck Hunt[43] [44]
March Un­known [45]
April [46]
May [47]
June [48]
July [49]
August [50]
September [51]
October Super Mario Bros./Duck Hunt[52] [53]
November Un­known Zelda II: The Adventure of Link NES [54]
December Tetris Game Boy [55]

Top-rated games

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Major awards

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Japan and United Kingdom

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Award 3rdGamestAwards
(Japan, December 1989)[56] 		4thFamitsuBest Hit Game Awards
(Japan, February 1990)[57] 		4thFamimagaGame Awards(Japan, February 1990)[58] 7thGolden Joystick Awards
(UK, April 1990)[59]
Arcade Console Famicom Game Boy 8-bitcomputer 16-bitcomputer
Game of the Year Tetris(Sega) Final Fantasy II Tetris The Untouchables Kick Off
Critics' Choice Awards Gain Ground
Image Fight
Super Monaco GP
Winning Run 		Idol Hakkenden(Famicom)
Castlevania III: Dracula's Curse(Famicom)
Gunhed(PC Engine)
Sweet Home(Famicom)
Far East of Eden: Ziria(PCD)
Dragon Ball 3: Goku Den(Famicom)
Pachio-kun 2(Famicom) 		— — — —
Best Coin-Op Conversion — — — — Chase H.Q. Hard Drivin'
Best Game Design / Planning — Daichi-kun Crisis: Do Natural(PC Engine) — — — —
Best Playability — — Final Fantasy II Tetris — —
Best Scenario / Story — Famicom Detective Club 2(Famicom) — — — —
Best Production Strider HiryūI(Strider) — — — — —
Best Graphics Darius II — — — Myth Shadow of the Beast
Best Music / Sound Valkyrie no Densetsu Mother(EarthBound Beginnings) Final Fantasy II Tetris Chase H.Q. Future Wars
Best Game Company Namco — — — Ocean Software
Special Award CP System — — — — —
Best Originality / Original Game — — Final Fantasy II Tetris Populous
Best Character / Character Design Valkyrie(Valkyrie no Densetsu) Quinty(Mendel Palace) SD Gundam World Gachapon Senshi 2 Pinball: 66 Hiki no Wani Daikoushin — —
Best Group Tetris Blocks (Tetris) — — — — —
Best Action Game Strider HiryūI(Strider) Downtown Nekketsu Monogatari(Famicom) — —
Best Shooting Game Area 88 TwinBee 3: Poko Poko Daimaō(Famicom) — —
Best Adventure Game — Yūyūki(Famicom Disk System) — —
Best RPG — Final Fantasy II(Famicom) — —
Best Simulation Game — N/A Carrier Command M1 Tank Platoon
Best Sports Game — Famista '89: Kaimaku Ban!(Famicom) N/A
Best PC Leisure Product — — N/A Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade

