TheBangladeshi taka(Bengali:টাকা,sign:৳,code:BDT,short form:Tk) is the currency of thePeople's Republic of Bangladesh.In Unicode, it is encoded atU+09F3৳BENGALI RUPEE SIGN.
| টাকা(Bengali) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
| ISO 4217 | |||||
| Code | BDT (numeric:050) | ||||
| Subunit | 0.01 | ||||
| Unit | |||||
| Symbol | ৳ | ||||
| Denominations | |||||
| Subunit | |||||
| 1⁄100 | Poisha (defunct) | ||||
| Symbol | |||||
| Poisha | p | ||||
| Banknotes | |||||
| Freq. used | ৳5,৳10,৳20,৳50,৳100,৳200,৳500 and৳1000 | ||||
| Rarely used | ৳2 | ||||
| Coins | |||||
| Freq. used | ৳1, ৳2, ৳5 | ||||
| Demographics | |||||
| Date of introduction | 4 March 1972 | ||||
| Replaced | Pakistani rupee | ||||
| User(s) |  Bangladesh | ||||
| Issuance | |||||
| Central bank | Bangladesh Bank | ||||
| Printer | The Security Printing Corporation Bangladesh Ltd. | ||||
| Website | www | ||||
| Mint | The Security Printing Corporation Bangladesh Ltd. | ||||
| Valuation | |||||
| Inflation | 9.41% | ||||
| Source | BBS,August 2021[1] | ||||
Issuance of bank notes৳10 and larger is controlled byBangladesh Bank,while the৳2 and৳5 banknotes are the responsibility of theministry of financeof theGovernment of Bangladesh.The banknotes of Tk. 2 and Tk.5 have mostly been replaced by coins while lower denomination coins (including all poysha coins) up to Tk. 1 have almost gone out of circulation due to inflation. The most commonly used symbol for the taka is "৳"and" Tk ", used on receipts while purchasing goods and services. It is divided into 100poysha,but poysha coins are no longer in circulation. The poysha is still used for accounting purposes (e.g., Tk 123,456.78 for 123,456 taka and 78 poysha).
On 8 May 2024, the central bank placed the taka in acrawling pegto the US dollar, with a rate of 117 takas per US dollar.[2]
Etymology
edit
According toThe American Heritage Dictionary of the English LanguageandBanglapedia,the wordtakacame from theSanskritwordtankah,meaning silver coin.[3][4]The wordtakain Bangla is also commonly used generically to mean any money, currency, or notes. Thus, colloquially, a person speaking in Bangla may use "taka" to refer to money regardless of what currency it is denominated in. This is also common in the Indian states ofWest BengalandTripura,where the official name of theIndian rupeeis "taka" as well. In other eastern Indian languages with the influence ofPrakritinBiharit is "taka" inMaithiliandMagadhilanguages, inAssamit is টকাtôkaand it is ଟଙ୍କାtaṅkāinOdisha.
History
edit1947–71
editAfter thePartition of Bengal in 1947,East Bengalbecame the eastern wing ofPakistanand was renamed toEast Pakistanin 1956. ThePakistani rupeealso bore the word taka on official notes and coins.Banglawas one of the two national languages of the Pakistan union between 1956 and 1971 (the other being Urdu). The Bangladeshi taka came into existence since 1972, a year after the independence of the eastern wing of the union, as the independent nation ofBangladesh.
Prior to theLiberation warin 1971, banknotes of theState Bank of Pakistancirculated throughout Bangladesh, and continued to be used in Bangladesh even after independence for only about three months until the official introduction of the taka on 4 March 1972. During the war, it was an unofficial practice of someBengali nationaliststo protest Pakistani rule by stamping banknotes with "বাংলা দেশ"and" BANGLA DESH "as two words in either Bangla or English. These locally produced stamps are known to exist in several varieties, as are forgeries. On 8 June 1971, the Pakistani government declared that all banknotes bearing such stamps ceased to be legal tender. Furthermore, to prevent looted high-denomination notes from disrupting the Pakistani economy, the government also withdrew thelegal tenderstatus of all 100- and 500-rupee notes.[5]
Some foreign publications mention that there were rubber stamp "BANGLA DESH" overprints on different denominations of Pakistani bank notes during the a.m. period[clarification needed].Pakistani postage stamps were rubber-stamped and used all over Bangladesh until 30 March 1973, butBangladesh Bankor the Ministry of Finance never issued an order to overprint or rubber-stampPakistani currency.[6]
Since 1972
editThe taka was introduced in Bangladesh in 1972, replacing thePakistani rupeeat par.
