Wikipedia

Anne McCaffrey

For the Canadian swimmer, seeAnne Marie McCaffrey.

Anne Inez McCaffrey(1 April 1926 – 21 November 2011)[2][3]was an American writer known for theDragonriders of Pernscience fiction series. She was the first woman to win aHugo Awardfor fiction (Best Novella,Weyr Search,1968) and the first to win aNebula Award(Best Novella,Dragonrider,1969). Her 1978 novelThe White Dragonbecame one of the first science-fiction books to appear on theNew York TimesBest Seller list.

Anne McCaffrey
Anne McCaffrey Author Photo
Anne McCaffrey Author Photo
BornAnne Inez McCaffrey
(1926-04-01)1 April 1926
Cambridge, Massachusetts,U.S.
Died21 November 2011(2011-11-21)(aged 85)
Dragonhold-Underhill,County Wicklow,Ireland[1]
OccupationWriter
NationalityAmerican & Irish (naturalised citizen)
Period1965–2011
GenreScience fiction, romance
Notable worksRestoree,Dragonriders of Pern,The Ship Who Sang
SpouseHorace Wright Johnson (divorced)
Children3, includingTodd
Website
pernhome.com/aim

In 2005 theScience Fiction and Fantasy Writers of Americanamed McCaffrey its 22ndGrand Master,an annual award to living writers of fantasy and science fiction.[4][5]She was inducted by theScience Fiction Hall of Fameon 17 June 2006.[6][7][8]She also received theRobert A. Heinlein Awardfor her work in 2007.[9]

Life and career

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Anne McCaffrey was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the second of three children of Anne Dorothy (née McElroy) and Col. George Herbert McCaffrey. She had two brothers: Hugh ( "Mac", died 1988) and Kevin Richard McCaffrey ( "Kevie" ).[10][11]Her father had Irish and English ancestry, and her mother was of Irish descent.[12]She attendedStuart Hall(a girls'boarding schoolinStaunton, Virginia),[13]and graduated fromMontclair High SchoolinMontclair, New Jersey.[14]In 1947 she graduatedcum laudefromRadcliffe Collegewith a degree inSlavonic languagesand Literature.[10]

In 1950 she married Horace Wright Johnson (died 2009),[15]who shared her interests in music, opera and ballet.[16]They had three children: Alec Anthony, born 1952; Todd, born 1956; and Georgeanne ( "Gigi", Georgeanne Kennedy), born 1959.[10]

Except for a short time inDüsseldorf,the family lived for most of a decade inWilmington, Delaware.They moved toSea Cliff, Long Islandin 1965, and McCaffrey became a full-time writer.[17]

McCaffrey served a term as secretary-treasurer of theScience Fiction Writers of Americafrom 1968 to 1970. In addition to handcrafting the Nebula Award trophies, her responsibilities included production of two monthly newsletters and their distribution by mail to the membership.[18]

McCaffrey emigrated to Ireland with her two younger children in 1970, weeks after filing for divorce. Ireland had recently exempted resident artists from income taxes, an opportunity that fellow science-fiction authorHarry Harrisonhad promptly taken and helped to promote. McCaffrey's mother soon joined the family inDublin.[19]The following spring, McCaffrey was guest of honour at her first British science-fiction convention (Eastercon22, 1971). There she met British reproductive biologistJack Cohen,[20]who would be a consultant on the science of Pern.[21]

Writer

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McCaffrey had had two short stories published during the 1950s. The first ( "Freedom of the Race", about women impregnated by aliens) was written in 1952 when she was pregnant with her son Alec. It earned a $100 prize inScience-Fiction Plus.[22]Her second story, "The Lady in the Tower", was published inThe Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fictionby editorRobert P. Millsand published again by editorJudith MerrilforThe Year's Greatest Science Fiction.[a]McCaffrey said "she thought of the story when wishing herself alone, like a lady in an ivory tower".[23]

Judith Merril matched McCaffrey with her long-time literary agentVirginia Kiddand invited her to theMilford Writer's Workshop(to which she returned many times), where participants each brought a story to be critiqued.[24]After her first Milford workshop in 1959 she worked on "The Ship Who Sang", the story which began the Brain & Brawn Ship series. At the story's end, the spaceship Helva sings "Taps"for her human partner. Decades later, McCaffrey's son Todd called it" almost an elegy to her father ".[25]In interviews between 1994 and 2004, she considered it her best story and her favourite.[26][27][28][29]"I put much of myself into it: myself and the troubles I had in accepting my father's death [1954] and a troubled marriage."[27]

