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Assist (association football)

(Redirected fromAssist (soccer))

Inassociation football,anassistis a contribution leading to thescoring of a goal,where the contribution is made by someone on the scoring team other than the scorer. Statistics for assists made by players may be kept officially by the organisers of a competition, or unofficially by, for example, journalists or organisers offantasy footballcompetitions. Recording assists is not part of the officialLaws of the Gameand the criteria for an assist to be awarded may vary. Record of assists was virtually not kept at all until the end of the 20th century, although reports of matches commonly described a player as having "made" one or more goals. Since the 1990s, some leagues have kept official record of assists and based awards on them.

The separate player statistics "goals [scored]"and" assists "may be aggregated to a statistic called" [goal]contributions"or" [goal]involvements"(analogous to what is called apointinice hockey).

Criteria

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Most commonly, an assist is credited to a player forpassingorcrossingthe ball to the scorer. It may also be awarded to a player whose shot rebounds (off a defender,goalkeeperor goalpost) to a teammate who scores. Some systems may credit an assist to a player who wins apenalty kickor afree kickfor another player to convert,[1][2]or to an attacking player for contributing to anown goal.[3]A goal may be unassisted, or have one assist; some systems allow for two assists.[1][4]

Opta criteria

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Opta,a Britishsports analyticscompany and the official provider ofPremier Leaguestatistics,[5][6]defines an assist as "The final touch from a teammate, which leads to the recipient of the ball scoring a goal".Optarequires that if the assist is deflected by an opposition player, it must be deemed as travelling to the goalscorer irrespective of the deflection. Also according toOpta,"in the event of anown goal,direct free kickgoal and direct corner goal, an assist will not be awarded. This same rule applies to penalties unless the penalty taker chooses to pass the ball for another player to score. "[7]

According to Opta, an assist isnotawarded in the following cases:

Opta attest that this strict definition makes assist statistics more accurate and fair in analyzing players' sports performance.

FIFA World Cup

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FIFA's Technical Study Group is responsible for awarding assist points at theFIFA World Cup.[8]In the Technical Study Group's report on the1986 World Cup,the authors calculated for the first time unofficial statistics for assists, developing the following criteria:[1]

  1. An assist was awarded to the player who had given the last pass to the goalscorer.
  2. In addition, the last but two holder of the ball could get an assist provided that his action had decisive importance for the goal.
  3. After goals from rebounds those players were awarded an assist who had shot on target.
  4. After goals scored on penalty or by adirectly converted free-kickthe fouled player received a point.
  5. In case that the goalscorer had laid on the goal for himself (dribble,solo run), no assists were awarded.
  6. No assists were awarded, either, if the goalscorertook advantage of a missed passby an opponent.

The1990 World Cuptechnical report adopted similar criteria, but changed the free-kick/penalty criterion:[2]

  • Where goals resulting from penalties are concerned, the player who is fouled in the area receives an assist point (unless, that is, the player who is fouled subsequently executes the penalty himself).

Planet World Cuphas calculated some retrospective data on assists back to the1966 World Cup,[9]though the 1986 data differs from that of FIFA.[1][10]

FIFA started officially keeping track of assists inWorld Cup tournamentsat the1994 edition.[11]This was popularly ascribed to the popularity of detailedsports statisticsamong fans.[11]1994 was also the first World Cup in which assists were used as a tie-breaker in determining theGolden Shoeaward for top scorer.[11][12]In the event, bothHristo StoichkovandOleg Salenkotied with 19 points, from 6 goals and 1 assist.[12]

France

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The French league,Ligue 1,awards theTrophée de Meilleur Passeur( "best passer trophy" ) to the player with most "decisive passes" in a season, starting in the2007–08 season.[13]Sports newspaperL'Équipehad unofficially tracked assists for some years prior to then.[14]The league'sCommission des Compétitionsincludes blocked shots as a subset of "decisive passes".[15][16]In2012–13,Mathieu ValbuenaandDimitri Payetfinished with 12 assists, Valbuena winning the trophy by having fewer blocked shots (3 against 5) among his total.[16]

Spain

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For the1998–99 La Ligaseason, SDI sold its Gecasport database to Spanish media, in whichasistencias de golwere described as "passes which lead immediately to a shot and goal".[17]

Ukraine

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In Ukraine, a traceable documentation of assists calculation started out by Ukrainian newspaper "Komanda" during the 2004–05 season of the Ukrainian Higher League (Vyshcha Liha).[18]The calculation of assist has certain problems to establish what is the "last pass" which led to a scored goal.[18]Different institutions have own perception of it. Some specialists consider that an assist has to be a deliberate action meaning that it does not include the situation when a ball randomly rebounded to a scoring striker.

