Dame Angela EagleDBE(born 17 February 1961) is a BritishLabour Partypolitician serving as theMember of Parliament(MP) forWallaseysince1992.Eagle has served asMinister of State for Border Security and Asylumsince July 2024.[1][2]
Eagle served as theMinister of StateforPensions and Ageing Societyfrom June 2009 until May 2010. Eagle waselected to the Shadow Cabinetin October 2010 and was appointed byEd Milibandto beShadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury.[3][4]
In October 2011, she was appointedShadow Leader of the House of Commonswhen Miliband reshuffledhis Shadow Cabinet.She was appointed as bothDeputy Leader of the OppositionandShadow Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skillsin September 2015 inJeremy Corbyn'sfirst Shadow Cabinet.Sheresignedfrom the Shadow Cabinet in June 2016. Eagle announced aleadership challengeto Labour Party leaderJeremy Corbynon 11 July 2016, but eight days later she withdrew leavingOwen Smithto challenge Corbyn for the leadership.[5]
Early life and career
editAngela Eagle was born on 17 February 1961 inBridlington,the daughter of Shirley (née Kirk), a factory worker, and André Eagle, a print worker.[6][7]She was educated at St Peter's C of E Primary School andFormby High School.[8]In 1976, Eagle was joint winner of the British Girls' Under-18 chess championship.[9]She studiedphilosophy, politics, and economicsatSt John's College, Oxford,graduating from the university with a second-classBachelor of Artsdegree in 1983.[10]While at Oxford, she was chairwoman of the Oxford UniversityFabian Society.[11]
In 1984, after graduating from Oxford, Eagle worked in the economic directorate of theConfederation of British Industry(CBI), before joining theConfederation of Health Service Employees(COHSE) trade union where she held a number of positions. She was elected secretary for theConstituency Labour PartyinPeckhamfor two years from 1989.
Political career
editParliamentary career
editEagle was elected to Parliament as MP forWallaseyat the1992 general election,winning with 48.9% of the vote and a majority of 3,809.[12][13]Allegations were made about irregularities in her selection as parliamentary candidate, including the exclusion of a local favourite from the shortlist of candidates, and in the vote count itself.[14]
She became a member of the EmploymentSelect committeein 1994.
Eagle was re-elected as MP for Wallasey at the1997 general electionwith an increased vote share of 64.6% and an increased majority of 19,074.[15]She was again re-elected at the2001 general election,with a decreased vote share of 60.8% and a decreased majority of 12,276.[16]
As a backbencher, Eagle joined theTreasury Select Committeein January 2003.[17]She voted in favour of the U.S.-ledinvasion of Iraqin 2003, and repeatedly against investigating it in 2003, 2006, and 2007.[18]
At the2005 general election,Eagle was again re-elected with a decreased vote share of 54.8% and a decreased majority of 9,109.[19]
In April 2008 Eagle took part in a debate in Parliament on the UK economy in which theLiberal Democratstabled a motion suggesting that the country was facing an "extremebubble in the housing market"and the" risk ofrecession".Eagle responded," Fortunately for all of us… that colourful and lurid fiction has no real bearing on the macro-economic reality. "[20]A year laterJeremy Browne,who led the original debate, said her comments "summed up the Government's delusional attitude" towards warnings of financial crisis.[21]
Eagle was again re-elected at the2010 general electionwith a decreased vote share of 51.8% and a decreased majority of 8,507.[22][23]
In April 2011, Eagle was put down in theHouse of Commonsby Prime MinisterDavid Cameronwhen he usedMichael Winner's catchphrase "Calm down, dear". Eagle's colleague,deputy Labour leaderHarriet Harman,said: "Women in Britain in the 21st century do not expect to be told to 'calm down, dear' by their Prime Minister", with Labour officials calling for an apology, suggesting the remark was patronising and sexist.[24][25]
In May 2012, Eagle became chair of the Labour Party'sNational Policy Forum[26]and served as chair of the party'sNational Executive Committee2013–14.[27]
In June 2012, Eagle criticisedTake ThatsingerGary Barlowin the House of Commons following newspaper allegations oftax avoidancemade against him. Eagle criticised his recent appointment as anOBE,and claimed in the House of Commons that Barlow had "given a whole new meaning to the phrase 'Take That'," as well as questioning why Prime MinisterDavid Cameronhad not criticised Barlow publicly in the same way he had criticised comedianJimmy Carrfor tax avoidance.[28]
At the2015 general election,Eagle was again re-elected, with an increased vote share of 60.4% and an increased majority of 16,348.[29][30]She was again re-elected at the snap2017 general electionwith an increased vote share of 71.5% and an increased majority of 23,320.[31]At the2019 general election,Eagle was again re-elected, with a decreased vote share of 64.3% and a decreased majority of 18,322.[32]She was again re-elected at the2024 general electionwith a decreased vote share of 57.7% and a decreased majority of 17,996.[33][34]
In November 2024, Eagle voted in favour of theTerminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill,which proposes to legaliseassisted suicide.[35]
Blair government ministry
editEagle was promoted byTony Blairin 1996 to the position of anOpposition Whip.
Following the1997 general election,Eagle was as theParliamentary Under-Secretary of Stateat theDepartment for the Environment, Transport and the Regions,moving to theDepartment of Social Securityin 1998.