McCaffrey then wrote two more "Ship" stories and began her first novel. Regarding her motivation forRestoree(1967), her son recalled her saying, "I was sotiredof all the weak women screaming in the corner while their boyfriends were beating off the aliens. I wouldn't have been—I'd've been in there swinging with something or kicking them as hard as I could ".[30]McCaffrey explained that it did not require a sequel; it "served its purpose of an intelligent, survivor-type woman as the protagonist of an s-f story".[31]

Regarding her 1969Decision at Doona(which she dedicated "ToTodd Johnson—of course! "), her son recalled that he was directed to lower his voice in hisfourth-gradeschool play when his mother was in the auditorium. That inspired the Doona story, which opens on "an overcrowded planet where just talking too loud made you a social outcast".[32]As a settler on Doona, the boy talker has a priceless talent.

McCaffrey made a fast start inIreland,completing for 1971 publicationDragonquestand two Gothic novels forDell,The Mark of MerlinandThe Ring of Fear.[33][34]With a contract forThe White Dragon(which would complete the "original trilogy" with Ballantine), her writing stalled. During the next few years the family moved several times in the Dublin area and struggled to make ends meet, supported largely by child-care payments and meager royalties.[35]

The young-adult book market provided a crucial opportunity. EditorRoger Elwoodsought short contributions for anthologies, and McCaffrey started the Pern story of Menolly. She delivered "The Smallest Dragonboy" for $154, and four stories which later becameThe Crystal Singer.[36]Futura Publications in London signed her to write books aboutdinosaursfor children.[37]EditorJean E. KarlatAtheneum Bookssought to attract more female readers to science fiction and solicited "a story for young women in a different part of Pern". McCaffrey completed Menolly's story asDragonsongand contracted for a sequel before its publication in 1976. The tales of Menolly are continued inDragonsinger:Harper of Pern,andDragondrumsas the "Harper Hall Trilogy".[38]With a contract with Atheneum she was able to buy a home (named "Dragonhold" for the dragons who bought it).[39]Her son wrote, 20 years later, that she "first set dragons free on Pern and then was herself freed by her dragons."[40]

Dragons

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The first Pern story, "Weyr Search", was published in 1967 byJohn W. CampbellinAnalog Science Fiction and Fact.It won the 1968Hugo Awardfor best novella, voted by participants in the annualWorld Science Fiction Convention.[4]The second Pern story, "Dragonrider", won the 1969Nebula Awardfor best novella, voted annually by theScience Fiction Writers of America.[4]Thus she was the first woman to win a Hugo for fiction[8]and the first to win a Nebula.[41]

"Weyr Search" covers the recruitment of a young woman, Lessa, to establish a telepathic bond with a queen dragon at its hatching, thus becoming a dragonrider and the leader of a Weyr community. "Dragonrider" explores the growth of the queen dragon Ramoth, and the training of Lessa and Ramoth. Editor Campbell requested "to see dragons fighting thread [the menace from space]", and also suggestedtime travel;McCaffrey incorporated both suggestions. The third story, "Crack Dust, Black Dust", was not separately published, but the first Pern novel (Dragonflight,published byBallantine Booksin 1968) was afix-upof all three.[42]

Agent Virginia Kidd and editorBetty Ballantineprovided advice and assistance for its sequelDragonquest.It was almost complete (and the contract for another sequel signed) before the 1970 move to Ireland. Both Ballantine and fellow writerAndre Nortonmade suggestions for the mutant white dragon.[43]

Readers waited a long time for the completion of the original trilogy. Progress was not made until 1974–1975, when theNew England Science Fiction Associationinvited McCaffrey to its annual convention (Boskone) as guest of honour (which included publication of a novella for sale on-site). She wroteA Time When,which would become the first part ofThe White Dragon.[b]

The White Dragonwas released with new editions of the first two Pern books, with cover art illustrated byMichael Whelan.It was the first science-fiction book by a woman on theNew York Timesbest-seller list, and the cover painting is still in print from Whelan. The artists share credit for their career breakthroughs.[c][d]