United Kingdom

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In the United Kingdom, official game statistics, including assists, for thePremier League,theScottish Premiership,and theEnglish Football Leagueare provided by PA Sport under the Actim brand.[19]Since the2006–07 season,assists have been factored into the Actim Index of Premier League player performance.[20]The assist statistics provided by fantasy football competitions may differ from the Actim data; some uniformly credit an assist to whichever teammate last touched the ball before the scorer, regardless of other circumstances of the play.[21]ThePremier League Playmaker of the Seasonaward was introduced in the2017–18 Premier Leaguefor the player with most assists.[22]

United States

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The originalNorth American Soccer Leaguekept assist statistics from its foundation in 1968, as its forebears theUnited Soccer AssociationandNational Professional Soccer Leaguehad done the previous year.[23]Analogous statistics were already being keptin basketballandin ice hockey,both established North American sports.

Major League Soccerformerly awarded theMLS Golden Bootbased on 2 points per goal scored and one per assist.

TheNCAAmakes regulations for statistics, including assists, incollege soccerin the U.S.[24]Two players may be credited with assists if the second did not have to beat a defender before passing to the scorer.[4]No assist is awarded for winning a penalty.[25]If a goal is scored after a save, block, or rebound from the goal frame, the first shooter gets an assist.[26]

Statistics

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These totals are the official records recognised by the relevant governing body. Independent statistics providers may have different data, either through crediting different players for a given goal, or through having begun recording assists earlier or later than the official statistics provider.

Players with most assists in a given competition (all-time)
Competition Records
began 		Leading player(s) Team(s) Assists Refs
FIFA World Cup 1954 Pelé Brazil 10 [27]
UEFA European Championship 1960 Cristiano Ronaldo Portugal 7 [28]
Copa América 1916 Lionel Messi Argentina 18 [29]
FIFA Club World Cup 2000 Neri Cardozo Boca Juniors,Monterrey 5 [citation needed]
FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL) 1994 Neymar Brazil 19 [30]
UEFA Champions League 1992 Ryan Giggs Manchester United 41 [31]
Premier League 1992 Ryan Giggs Manchester United 162 [32]
La Liga 1929 Lionel Messi Barcelona 192 [33]
Serie A 1986 Francesco Totti Roma 88 [34]
Bundesliga 2004 Thomas Müller Bayern Munich 169 [35]
Major League Soccer 1996 Landon Donovan LA Galaxy 136 [36]
Ligue 1 2001 Dimitri Payet Nantes,Saint-Étienne,Lille,Marseille 115 [37]
UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League 2001 Bořek Dočkal Slovan Liberec,Rosenborg,Slavia Prague 26 [38]
UEFA Super Cup 1973 Gareth Bale Real Madrid 3 [39]
Vitolo Sevilla,Atlético Madrid
Players with most assists in a given competition (single season)[40]
Competition Player(s) Team(s) Assists Season(s) Refs
Major League Soccer Carlos Valderrama Tampa Bay Mutiny 26 2000 [41][42][43][44]
La Liga Míchel Real Madrid 21 1987–88 [45]
Lionel Messi Barcelona 2019–20 [46][47]
Bundesliga Thomas Müller Bayern Munich 21 2019–20 [48]
Premier League Thierry Henry Arsenal 20 2002–03 [49]
Kevin De Bruyne Manchester City 2019–20
Ligue 1 Ángel Di María Paris Saint-Germain 18 2015–16 [50]
Serie A Ronaldinho AC Milan 18 2009–10 [51]
UEFA Champions League Luis Figo Barcelona 9 1999–2000 [52]