Treasury banknotes
edit- The first treasury notes in 1972 for৳1 and notes of theBangladesh Bankfor৳5,৳10 and৳100.
- In 1977, banknotes for৳50 were introduced, followed by৳500 in 1979 and৳20 in 1982.
- ৳1 treasury notes were issued until 1992, with৳2 treasury notes introduced in 1989.
- ৳1000 banknotes were introduced in 2008.
- ৳5 banknotes, previously issued byBangladesh Bank,are now issued by theGovernment of Bangladesh.These have mostly been replaced by coins since the early 2000s.
Banknotes and issues
editIn 2000, the government issued polymer৳10 notes as an experiment (similar to the Australian dollar). They proved unpopular, however, and were withdrawn later. At present, the৳1 and৳5 notes have mostly been replaced with coins, and in 2008, the government issued৳1,000 notes.
In 2011, Bangladesh Bank began issuing a new series of banknotes denominated in৳2,৳5,৳100,৳500, and৳1000. All are dated 2011 and feature a portrait and watermark of the Father of the Nation,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman,along the National Martyr's Monument in Savar at center front.[7]
From 2011, the Bangladesh Bank introduced new notes denominated in৳10,৳20, and৳50 on 7 March 2012. The notes bear the portrait of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and the National Martyr's Monument in Savar on the front. On the back of the notes, the৳10 will picture theBaitul Mukarrammosque, the৳20 pictures theShat Gombujmosque in Bagherat, and the৳50 notes featureShilpacharjo Zainul Abedin'sfamous paintingPloughing.[8]
On March 7 of 2019, Bangladesh Bank released new ৳100 notes, which had the same design as 2011 Version, but had better security, a stronger Blue and were made of a different material.
On December 15 of 2019, Bangladesh Bank issued new ৳50 banknotes, with the same design as the 2011 version, but had a different colour (orange, brown and fluorescent yellow-green), and a slightly different design in some parts.
On March 17 of 2020, Bangladesh Bank introduced new ৳200 notes. They bear a portrait ofBangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahmanon both sides and a landscape picture of a village, river and boats.
Commemorative banknotes
editIn 2011, Bangladesh Bank also introduced a৳40 note to commemorate the "40th Victory Anniversary of Bangladesh". The commemorative note features a portrait of the Father of the Nation, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and the National Martyr's Monument in Savar on front, and six armed men on back. Curiously, this note has anelectrotype10 in the watermark, indicating it was likely printed on extra৳10 banknote paper.[9]
On 15 February 2012, Bangladesh Bank has introduced a৳60 note to commemorate "60 years of National Movement". The commemorative note measures 130 by 60 millimetres (5.1 in × 2.4 in) and features the Shaeed Minar (Martyrs' monument) in Dhaka and five men on the back. Like the৳40 commemorative note, this note has an electrotype 50 in the watermark. It was likely printed on extra৳50 banknote paper.[10]
On 26 January 2013, Bangladesh Bank issued a৳25 note to commemorate the 25th anniversary (silver jubilee) of the Security Printing Corporation (Bangladesh) Ltd. On the front is the National Martyr's Monument in Savar, the designs of the previous series of the Bangladeshi taka notes and its postage stamps, three spotted deer and the magpie-robin (doyel). On the reverse is the headquarters of the Security Printing Corporation. Curiously, this note has an electrotype 10 in the watermark, indicating it was likely printed on extra৳10 banknote paper.[11]
On 8 July 2013, Bangladesh Bank issued a৳100 note to commemorate the 100th anniversary of theBangladesh National Museum.The commemorative note features an 18th-centuryterracottaplaque of a horseman on the front and the Bangladesh National Museum on the back.[12]
Coins
edit
In 1973, coins were introduced in denominations of 5, 10, 25 and50 poysha.1 poysha coins followed in 1974, with৳1 coins introduced in 1975. The 1, 5 and 10 poysha were struck in aluminium, with the 25 and 50 poysha struck in steel and the৳1 in copper-nickel. The 5 poysha were square with rounded corners, and the 10 poysha were scalloped. Steel৳5 were introduced in 1994, and a steel৳2 coin followed in 2004.