Collaborations

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McCaffrey said of her collaborations with sonTodd McCaffreyandElizabeth Ann Scarborough,"While I would dearly love to have the energy to tell a tale all on my own, I really cannot say that I am not ably represented with my collaborations". In the Pern collaboration with Todd, she was mainly "making suggestions or being a sounding board".[15]McCaffrey also gave Todd and his sister Gigi permission to write their own stories set in the Pern universe.[29]

McCaffrey collaborated with authorMercedes Lackeyto writeThe Ship Who Searched,the third of seven books in the Brain & Brawn Ship series by McCaffrey and four other authors. She wrote two books in thePlanet Piratestrilogy withElizabeth Moon

Death

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McCaffrey died at age 85 on 21 November 2011 at her home in Ireland, following a stroke.[44]

Books

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Main article:Anne McCaffrey bibliography

Classification

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In August 1987,Locus: The magazine of the science fiction & fantasy fieldranked two of the eight extant Pern novels among the "All-Time Best Fantasy Novels", based on a poll of subscribers;Dragonflightwas 9th andThe White Dragon23rd.[45]Commenting on theLocuslist,David Pringlecalled them "arguably science fiction rather than fantasy proper"[46]and named McCaffrey a "leading practitioner" of theplanetary romancesubgenre of science fiction.[47][e]

McCaffrey considered most of her work science fiction and enjoyed "cutting them short when they call me a 'fantasy' writer". All the Pern books may be considered science fiction, since the dragons were genetically engineered by the Pern colonists. Regarding science, she said "I don't keep up with developments, but I do find an expert in any field in which I must explain myself and the science involved".[26]Astronomer Steven Beard often helped with science questions,[48]and McCaffrey acknowledged reproductive biologist Jack Cohen several times.[example needed]

TheScience Fiction Hall of Famecitation of Anne McCaffrey summarises her genre as "science fiction, though tinged with the tone and instruments of fantasy", and her reputation as "a writer of romantic, heightened tales of adventure explicitly designed to appeal—and to make good sense to—a predominantly female adolescent audience."[8]

McCaffrey said in 2000, "There are no demographics on my books which indicate the readers are predominantly of an age or sex group. Dragons have a universal appeal!"[27]Formerly, it was another matter:

I started writing s-f in the late 50s/early 60s, when readership was predominantly male. And their attitudes unreconstructed. [... Women] began reading s-f and fantasy—and, by preference, women writers. My stories had themes and heroines they could, and did, relate to. I never had any trouble with editors and publishers. I had trouble getting male readers to believe I was serious, and a good enough writer to interest them.

In 1999, theAmerican Library Associationgave McCaffrey the 11thMargaret A. Edwards Awardfor lifetime achievement in writing for teens. The librarians credited her with "over 50 novels for young adults and adults" and cited seven published from 1968 to 1979 for the "significant and lasting contribution to young adult literature" that the award features:The Ship Who Sang(1969) and the first six Pern books (those sometimes called the "original trilogy" and the "Harper Hall trilogy" ). The panel chair observed that "McCaffrey's focus on the personal and emotional need of human beings mirrors the quest of today's teens to find their own place in society."[49]

Restoree

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McCaffrey's first novel wasRestoree,published byBallantine Booksin 1967. Unlike most science fiction books of the era,Restoree's heroine is a strong-willed, intelligent woman who is willing and able to think for herself and act on her own initiative. McCaffrey was widely quoted as saying thatRestoreewas intended as a "jab" at how women were usually portrayed in science fiction.[50]

Federated Sentient Planets universe

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Several of McCaffrey's series (and more than half her books) are set in a universe governed by the "Federated Sentient Planets" ( "Federation" or "FSP" ). Although Pern's history is connected to the Federation, McCaffrey only used it as a backdrop for storytelling and did not consider her different "worlds" to be part of the same universe.

Dragonriders of Pern series

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Main article:Dragonriders of Pern
See lists inpublication orderandPern chronological order

McCaffrey's best-known works are theDragonriders of Pernseries. When colonists from Earth and other planets make a decades-long space journey to Pern (an acronym designating "Parallels Earth, Resources Negligible" stamped on the original exploration team report) to escape interstellar wars, their fledgling society is threatened byThread,a mindless organism that falls like a "hungry rain" to consume all organic material. The survivors of the original expedition create genetically engineered "dragons" from a native species of small fire-breathing, winged reptiles as self-propagating weapons to destroy the encroaching organism in the sky. The majority of theDragonriders of Pernbooks take place approximately 2500 years after the planet's colonization, when new challenges face the now low-tech, agrarian society that depends on the telepathically linked dragons and riders for protection from their ancient menace, and their long-forgotten origins are ultimately rediscovered.