References

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  1. ^abcd FIFA Technical Study Group (1986)."1986 World Cup Technical Report, part 4"(PDF).FIFA.The Table of Goalscorers: Goals and Assists, page 198. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 13 October 2012.Retrieved29 July2008.
  2. ^ab FIFA Technical Study Group (1990)."1990 World Cup Technical Report, part 6"(PDF).FIFA. p. 281. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 11 November 2012.Retrieved29 July2008.
  3. ^"Haverford College vs Alvernia College".Haverford College.18 September 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 13 July 2007.Retrieved21 July2014.
  4. ^abNCAA Official Soccer Statistics Rules, §5.Art 1.(1)
  5. ^"Who are Opta Index?".Opta Index Limited. Archived fromthe originalon 13 December 2000.Retrieved8 December2017.
  6. ^"Sports Internet Group plc Results for the period to 31 August 1999".Sports Internet Group plc. 21 December 1999.Retrieved8 December2017– via Investegate.
  7. ^"Opta event definitions".Opta.Retrieved23 June2024.
  8. ^"adidas Golden Shoe Award"(PDF).FIFA. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 26 June 2008.Retrieved29 July2008.
  9. ^"World Cup 1966 statistics".Planet World Cup.Retrieved29 July2008.
  10. ^"World Cup 1986 statistics".Planet World Cup.Archivedfrom the original on 20 July 2008.Retrieved29 July2008.
  11. ^abc Bryan, Rebecca (11 July 1994). "Football by the numbers". Los Angeles:Agence France Presse.the assist has gained enough ground to earn a place in the calculations for the Golden Boot award, which in every previous World Cup has been awarded solely on the basis of goals scored. Under the formula, players get three points for a goal, and one point for an assist. "We made a two-point difference because we do not want someone who did not score winning the award," a FIFA official said.
  12. ^ab "Romario is voted the top player of World Cup '94 and winner of the FIFA/adidas Golden Ball award; Salenko and Stoichkov tie as leading scorers for World Cup USA '94".Business Wire.17 July 1994.[FIFA] has announced Oleg Salenko (Russia) and Hristo Stoichkov (Bulgaria) as [...] winners of the prestigious adidas Golden Shoe award [...] who made six goals and one assist each. Kennet Andersson (Sweden) with 5 goals and 3 assists, will receive a Bronze replica of the Predator [...] Throughout World Cup '94, three points were awarded for each goal scored and one point for each assist leading to a goal, with a maximum of two assists per goal. Assists are only taken into account if two or more players scored the same number of goals.
  13. ^"Thauvin n'oublie pas de passer"(in French). LFP.fr. 5 February 2020. Archived fromthe originalon 5 June 2020.Retrieved5 June2020.la création du classement officiel des passeurs en 2007/08
  14. ^Delbrayelle, Dominique; Garin, Erik; Di Maggio, Roberto (20 June 2019)."France – Topscorers".Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.Retrieved5 June2020.
  15. ^"James Rodriguez en prince de la passe"(in French). Ligue de Football Professionnel. 17 May 2014.Retrieved21 July2014.
  16. ^ab"C'est la bonne pour Mathieu Valbuena".Ligue de Football Professionnel. 26 May 2013.Retrieved21 July2014.
  17. ^"Criterios de Elaboración de Estadísticas".sdifutbol.com(in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 November 1999.Retrieved5 June2020.pases que implican, de manera inmediata, un tiro y gol;Lago-Peñas, Carlos; Lago-Ballesteros, Joaquín; Dellal, Alexandre; Gómez, Maite (1 June 2010)."Game-Related Statistics that Discriminated Winning, Drawing and Losing Teams from the Spanish Soccer League".Journal of Sports Science & Medicine.9(2):288–293.ISSN1303-2968.PMC3761743.PMID24149698.Gecasport, a private company dedicated to the performance assessment of teams in the Spanish Soccer League (www.sdifutbol.com).;Peña, Donald (July 2004)."Goleada estadística"(PDF).Indice(in Spanish) (5):18–19.ISSN1697-2325.Archived(PDF)from the original on 27 September 2004.Retrieved5 June2020.