1 and 5 poysha coins are rarely found in circulation. The same is the case with the 10, 25, and 50 poysha coins, as they have lost value due to inflation over the years. Only the৳1,৳2 and৳5 are occasionally found in circulation. Unlike most other countries, coins are not issued every year. The most recent coins,৳1,৳2 and৳5, were issued in 2013.
| 1973 Series | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value | Composition | Description | First minted | |
| Reverse | Obverse | |||
| 5 poysha | Aluminium | National emblem | A plough inside of a cogwheel engraved diagonally, "5-Five Poisha" and "Bangladesh" written in Bangla. | 1973 |
| 10 poysha | Scalloped with serrated edges, a betel leaf in the middle with "Bangladesh" written on top and "Ten 10 poisha" written on the bottom in Bangla. | |||
| 25 poysha | Steel | Curly pattern on the edges with a Rohu fish in the middle, "Bangladesh" written on top and "Twenty-five 25 poisha" written at the bottom in Bangla. | ||
| 50 poysha | Dotted pattern on the edges with a dove/pigeon in the middle, "Bangladesh" written on the top and "Fifty 50 poisha" written at the bottom in Bangla. | |||
| 1974 Series (FAO) | ||||
| 1 poysha | Aluminium | National emblem | Ornamental design, floral patterns | 1974 |
| 5 poysha | A plough in the middle of a half-cogwheel saying the words "Increase production" | |||
| 10 poysha | Serrated on scalloped edges, with flowers plants and running tractor with text saying "Green Revolution" | |||
| 25 poysha | Steel | Fish, egg, bananas and a gourd with the text "Food for all" | ||
| 50 poysha | Various | Fish, banana, chicken and pineapple in the middle circle | 1977 | |
| 1977 Series (FAO) | ||||
| 5 poysha | Aluminium | National emblem | Plough and cogwheel | 1977 |
| 10 poysha | A family sitting facing each other | |||
| 25 poysha | Steel | Royal Bengal tiger | ||
| 50 poysha | Hilsha fish,chicken, pineapple, banana | |||
| Other issues | ||||
| 50 poysha (small) | Steel | National emblem | Hilsha fish,chicken, pineapple, banana | 2001 |
| ৳1(Line-edged) | A family figure, slogan "Planned family – Food for All" | 2002 | ||
| ৳1 (Silver Jubilee Edition) | Brass | A family figure, slogan "Planned family – Food for All" | 1996 | |
| ৳2 | Steel | Education for All slogan with two children studying | 2004 | |
| ৳5 | Jamuna Multipurpose Bridge | 1994 | ||
| Last issues | ||||
| ৳1 | Steel | National Emblem | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | 2010 |
| ৳2 | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | 2010 | ||
| ৳5 | Bangladesh Banklogo | 2012 | ||
| Special issues (uncirculated) | ||||
| ৳1 (Martyr's Edition) | Silver | Picture of theNational Martyrs' Memorialand text which says "20th Victory Day of Bangladesh–1991" | A picture of theBir Sreshthowith words "16th December–20th Victory Day" | 1991 |
| ৳1 (Summer Olympics Edition) | Silver | National Emblem | Two athletes running with a fire torch with text "25th Olympic Games 1992" | 1992 |
| ৳1 | Silver | National Emblem | Two spotted deer with the heading "Endangered Wildlife" | 1993 |
| ৳10 (Silver Jubilee of BB) | Silver | National Emblem | Picture of Bangladesh Bank with the title "Bangladesh Bank Silver Jubilee 1971–1996" | 1996 |
| ৳10 (Silver Jubilee of BD) | Silver | National Martyrs' Memorialwith the text "Silver Jubilee of Bangladesh's Victory" | Sheikh Mujibur Rahmanwith the same text on the coin's back | 1996 |
| ৳10 (Bangabandhu Bridge Edition) | 90% Silver and 10% Nickel | Martyr Statue with the title "Invincible Bangla" and heading "Inauguration ofBangabandhu Bridge1998 " | Picture ofBangabandhu Bridgewith the same heading on the coin's reverse | 1998 |
| ৳20 (Bangabandhu Bridge Edition) | Silver | Sheikh Mujibur Rahmanwith the heading "Inauguration of Bangabandhu Bridge 1998" | Picture ofBangabandhu Bridgewith the same heading in the coin's reverse | 1998 |
| ৳20 (IMD Edition) | Gold | Shaheed Minarwith the date 21st February with headingInternational Mother Language Day | Logo ofBangladesh Bank | 2000 |
| ৳10 (World Cup Edition) | Silver | The picture of the World cup with "Bangladesh Bank" written | ICC World Cup Logo with being held in Bangladesh in 2011 | 2011 |
| ৳10 (Rabindranath Edition) | Silver | A poem ofRabindranath Tagoreand his autograph | Picture ofRabindranath Tagorewith the title "150th Birth Anniversary of Rabindranath Tagore" | 2011 |