The Brain & Brawn Ship series

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Main article:The Ship Who Sang
Seelist of books

The Brain & Brawn Ship series comprises seven novels, only the first of which (afix-upof five previously published stories) was written by McCaffrey alone.[51]The stories in this series deal with the adventures of "shell-people" or "Brains", who as infants (due to illness or birth defects) have had to be hard-wired into a life-support system. With sensory input and motor nerves tied into a computer they serve asstarship pilots(or colony administrators), seeing and feeling the colony or ship as an extension of their own body. They perform this job to pay off their debt for education and hardware, and continue as free agents once the debt is paid. To compensate for the Brains' inability to move within human habitats they are paired with partners known as "Brawns", who are trained in a wide array of skills (including the protection of their Brain counterparts). It was considered impossible for a person to adjust to being a shell after the age of two or three. An exception, inThe Ship Who Searched,was a shell-person who was seven when she became quadriplegic.

The Ship books are set in the same universe as the Crystal Singer books; Brainship-Brawn pairings were also characters in the second and third volumes of that series.

The Crystal series

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Seelist of books

The first book (and first of the trilogy),The Crystal Singer(1982) is a fix-up of four stories published in 1974–1975.[52]

The Crystal Singer series revolves around the planet Ballybran. Under a permanent biohazard travel restriction due to a potentially-fatal symbiotic organism on the planet's surface, Ballybran is the source of valuable crystals that are vital to a number of industries, and home to one of the FSP's wealthiest (and most reclusive) organisations: the Heptite Guild. The Heptite Guild is known to require absolute, perfect pitch in hearing and voice for all applicants (especially those seeking to mine crystal by song). Because Ballybran's weather is unpredictable and dangerous (Ballybran's windstorms will cause exposed crystal to 'scream' in a discordant, deafening cacophony), the Heptite Guild is prohibited from actively recruiting members.

The Coelura series

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'The Coelura' explores the theme of environmental abuse, as a precious animal is hunted to near extinction for the thread it spins for its net. The Lady Caissa must choose between protecting the Coelura or meeting her obligations to her father and mother.

'Nimisha's Ship' takes place in the same universe, as a woman in the First Families becomes a ship designer and on a test run her ship is captured by a wormhole. On exploring a nearby planet, she finds and befriends the remaining crew of a stranded ship who suffered the same fate years before, plus a new sapient species.

Ireta

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Seelist of books

The Ireta series (as catalogued by theInternet Speculative Fiction Database) comprises five novels published 1978 to 1991, the first two by McCaffrey as subseries "Dinosaur Planet" and three as "Planet Pirates" by McCaffrey and co-writers.[53]

They share a fictional premise, and some characters and events overlap.Dinosaur Planetand its sequel follow the Exploration and Evaluation Corps team on the planet Ireta, which did not expect to find dinosaurs. In "Planet Pirates", all is not well in the FSP: pirates attack the spacelanes. Survivors on Ireta join forces with the survivors of space pirate attacks.

The Talents universe

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Main article:To Ride Pegasus
Seelist of books

"The Talents Universe" (as catalogued by theInternet Speculative Fiction Database) comprises two series: "Talent" and "The Tower and Hive" and share a fictional premise. Eight books (all by McCaffrey alone) tell the story of telepathic, telekinetic individuals that become increasingly important to the proper function of interstellar society.[54]

Doona

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Seelist of books

Two civilisations in near-identical circumstances – an overlarge, lethargic population and a tragic history with sentient aliens – end up attempting to colonise the same planet by accident. What the humans do not know is that the people they have misidentified as nomadic natives are more technically advanced than themselves (and under no such illusions regarding the humans). The books are set prior to the formation of the Federation of Sentient Planets; in this series, the ruling body is the 'Amalgamated Planets'.

Petaybee universe

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Seelist of books

The Petaybee universe comprises two trilogies (PowersandThe Twins of Petaybee) by McCaffrey and Elizabeth Ann Scarborough.[55]

The Barque Cat series

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Seelist of books

This series introduces a new universe with space faring Barque Cats and their special telepathically linked humans.

