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TheAlphonso mangois a namedmango cultivarthat originated inIndia.[2]
| Mangifera'Alphonso' | |
|---|---|
 Alphonso mangoes | |
| Genus | Mangifera |
| Species | Mangifera indica |
| Cultivar | 'Alphonso' |
| Marketing names | Hapus[1] |
| Origin | India |
Origin
editThe variety is named afterAfonso de Albuquerque,a distinguishedmilitarianandviceroyofPortuguese Indiafrom 1509 to 1515.[2]Jesuitmissionaries introducedgraftingon mango trees inPortuguese Goa,to produce varieties like Alphonso.[3]In 1563,Garcia da Ortawrote of Alphonsos grown inPortuguese Bombay,which were to be presented to the governor (viceroy) in Goa.[4]Alphonso is also one of the most expensive varieties of mango,[2]and is grown mainly in theKonkan regionof western India.[5][6][7]and also grown in theValsadandNavsaridistricts of SouthGujarat.[8]
Description
editThe Alphonso mango is a seasonal fruit harvested from mid-April through the end of June.[2]The time from flowering to harvest is about 90 days, while the time from harvest to ripening is about 15 days.[9]The fruits generally weigh between 150 and 300 grams (5.3 and 10.6 oz), have a rich, creamy, tender texture and delicate, non-fibrous, juicy pulp.[10]As the fruit matures, the skin of an Alphonso mango turns golden-yellow with a tinge of red across the top of the fruit.[10]
Culinary
editMangosorbet,ice cream,lassi,soufflé,mousse,andpureeare some culinary preparations using Alphonso mangoes.
Trade
editThe Alphonso is prized in domestic and international markets for its taste, fragrance and vibrant color.[2]It is exported to various countries, includingJapan,KoreaandEurope.[11]
Import bans
editAn import ban imposed in 1989 by theUnited Stateson Indian mangoes, including the Alphonso, was lifted in April 2007.[12]However, the mangoes needed to be treated before entering the country in order to stop the introduction of non-nativefruit flies,destructive fungi, and other pests that could harm American agriculture. TheEuropean Unionimposed a ban beginning in April 2014 on import of mangoes after finding "non-European fruit flies" in some consignments, creating a significant threat toUKsalad crops.[13]The Indian government had described this decision as arbitrary and businesses claimed they would suffer financial losses due to the ban.
In January 2015, theEuropean Commissionlifted the ban following significant improvements in the Indian mango export system.[14]
References
edit- ^Aaditi Shah (4 June 2018)."The Story of Alphonso Mangoes".livehistoryindia.
- ^abcde Sukhadwala, Sejal (27 April 2012)."Do you know Alphonso mango?".The Guardian.
- ^Alvares, Patricia Ann (15 April 2019)."The Jesuits and the Mango".The Times of India.
- ^Vikram Doctor (10 June 2017)."How India's mango diplomacy has been winning friends and foes over the years".The Economic Times.Retrieved4 January2023.
- ^ Nagpaul, Dipti (15 May 2014)."The king at your doorstep".Indianexpress.com.
- ^ Bhavika Jain (25 Apr 2017)."Alphonsoes from Devgad and Sindhudurg get GI tag".Times Of India.
- ^"Geographical indicator approved for Devgad Alphonso".DNA India. 7 Jun 2016.
- ^Thomas, Melvyn Reggie; Bhatt, Himansshu (June 7, 2017)."Gujarat: South Gujarat produces 180 varieties of mangoes".The Times of India.Retrieved2022-05-28.
- ^Deshpande, Ashish B.; Anamika, Krishanpal; Jha, Vineet; et al. (2017-08-18)."Transcriptional transitions in Alphonso mango (Mangifera indicaL.) during fruit development and ripening explain its distinct aroma and shelf life characteristics ".Scientific Reports.7(1): 8711.doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08499-5.ISSN2045-2322.PMC5562913.PMID28821734.
- ^abSubramanian, Sarmishta (5 May 2010)."The king of mangoes".Macleans, Rogers Media.Retrieved24 March2011.
- ^"GI tag for Konkan Alphonso".The Times of India.6 October 2018.Retrieved8 October2018.
- ^"Indo-US Trade in Wheat and Mango: A Game-Theoretic Approach to SPS Standards"(PDF).Iimahd.ernet.in. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2015-04-09.Retrieved2015-06-25.
- ^Sinha K (18 May 2015)."Alphonso mango makes a comeback in UK after 7-month ban".The Times of India.Retrieved26 May2016.
- ^"Alphonso mangoes: EU lifts ban on Indian mango imports".The Independent, Independent Digital News & Media, London, UK. 20 January 2016.Archivedfrom the original on 2015-01-22.Retrieved26 May2016.