| ৳10 (Bidrohi Edition) | Silver | A quotation from the poemBidrohiand the autograph of the National Poet | Picture of youngKazi Nazrul Islamwith the heading "90 Years of the poemBidrohi1921-2011 " | 2011 |
| ৳10 (Victory Edition) | Silver | Picture of 6Muktijoddhawaving guns with the title "40th Victory Anniversary of Bangladesh" | Picture ofSheikh Mujibur Rahmanwith the7th March Speechquote with his name in English at the bottom | 2011 |
| ৳100 (Museum Edition) | Silver | Logo ofBangladesh Bankwith Bangla writing "Centenary of Bangladesh National Museum 1913–2013" | 100 taka written on left and right with a terracotta plaque of 18th century horsemen | 2013 |
| ৳100 (Mujib Centenary Edition | Gold and Silver (dual variant) | Logo of Bangladesh Bank with text "Father of the Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman" | Portrait of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman with the text in Bangla | 2020 |
| ৳50 (Golden Jubilee Edition) | Scallop-shaped in Gold | Big number "50" which has the logo of Bangladesh Bank inscribed in the number "0" with the heading "Golden Jubilee of Independence" | Portrait of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman with the heading in Bangla | 2021 |
| ৳50 (Japan-Bangladesh Relations Edition) | Silver | National Martyrs' Memorialwith the heading "Bangladesh-Japan Diplomatic Relations 50th Year Anniversary" | The same heading written in the middle with a logo and pictures of a cherry blossom on top and a water lily at the bottom | 2022 |
| ৳100 (Padma Bridge Edition) | Scallop-shaped, silver | Picture of thePadma Bridgewith the title "Padma Bridge–The symbol of National Pride" written in English | Portrait of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman with the title in Bangla | 2023 |
| **Poisha coins no longer minted since 2013 but all coins above 1 taka still legal tender. | ||||
Previous issues
edit
- First Series
- Bangladesh introduced its first banknotes on 4 March 1972. At first 1 taka and 100 taka banknotes were introduced. Later 10 and 5 taka notes were added. This first issued series is commonly known as "Map Series". These banknotes are considered as emergency issue banknotes to replace the Pakistan rupee banknotes both with and without rubber stamp overprints.[13]
| Map Series (1972) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Description | Period | ||||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
|
|
৳1 | Map ofBangladesh | Guillochepatterns and "1" in Bengali ( "১" ) | 4 March 1972-30 March 1974 | ||
|
|
৳5 | Map ofBangladeshand BangabandhuSheikh Mujibur Rahman | Guilloche patterns and "5" in Bengali and English | 2 June 1972 – 1 April 1973 | ||
|
|
৳10 | Guilloche patterns and "10" in Bengali and English | 2 May 1972-1 April 1973 | |||
|
|
৳100 | Guilloche patterns and "100" in Bengali on and English | 4 March 1972-1 April 1973 | |||
- Second Series
- After issuing the first banknotes, there were many conspiracy theories, counterfeiting problems and rumours, so the government issued the second series. These second series banknotes were printed by Thomas De La Rue of England. First-issued banknotes were subsequently withdrawn from circulation by 30 April 1974 after having ceased to hold legal tender status from 30 March 1974.[14]
| Thomas De La Rue Series (1972) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Main Color | Description | First Issue | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
|
|
৳1 | Dark purple, light purple and khaki | Hand holding paddy rice | Theemblem of Bangladesh | 2 March 1973 | |
| ৳5 | Red | BangabandhuSheikh Mujibur Rahman | Shapla flowers | 1 September 1972 | |||
| ৳10 | Green | Rural landscape of riverine Bangladesh | 2 June 1972 | ||||
| ৳100 | Gray | Riverscape of rural Bangladesh | 1 September 1972 | ||||
- Third Series
- Bangladesh Government signed agreements with Thomas De La Rue and Bradbury Wilkinson at the same time. Both of them printed same denominations with different design almost at the same time. As a result, two different series were circulating at the same time.[14]
| Bradbury Wilkinson Series (1972) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Main Color | Description | First Issue | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