The Freedom series

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Main article:Catteni Series
Seelist of books

The Freedom series (or the "Catteni Sequence" ) comprises one 1970 short story and fourFreedomnovels written between 1995 and 2002.[56]

Acorna universe

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Main article:Acorna
Seelist of books

The "Acorna Universe series" comprises ten novels published between 1997 and 2007: seven sometimes known asAcornaand three sometimes known asAcorna's Children.The series involve a group of intergalactic miners who adopt a mysterious alien foundling withunicorn-likephysiognomyand apparent magical abilities. The first two were written by McCaffrey andMargaret Ball,and the rest by McCaffrey andElizabeth Ann Scarborough.[57]

Other works

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McCaffrey also published twoshort-story collections,severalromances,andchildren's books.

Her nonfiction work includestwo cookbooksanda book about dragons in general.

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Dragonholder,pp. 8–9. Evidently Merril did not include the story.
    Judith Merrilat theInternet Speculative Fiction Database.
    Anne McCaffreyat theInternet Speculative Fiction Database.
  2. ^Dragonholder,p. 98."A Time When by Anne McCaffrey".NESFA Press.Retrieved8 February2007.
  3. ^Dragonholder,pp. 107–08, 113. Todd McCaffrey explains the reissue as a trilogy and says that the success gave his mother "a secure perch on the ground". With Menolly's story and the white dragon's she was "freed by her dragons".
    Hans van der Boom calls the painting, "The cover art that, according to Anne and many of her fans, lured many to the shelves of the bookshop to buy..."."Michael Whelan".Official Pern Art. Art Gallery. The Pern Museum & Archives. Hans van der Boom (2008). Retrieved 2011-07-20.
    According to a fan report of McCaffrey's address at her SF Hall of Fame induction (2006), "She first thanked Michael Whelan for the cover of White Dragon.... that's exactly how I came to read Anne..."."Anne McCaffrey Induction 6/17/06".Becky Coelura MoM Staff. A Meeting of Minds: An Anne McCaffrey discussion forum. Retrieved 2011-07-25.
  4. ^Whelan identifies his career turning point: "it was when I did the cover forThe White Dragonby Anne McCaffrey. It was the first book with one of my covers to make the bestseller lists and 'everyone' noticed. "FAQ: Illustration: Early Years.Michael Whelan. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
  5. ^Pringle does not rank any of McCaffrey's works among the "hundred best" recent English-language science fiction novels or fantasy novels. He concedes a blind spot regarding planetary romance. SeePringle 1985,p. 17.