Following the2001 general election,she succeededMike O'Brienas an Under-Secretary of State at theHome Office.However, she was sacked by Blair in 2002, reportedly in error, and replaced byLord Filkin.[36][37]
Brown government ministry
editEagle returned to the government underGordon Brownon 29 June 2007 asExchequer Secretary to the Treasury,the most junior minister atHM Treasury.She was promoted toMinister of Stateat theDepartment for Work and Pensionsin the June 2009 reshuffle.
Miliband shadow ministry
editFollowingEd Miliband's accession toLeader of the Labour Partyafter the2010 general election,Eagle was elected to hisshadow cabinetand was subsequently appointed to theChief Secretary to the Treasurybriefing, shadowingDanny Alexander.
In the October 2011 reshuffle, Eagle becameShadow Leader of the House of Commons.[38]
Deputy leadership election
edit
Following the resignation of Miliband and deputyHarriet Harmanfollowing Labour's defeat at the2015 general election,Eagle stood in theLabour Party deputy leadership election.[39][40]
Eagle was nominated by 32Constituency Labour Partiesand trade unionsUNISON,[41]CWU,TSSA,andUCATT[41]and received joint support fromUnitefor her and fellow candidateTom Watson.[42]Eagle came fourth to eventual winner Tom Watson, with 16.2% in the first round, and was eliminated in the second round on 17.9% of the vote.[43]
Corbyn shadow cabinet
editFollowing the leadership election, Labour Party leaderJeremy Corbynappointed Eagle asShadow First Secretary of StateandShadow Business Secretaryin September 2015.[44]
Angela Eagle resigned from these positions on 27 June 2016 in themass resignationof the Shadow Cabinet in the wake of the vote for Leave in the2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum.[45]Eagle had campaigned for the Remain side in the referendum.
Leadership challenge
editFollowing the28 June 2016 vote of no confidenceby Labour MPs inJeremy Corbyn's leadership, Eagle was reported as considering a challenge for the leadership of the Labour Party, and said she would do so if Corbyn did not resign.[46][47]Eagle asserted that: "I'm not a Blairite. I'm not a Brownite... I am my own woman, a strong Labour woman."[48]George Eatonof theNew Statesmanreported that backers of the other potential challenger,Owen Smith,contended that Eagle's 2003 vote in support for theIraq Warand her support for extending airstrikes against ISIS into Syria (in December 2015) might harm her bid against Corbyn,[49][50]Gary YoungeofThe Guardianthought it was less clear what Eagle wanted in place of Corbyn's politics.[51]
Eagle announced a leadership challenge to Corbyn on 11 July, saying that "Jeremy Corbynis unable to provide the leadership this huge task needs. I believe I can ".[52]On Tuesday 19 July 2016, Eagle announced she was withdrawing from the leadership election and would back the other candidate opposing Corbyn,Owen Smith,who had received about 20 more nominations from MPs and MEPs than she had. "We need to have a strong and united party so we can be a good opposition, take the fight to the Conservative Government and heal our country. So I am announcing that I will be supporting Owen in that endeavour with all my enthusiasm and might," Eagle said in an interview.[5]
Eagle's Constituency Labour Party in Wallasey were in favour of Corbyn remaining party leader and called upon Eagle to support Corbyn as leader.[53][54]Her local party in Wallasey declared their support for Jeremy Corbyn as party leader "with an overwhelming majority" and proposed a vote of no-confidence in Eagle.[55]This did not take place as the NEC decided to suspend all Labour constituency party meetings during the leadership election.[56]With the support of Eagle, Wallasey Constituency Labour Party was suspended on 20 July 2016 over claims of bullying.[57]An internal Labour Party investigation concerning complaints about incidents in Eagle's Constituency Labour Party and other events during her leadership campaign reported in October 2016. It confirmed that she had received homophobic abuse during a CLP annual general meeting earlier in the year.[58]Pro-Corbyn activists strongly deny these accusations.[59]
The day following her declaration a brick was thrown through a downstairs window at her constituency office address, and it was reported that her staff had stopped answering the telephones because of "abusive" calls. Eagle herself claimed to have received hundreds of abusive and homophobic messages at this time.[60]It emerged on 21 July that the police had advised Eagle not to hold any open constituency surgeries over fears for her safety, advice which she has agreed to follow with regret.[61][62]"It’s highly likely that the brick thrown through the window of Angela Eagle’s office was related to her leadership challenge". According to an internal party report, "[t]he position of the window made it very unlikely that this was" an action of "a random passerby" and it "was directly between two Labour offices". The claim "that the building was occupied by many companies and the window was in an unrelated stairwell" was judged to be misleading as "the landlord had a number of companies registered there; in fact the only other occupant is the landlord on the upper floor".[60]
Personal life
editEagle was joined in theHouse of Commonsat the 1997 general election by her twin sister,Maria Eagle.[n 1]The Eagles are one of two pairs of sisters in the Commons, as of 2017, the other beingRachelandEllie Reeves.They are identical twins.[64]
Eagle is alesbian,coming outin a newspaper interview in September 1997.[65][66]She is the second openly lesbian MP, afterMaureen Colquhounin the 1970s.[67]In September 2008, Eagle entered into acivil partnershipwithMaria Exall[68][69]who is also involved in the Labour Party through theNational Committee.[70]
She is an honorary associate of theNational Secular Society.[71]
Eagle was appointedDame Commander of the Order of the British Empire(DBE) in the2021 New Year Honoursfor parliamentary and political service.[72]
Notes
edit- ^They are sometimes incorrectly described as the first pair of twins to sit in the Commons together, but in fact the first set of twins is believed to have beenJamesandRichard Grenville,who sat together forBuckinghambetween 1774 and 1780.[63]
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External links
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