| ৳1 | Dark purple, light purple and khaki | Woman pounding grain | Hand holding paddy rice, and theemblem of Bangladesh | 18 December 1973 | |||
| ৳5 | Red | BangabandhuSheikh Mujibur Rahman | Factories by a river | 15 September 1972 | |||
| ৳10 | Green | Rural scene | 15 October 1973 | ||||
- Fourth Series
- During 1976 a completely new series of notes was introduced, with the exception of the 1-taka note, which was released as the second variety of the third issue during 1976. The notes of this issue are notable for the absence of the portrait of Sheikh Mujib, whose portrait had dominated all issues of the Bangladesh Bank until this issue. Instead of the familiar portrait, each note has an illustration of the Star Mosque on its front. 50 and 500 taka denomination was added in this series. 5,10,50 and 100 taka denominations were printed by Thomas De La Rue. 500 taka notes were printed by Giesecke and Devrient of Germany.[15]
| Star Mosque Series (1976) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Main Color | Description | First Issue | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
| ৳5 | Brown | Star Mosque | Factories by a river | 11 October 1976 | |||
| ৳10 | Purple | Rice harvest | 11 October 1976 | ||||
| ৳50 | Orange | Tea garden | 1 March 1976 | ||||
| ৳100 | Orange and blue | River scene | 1 March 1976 | ||||
| ৳500 | Blue, purple and black | Supreme Court of Bangladesh | 15 December 1976 | ||||
- Fifth Series
- The fifth issue of banknotes was introduced over a two-year period from December 1977 to September 1979. The notes of this issue are very similar to those of the fourth issue; except the ‘Star Mosque’ was replaced on most notes by a new vignette and the colours of the notes are a little darker. There was no 500-taka note released in this issue, but a new denomination note of 20 taka was introduced on 20 August 1979, being the last note of this issue prepared by the Bangladesh Bank.[15]
| Fifth Series (1977) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Main Color | Description | First Issue | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
| ৳1 | Orange and yellow | Theemblem of Bangladesh | Threespotted deer | 3 September 1979 | |||
| ৳5 | Brown | Mihrab of theKusumba Mosque | Factories by a river | 2 May 1978 | |||
| ৳10 | Purple | Atia Mosque | Rice harvest | 3 August 1978 | |||
| ৳20 | Green | Choto Sona Mosque | Jutewashing | 20 August 1979 | |||
| ৳50 | Orange | Sat Gambuj Mosque | Tea garden | 4 June 1979 | |||
| ৳100 | Blue and brown | Star Mosque | Southern gate ofLalbagh Fort | 15 December 1977 | |||
- Sixth Series
- During the 1980s, some designs of taka notes were introduced, but most of the designs were the same. A new denomination of taka 2 note was also introduced. 10 and 50 takas were redesigned. Other denominations were the same as the previous series.
| 1980s Banknotes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Main Color | Description | First Issue | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
| ৳2 | Salmon pink and green | Shaheed Minar | Thedoyel(the national bird) | 29 December 1988 | |||
| ৳10 | Copper | Atia Mosque | Spillway ofKaptai Dam | 3 September 1982 | |||
| ৳50 | Red | National Martyrs' Memorial | Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban | 24 August 1987 | |||
- Seventh Series
- During the 90s newly designed banknotes of 10,50 and 500 taka were printed. 10 taka note had a portrait ofBangabandhu.
| 90s Series | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Main Color | Description | First Issue | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
| ৳10 | Green and brown | Sheikh Mujibur Rahmanand | Lalbagh FortMosque | 11 December 1997 | |||
| ৳50 | Orange | Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban | Bagha Mosque | 22 August 1999 | |||
| ৳500 | Blue and orange | National Martyrs' Memorial | Supreme Court of Bangladesh | 2 July 1998 | |||
- Eighth Series
- This series was printed between 2000 and 2001. A polymer banknote of denomination 10 was added, but later withdrawn due to lack of popularity. Paper notes of denomination 100 and 500 were printed with new designs. A portrait ofSheikh Mujibur Rahmanwas added on each new note replacing the National Martyrs’ Memorial Monument.