References

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  1. ^Murphy, Caitriona (22 February 2013)."The luxury house 'that dragons built'".Independent.ie.Retrieved3 February2016.
  2. ^Pomerico, D (22 November 2011)."Anne McCaffrey: April 1, 1926 – November 21, 2011".suvudu.com. Archived fromthe originalon 17 February 2012.Retrieved23 November2011.
  3. ^Fox, Margalit(24 November 2011)."Anne McCaffrey, Author of 'Dragonriders' Fantasies, Dies at 85".The New York Times.New York City.Retrieved24 November2011.
  4. ^abc"McCaffrey, Anne".The Locus Index to SF Awards: Index to Literary Nominees.Locus Publications. Archived fromthe originalon 15 October 2011.
  5. ^"Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master".Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA). Archived fromthe originalon 1 July 2011.
  6. ^"Presenting".Archived fromthe originalon 26 April 2006.Retrieved28 August2016..Press release 15 March 2006. Science Fiction Museum (sfhomeworld.org). Archived 2006-04-26. Retrieved 2013-04-06.
  7. ^"Science Fiction Hall of Fame".The Cohenside.15 May 2006.Archivedfrom the original on 14 October 2016.
  8. ^abc"Anne McCaffrey 1926–".Science Fiction Hall of Fame (Members).EMP Science Fiction Museum. Archived fromthe originalon 22 July 2012.Retrieved16 July2011.Acknowledges content fromThe Encyclopedia of Science Fiction1993, 1999; see also itsonline third edition.
  9. ^"The Locus Index to SF Awards: 2007 Robert A. Heinlein Award".Locus Publications. 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 6 July 2008.Retrieved21 November2016.
  10. ^abc"Anne's Biography".The Worlds of Anne McCaffrey.Pern Home.Retrieved7 July2011.
  11. ^Dragonholder,pp. 15–18.
  12. ^"(Anne Inez McCaffrey)".RootsWeb.Ancestry.com. Archived fromthe originalon 18 June 2016.Retrieved16 June2012.
  13. ^Dragonholder,pp. 24, 31.
  14. ^Sherman, Ted."Fantasy writer, former N.J. resident Anne McCaffrey dead at 85",The Star-Ledger,23 November 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2012. "Born in Cambridge, Mass., McCaffrey was raised in New Jersey, where she graduated from Montclair High School."
  15. ^abMcCaffrey, Anne (17 December 2009)."A Letter From Anne".The Worlds of Anne McCaffrey.Pern Home.Retrieved12 July2011.
  16. ^Dragonholder,p. 36.
  17. ^Dragonholder,pp. 10–11, 14, 36–37, 45–46.
  18. ^Dragonholder,pp. 57–58, 63.
  19. ^Dragonholder,pp. 5, 68–69, 73.
  20. ^Dragonholder,p. 78.
  21. ^See forewords or acknowledgments in some Pern books.[example needed]
  22. ^Dragonholder,pp. 9, 13, 38.
  23. ^Dragonholder,p. 13.
  24. ^Dragonholder,pp. 8–10.
  25. ^Dragonholder,pp. 13–14.
  26. ^abJamneck 2004.
  27. ^abcSFFWorld2000.
  28. ^Karsmakers 1994.
  29. ^abLocus2004.
  30. ^Dragonholder,pp. 45–46.
  31. ^McCaffrey, Anne."Frequently Asked Questions".The Worlds of Anne McCaffrey.Pern Home.Archivedfrom the original on 15 July 2011.Retrieved16 July2011..See questions 2, 10, 17, 19, 22.
  32. ^Dragonholder,pp. 2, 50.
  33. ^"Anne McCaffrey – Summary Bibliography".Internet Speculative Fiction Database.Retrieved17 November2011.
  34. ^Dragonholder,p. 74.
  35. ^Dragonholder,pp. 71–101.
  36. ^Dragonholder,pp. 82–83, 95.
  37. ^Dragonholder,p. 101.
  38. ^Dragonholder,pp. 103–04.
  39. ^Dragonholder,pp. 104–05.
  40. ^Dragonholder,p. 113 (conclusion).
  41. ^"Anne McCaffrey Named a Grand Master in 2004".Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America.Retrieved22 August2017.
  42. ^Dragonholder,p. 49.
  43. ^Dragonholder,pp. 51–52, 54–55.
  44. ^"Anne McCaffrey (1926–2011)".Locus online.22 November 2011.Retrieved23 November2011.
  45. ^"The Locus Index to SF Awards: 1987 Locus All-time Poll".Locus.Archived fromthe originalon 13 January 2004.Retrieved12 October2011.Originally published in the monthlyLocus,August 1987.
  46. ^Pringle 1988,p. 21.
  47. ^Pringle 1985,p. 17.
  48. ^Roberts 2007,p. 5.
  49. ^"1999 Margaret A. Edwards Award Winner".Young Adult Library Services Association(YALSA).Archivedfrom the original on 22 January 2012.
    •"Edwards Award".YALSA. 27 February 2012.Archivedfrom the original on 5 April 2012.
    • McCaffrey also contributed to the reflections by previous winners that were solicited for the 20th anniversary award,"Looking Back".YALSA. 2008.Archivedfrom the original on 30 January 2012.
  50. ^Frequently Asked Questions(2007). The Worlds of Anne McCaffrey. Pernhome.com (c) 2010 Todd McCaffrey. Question 21. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
  51. ^The Ship Who Sang (series).The Internet Speculative Fiction Database.
  52. ^The Crystal Universe (series).ISFDB.
  53. ^Ireta (series).ISFDB.
  54. ^The Talents Universe (series).ISFDB. Subpages for all constituent stories and books. Retrieved 2011-08-01.
  55. ^Petaybee Universe (series).ISFDB.
  56. ^Catteni Sequence (series).ISFDB.
  57. ^Acorna Universe (series).ISFDB.

Citations – books

Interviews

Further reading

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Bibliography

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