  18. ^ab"Чи обжене Ярмоленко Тайсона?".upl.ua (archived).Archived fromthe originalon 21 December 2023.Retrieved21 December2023.
  19. ^"Actim Stats Frequently Asked Questions".PA Sport. Archived fromthe originalon 2 August 2008.Retrieved29 July2008.
  20. ^"Actim Index Explained".PA Sport. Archived fromthe originalon 2 August 2008.Retrieved29 July2008.
  21. ^Coombs, Dan (22 September 2013)."Mesut Ozil... When is an assist not an assist?".HITC Sport.hereisthecity. Archived fromthe originalon 27 July 2014.Retrieved21 July2014.
  22. ^"New Premier League player award announced"(Press release).Premier League.18 April 2018.Retrieved18 April2018.
  23. ^"NASL Top Scorer Award".midfielddynamo. Archived fromthe originalon 24 July 2008.Retrieved29 July2008.
  24. ^"Section 5: Assists"(PDF).Official Soccer Statistics Rules; Approved Rulings and Interpretations(PDF).NCAA. 2009. p. 2.Archived(PDF)from the original on 31 March 2010.Retrieved25 June2010.
  25. ^NCAA Official Soccer Statistics Rules, §5.Art 1.(3)
  26. ^NCAA Official Soccer Statistics Rules, §5.Art 1.(8),(9)
  27. ^"'Youngest player to win the World Cup' - What are the records that Pele holds in world football? ".Goal.com.24 April 2022.Retrieved13 January2023.
  28. ^"Cristiano Ronaldo (7) supera a Karel Poborsky (6) y ya es, EN SOLITARIO, el jugador con más asistencias en TODA la historia de la Eurocopa"(in Spanish). MisterChip. 22 June 2024.
  29. ^"All Types of Assists, including non-Opta Assists".MessivsRonaldo.app.Retrieved24 October2023.
  30. ^"IFFHS".www.iffhs.com.Retrieved22 November2024.
  31. ^"Players - Most assists".UEFA.com.Archivedfrom the original on 4 June 2020.Retrieved6 August2020.
  32. ^"Assists".Premier League Player Stats.Premier League.Retrieved5 June2020.;"Ryan Giggs".Premier League Players.Premier League.Retrieved5 June2020.
  33. ^"Messi vs Ronaldo World Records, Goal Records and More".MessivsRonaldo.app.Retrieved27 December2020.
  34. ^"Player with most assists in Serie A history".BeSoccer.Retrieved28 August2023.
  35. ^"300 - Thomas Müller's assist was his 300th goal involvement in the Bundesliga".Twitter.4 March 2023.Retrieved4 March2023.
  36. ^"Stats (All-time)".Major League Soccer.Retrieved28 June2023.
  37. ^"Ligue 1 2024 top assists table".BeSoccer.Retrieved28 August2023.
  38. ^"Players – Most assists".UEFA.Retrieved6 August2020.
  39. ^"Most UEFA Super Cup assists".BeSoccer.18 August 2023.
  40. ^"Players With the Most Assists in a Single Season in Europe's Top-Five Leagues".90min.24 November 2020.Retrieved19 January2021.
  41. ^MLS SiteArchivedAugust 4, 2010, at theWayback Machine
  42. ^[1]
  43. ^[2]
  44. ^[3]
  45. ^"HISTORIA DE LA LIGA ESPAÑOLA".historiaelectoral.com.
  46. ^"Messi breaks LaLiga Santander record for most assists in a season".Marca.19 July 2020.Retrieved20 July2020.
  47. ^"Stats: Messi breaks two all-time records; Ramos' unique first this century".ESPN. 20 July 2020.Retrieved20 July2020.
  48. ^"Thomas Muller Breaks Kevin De Bruyne's Bundesliga Assist Record".beIN Sports.Retrieved18 August2020.
  49. ^"Kevin de Bruyne: Twentieth assist of season equals Thierry Henry's record".BBC Sport. 26 July 2020.Retrieved28 July2020.
  50. ^"Angel Di Maria sets new Ligue 1 record with 18 assists".Goal.14 May 2016.Retrieved3 August2020.
  51. ^"I 10 calciatori che hanno realizzato più assist in una stagione di Serie A".Calciatori Brutti.11 July 2020. Archived fromthe originalon 29 September 2020.Retrieved3 August2020.
  52. ^"Most Assists in a Single Champions League Campaign".Opta.12 October 2023.
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