United States

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Award Electronic Gaming Monthly
(December 1989)[60] 		VideoGames & Computer Entertainment
(February 1990)[61] 		2ndNintendo PowerAwards
(May/June 1990)[62] 		Computer EntertainerAwards of Excellence
(December 1989)[63]
Console Console Computer Arcade NES Console Computer
Game of the Year Ghouls 'n Ghosts(Sega Genesis) The Legendary Axe(TG16) Populous S.T.U.N. Runner Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles — —
Genesis Game of the Year Thunder Force II(Genesis) — — — Ghouls 'n Ghosts —
Master System Game of the Year Wonder Boy III: The Dragon's Trap — — — — SpellCaster —
Nintendo Game of the Year Ninja Gaiden(NES) — — — Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles(NES) —
TurboGrafx Game of the Year The Legendary Axe(TurboGrafx-16) — — — Dungeon Explorer —
Computer Entertainment
Programs of the Year 		— — — — — — Shadow of the Beast(Amiga)
Prince of Persia(Apple II)
Powerdrome(Atari ST)
Windwalker(C64/C128)
Budokan(DOS)
Cosmic Osmo(Mac)
Best Coin-Op Conversion — Ghouls 'n Ghosts(Genesis) Arkanoid — — — —
Best Multiplayer Game — — — Crime Fighters Tecmo Bowl — —
Best Hardware Sega Genesis — — — — — —
Best Theme / Fun — — — — Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles — —
Best Play Control — — — — Mega Man 2 — —
Most Challenge Phantasy Star(Master System) — — — Ninja Gaiden — —
Best Graphics Ghouls 'n Ghosts(Sega Genesis) Thunder Force II(Genesis) David Wolf — Mega Man 2 — Shadow of the Beast(Amiga)
Best Music / Sound Fighting Street(TurboGrafx-CD) — —
Developer / Software House Sega,Konami,Acclaim,Sunsoft,Tecmo — — — — — —
Best Character / Hero Mega Man(Mega Man 2) — — — Link
(Zelda II: The Adventure of Link) 		— —
Best Sequel Mega Man 2andGhouls 'n Ghosts(tie) — — — — — —
Original / Special / Innovative — A Boy and His Blob(NES) Star Saga One Escape from the Planet
of the Robot Monsters 		— Romance of the Three Kingdoms Populous
Best Action / Combat /
Arcade-Style Game 		— Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
(NES) 		Hostage Dynamite Duke — — Blood Money
Best Adventure / Fantasy — Zelda II:
The Adventure of Link(NES) 		Manhunter:
New York 		— — — The Third Courier
Best RPG Ultima III: Exodus(NES) — — — — — —
Best Simulation Game — Alien Crush(TG16) Vette! — — — Vette!
Best Sports Game World Class Baseball
Tommy Lasorda Baseball
Baseball Simulator 1.000 		Tommy Lasorda Baseball
(Sega Genesis) 		Zany Golf Cyberball — Goal!(NES)
Tommy Lasorda Baseball(GEN) 		TV Sports: Football(Amiga)
John Madden Football(Apple II)
Kings of the Beach(C64)
Grave Yardage(MS-DOS)
PlayMaker Football(Mac)
Best Driving Simulator — — — Hard Drivin' — — —
Best Flying Game — — — Metal Hawk — — —
Best Strategy / Wargame — A Boy and his Blob(NES) SimCity — — — Sands of Fire
Best Action-Strategy Game — Mega Man 2(NES) Lords of the
Rising Sun 		— — — —
Best Video Game Controller Joycard Sansui SSS — — — — — —
Coolest Boss / Best Group Loki(Ghouls 'n Ghosts)
Jagu (The Legendary Axe) 		— — — — — —
Best Movie to Game Batman: The Video Game — — — — — —
Best Ending in a Video Game Ninja Gaiden — — — Ninja Gaiden — —

Critically acclaimed titles

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FamitsuandCVGreviews

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In Japan, the following 1989 video game releases enteredFamitsumagazine's "Platinum Hall of Fame" for receivingFamitsu scoresof at least 35 out of 40.[64]

Title Platform Score (out of 40) Developer(s) Publisher Genre
Makai Toushi SaGa(Final Fantasy Legend) Game Boy 35 Squaresoft Squaresoft Role-playing
Ys I & II PC Engine CD-ROM² 35 Nihon Falcom/Alfa System Hudson Soft Action role-playing

In the United Kingdom, the following titles wereComputer and Video Games(CVG) magazine's highest-rated games of 1989.[65]

Home video games Arcade games
Title Platform Score Rank Title
Chase H.Q. ZX Spectrum 97% 1 S.T.U.N. Runner
Super Mario Bros. 2 Nintendo Entertainment System 97% 2 Super Monaco GP
Indianapolis 500: The Simulation PC 96% 3 Winning Run
Populous Amiga 96% 4 Hard Drivin'
Ghouls 'n Ghosts Sega Mega Drive 96% 5 Narc
F29 Retaliator Amiga 96% — —
Gunhed(Blazing Lazers) PC Engine
Xenon 2: Megablast Amiga
It Came from the Desert Amiga 95%
Damocles Atari ST
Tetris Game Boy
RoboCop ZX Spectrum

English-language reviews

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Notable video game releases in 1989 that have accumulated overall critical acclaim from at least four contemporary English-language sources include:

Title Genre Publisher Platform Number of reviews
Apache 3 Rail shooter Data East Arcade 4[66]
Arthur: The Quest for Excalibur Interactive fiction Infocom Amiga 8[67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74]
Big Run Racing Jaleco Arcade 4[66]
Blazing Lazers Shoot 'em up Hudson Soft TurboGrafx-16 4[75][76][77][78]
Chase H.Q. Action-racing Ocean Software ZX Spectrum 5[79][80][81][82][83]
Chase HQ II: Special Criminal Investigation Action-racing Taito Arcade 6[66]
Crack Down Run & gun shooter Sega Arcade 5[66]
Dragon Breed Scrolling shooter Irem Arcade 6[66]
Dungeon Explorer Action role-playing Hudson Soft TurboGrafx-16 4[84][85][86][87]
Dynasty Wars Beat 'em up Capcom Arcade 4[66]
F-16 Combat Pilot Combat flight simulation Digital Integration Amiga 7[88][89][90][91][92][93][94]
Atari ST 4[93][95][96][97]
DOS 4[93][98][95][96]
Forgotten Worlds Shoot 'em up U.S. Gold Amiga 6[99][100][101][102][103][104]
Commodore 64 5[99][100][101][103][105]
ZX Spectrum 5[100][101][106][107][108]
Ghouls 'n Ghosts Platformer Capcom Arcade 6[66]
Sega Mega Drive/Genesis 10[109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118]
U.S. Gold Amiga 4[119][120][121][122]
Golden Axe Beat 'em up Sega Arcade 6[123][124][125][126][127]
Mega Drive/Genesis 10[128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137]
Hard Drivin' Racing simulation Atari Games Arcade 5[66]
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade: The Graphic Adventure Graphic adventure Lucasfilm Games DOS 4[138][139][140][141]
Interphase Shooter Image Works Atari ST 5[142][143][144][145][146]
Amiga 9[144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152]
Mechanized Attack Rail shooter SNK Arcade 4[66]
Midnight Resistance Run & gun shooter Data East Arcade 4[66]
Myth: History in the Making Platformer System 3 Commodore 64 4[153][154][155][156]
Ninja Gaiden(Shadow Warriors) Beat 'em up Tecmo Arcade 4[66]
Ninja Gaiden(Shadow Warriors) Hack & slash Tecmo NES 5[157][158][159][160][161]
Operation Thunderbolt Light gun shooter Taito Arcade 5[66]
Phantasy Star II Role-playing Sega Mega Drive/Genesis 8[162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169]
Populous God Electronic Arts Amiga 9[170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178]
The Revenge of Shinobi Hack & slash Sega Mega Drive/Genesis 10[84][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187]
R-Type II Shoot 'em up Irem Arcade 6[188][189][190][191][192][193]
SimCity City-building Maxis Amiga 7[194][195][196][197][198][199][200]
Strider Hack & slash Capcom Arcade 5[66]
U.S. Gold Amiga 4[201][202][203][204]
Atari ST 7[201][202][203][204][205][206][207]
Stunt Car Racer Racing MicroStyle Amiga 7[208][209][210][211][212][213][214]
Atari ST 7[213][215][216][217][218][219][220]
Commodore 64 4[221][208][222][209]
Super Mario Land Platformer Nintendo Game Boy 4[223][224][225][226]
Super Monaco GP Racing simulation Sega Arcade 5[66]
The Untouchables Action-adventure Ocean Software Amiga 4[227][228][229][230]
Atari ST 4[231][232][233][234]
ZX Spectrum 4[235][236][237][238]
Willow Platformer Capcom Arcade 4[66]
Winning Run Racing simulation Namco Arcade 4[66]
Wonder Boy III: The Dragon's Trap Platform-adventure Sega Master System 10[239][240][241][242][243][244][245][246][247][248]
Xenon 2: Megablast Shoot 'em up Image Works Amiga 8[249][250][251][252][253][254][255][256]
Atari ST 7[257][249][250][251][258][252][259]
Ys: The Vanished Omens Action role-playing Sega Master System 7[260][261][262][263][264][265][266]
Ys I & II Action role-playing Hudson Soft TurboGrafx-CD 7[267][268][269][270][271][272][273]

Events

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Hardware releases

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The originalGame Boy.

Game releases

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Business

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  1. Nintendo sues Tengen over theTetrisvideo game copyrights. Tengen loses and recalls all itsTetrisgames.
  2. In November, Nintendo sues Tengen over production of unlicensed Nintendo games. Tengen loses. (Tengen originally sued Nintendo on December 12, 1988, for antitrust violations.)
  • Nintendo v.CamericaLtd. Nintendo sues Camerica over patent violations of theGame Geniefor theNESconsole. Camerica wins the suit.
  • UK publisherMartechgoes out of business.

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Đệ ３ hồi ゲーメスト đại thưởng 〜 インカム bộ môn ベスト10"[3rd Gamest Awards – Income Category: Best 10].Gamest(in Japanese). Vol. 41 (February 1990). December 27, 1989. pp. 49–79 (79).alternate url
  2. ^"Videos of The Year;" Tetris "," Chase H.Q. ""(PDF).Game Machine(in Japanese). No. 372.Amusement Press, Inc.January 15, 1990. p. 26.
  3. ^"Capcom: A Captive Audience".The Games Machine.No. 19 (June 1989). United Kingdom:Newsfield.May 18, 1989. pp. 24–5.
  4. ^ab"The Bondeal Chart".RePlay.Vol. 15, no. 4. January 1990. p. 148.
  5. ^"The Bondeal Chart".RePlay.Vol. 15, no. 5. February 1990. p. 90.
  6. ^"AMOA Jukebox, Games & Cigarette Vending Awards Winners".Cash Box.Cash Box Pub. Co. September 30, 1989. p. 36.
  7. ^"Coin Machine: AMOA Games Awards Nominees Announced".Cash Box.July 29, 1989. p. 25.
  8. ^"Special Report: 1989's Best Videos and Pins".RePlay.Vol. 15, no. 4. January 1990. pp. 44, 46, 4.
  9. ^"ACME Awards: AAMA Achievement Awards".RePlay.Vol. 15, no. 7. April 1990. p. 94.
  10. ^abcdTiểu xuyên (Ogawa), thuần sinh (Sumio) (December 14, 2010)."テレビゲーム cơ の変 thiên —ファミコン, スーパーファミコン, プレステ, プレステ2, Wiiまで—"[Recent Developments in Video Game Technology in Japan — Famicom, Super Famicom, Play Station, Play Station 2 and Wii —](PDF).Kinh 営 luận tập (Keiei Ronshū)(in Japanese) (77) (published March 2011): 1-17 (2).ISSN0286-6439.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on July 25, 2015.RetrievedDecember 6,2021– via Toyo University Academic Information Repository (Toyo University).
  11. ^abRamirez, Anthony (December 8, 1990)."Waiting for the Zapping of Nintendo".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedDecember 9,2021.
  12. ^ab"Europe: consoles contre micros"[Europe: consoles against microphones].Tilt(in French). p. 23.
  13. ^ab게임월드[Game World] (in Korean). 1994.
  14. ^"Asiaweek".Asiaweek.1991. p. 2.Introduced in 1989, Game Boy sold2.5 millionunits that year and10 millionin 1990.
  15. ^abcReimer, Jeremy (December 15, 2005)."Total share: 30 years of personal computer market share figures".Ars Technica.Archivedfrom the original on June 7, 2012.RetrievedNovember 27,2021.
  16. ^Rothstein, Edward (April 26, 1990)."Electronics Notebook; Adventures in Never-Never Land".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedDecember 9,2021.
  17. ^Methe, David; Mitchell, Will; Miyabe, Junichiro; Toyama, Ryoko (January 1998)."Overcoming a Standard Bearer: Challenges to NEC's Personal Computer in Japan".Research Papers in Economics (RePEc):35 – viaResearchGate.
  18. ^Ozsomer, Aysegul (1993). "The Japanese Personal Computer Market".A Dynamic Analysis of Entry Rates in the Global Personal Computer Industry.Michigan State University(Department of Marketing and Logistics). p. 36.Traditionally, dominated by Japanese vendors, the market had reached 2.5 million units in 1989, and 3.3 million units in 1991 (Dataquest Inc.)
  19. ^ab"Amid industry pessiminism, micro sales rose".Computerworld.Vol. 24, no. 2.IDG Enterprise.January 8, 1990. p. 34.ISSN0010-4841.
  20. ^"Sega woos teen video players with new system".The Beaver County Times.January 4, 1991. p. A4.RetrievedDecember 19,2021.
  21. ^Tanaka, Tatsuo (August 2001).Network Externality and Necessary Software Statistics(PDF).Statistics Bureau of Japan.p. 2.
  22. ^ab"グーム mại thượng ベスト10"[Best 10 Game Sales].Family Computer Magazine(in Japanese).Tokuma Shoten.February 23, 1990. p. 133.
  23. ^"Japan Platinum Game Chart".The Magic Box.Archived fromthe originalon August 10, 2011.RetrievedMarch 15,2021.
  24. ^"Dragon Ball Video Game Data".Dragon Ball 30th Anniversary: Super History Book.Shueisha.2016. p. 216.ISBN978-4-08-792505-0.
  25. ^"Mother".Hardcore Gaming 101.January 8, 2011.RetrievedMarch 15,2021.
  26. ^Baumann, Ken (2014).EarthBound: Boss Fight Books #1.Boss Fight Books.ISBN978-1-940535-00-5.
  27. ^Consalvo, Mia (April 8, 2016).Atari to Zelda: Japan's Videogames in Global Contexts.MIT Press.p. 57.ISBN978-0-262-03439-5.
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  43. ^Provenzo, Eugene F. (1991).Video Kids: Making Sense of Nintendo.Harvard University Press.p. 12.ISBN978-0-674-93709-3.For February 1989, 16 of the 20 top selling toys in the country were video games or video game-related. These included:
    1.Action Set(Nintendo of America)
    2.Power Set(Nintendo of America)
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  52. ^Karp, Abby (December 11, 1989)."Top Of The Toybox: Nintendo zaps competition as year's top toy".The Palm Beach Post.p. 71.RetrievedSeptember 13,2021.The larger Nintendo Action Set ($100), which hooks up to a monitor, topped the Toy and Hobby World magazine's list of October's bestsellers.
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