| Bangabandhu Series (2000) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Main Color | Description | First Issue | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
| ৳10 | Pink | Sheikh Mujibur RahmanandBaitul Mukarram National Mosque | Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban | 2000 | |||
| ৳100 | Blue | BangabandhuSheikh Mujibur RahmananSixty Dome Mosque | Jamuna Bridge | 15 March 2001 | |||
| ৳500 | Cream and Pink | BangabandhuSheikh Mujibur RahmanandSat Gambuj Mosque | Supreme Court of Bangladesh | 10 August 2000 | |||
- Ninth Series
- After a change in government new series of banknotes were introduced in 2002–2003. The portrait of Bangabandhu was absent in this series. In 2008, 1000 taka note was introduced for the first time.
| Ninth Series | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Main Color | Description | First Issue | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | ||||
| ৳10 | Pink | National emblem andBaitul Mukarram National Mosque | Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban | 7 January 2002 | |||
| ৳20 | Green | Choto Sona Mosque | Washingjute | 13 July 2002 | |||
| ৳50 | Yellow and copper | Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban | Bagha Mosque | 12 May 2003 | |||
| ৳100 | Blue | National Martyrs' MemorialandSixty Dome Mosque | Jamuna Bridge | 5 June 2002 | |||
| ৳500 | Cream and pink | National Martyrs' MemorialandSat Gambuj Mosque | Supreme Court of Bangladesh | 17 July 2002 | |||
| ৳1000 | Pink | Shaheed Minar | Curzon Hall, Dhaka University | 27 October 2008 | |||
Current circulating banknotes
editThe Bangladesh Bank has issued a new series of banknotes, phasing out the older designs for new, more secure ones. All banknotes other than the 1 taka feature a portrait ofSheikh Mujibur Rahmanon the obverse along with the watermark of theNational Martyrs’ Memorial.[16]
| Bangabandhu Series (Latest Issue)[16] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Dimensions | Main color | Description | Date of issue | ||||
| Obverse | Reverse | Obverse | Reverse | Watermark | |||||
| ৳2 | 100 × 60 mm | Tan & Green | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | Shaheed Minar, Dhaka | National Martyrs’ Memorialand electrotype denomination |
15 July 2021[18] | |||
| ৳5 | 110 × 65 mm | Grey | Kusumba Mosque | 5 January 2017 | |||||
|
|
৳10 | 115 × 65 mm | Pink | Baitul Mukarram National Mosque | 7 March 2012 | |||
| ৳20 | 120 × 65 mm | Green | Sixty Dome Mosque | 7 March 2012 | |||||
| ৳50 | 131 × 65 mm | Orange | Ploughing(Zainul Abedin's painting) | 15 December 2019 | |||||
|
৳100 | 139 × 65 mm | Blue | Star Mosque | 9 August 2011 | ||||
|
|
৳200 | 139 × 65 mm | Yellow | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman,agriculture in Bangladesh | 17 March 2020 | |||
|
৳500 | 147 × 65 mm | Cyan | Agriculture in Bangladesh | 9 August 2011 | ||||
|
|
৳1000 | 155 × 65 mm | Violet | Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban | 9 August 2011 | |||
Commemorative banknotes
editThe folder of the banknote for the 40th anniversary of the independence of Bangladesh had a spelling error of the name of the country. It was inserted asBangldeshinstead ofBangladesh.[19]
| Commemorative banknotes of the Bangladeshi taka | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value | Dimensions | Main colors | Description | Year of issue | Date of first issue | Print volume | Watermark | |
| Obverse | Reverse | |||||||
| ৳10 | Violet on multicolor underprint | Atiya Jam-e Mosque in Tangali | Spillway ofKaptai Dam | 1996 | Modified tiger head; overprint on obverse watermark area: "VICTORY DAY SILVER JUBILEE '96" | |||
| ৳40 | 122 x 60 mm | Dark red, orange, and green | Bangabandhu;National monument (Savar) | Soldiers | 2011 | 21 December 2011 | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, electrotype 10 denomination and bank logo | |
| ৳60 | 130 x 60 mm | Yellow, brown, violet, orange, and blue | Shaheed Minar monument | Veterans of theLanguage Movement,first Shaheed Minar monument (1952) | 2012 | 15 February 2012 | 20,000
(5000 in folders) |
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on pixelated background, electrotype bank logo and 50 |
| ৳25 | 123 x 60 mm | Blue, purple and red | National Martyr's Monument in Savar, Bangladeshi taka banknotes and postage stamps, three spotted deer, magpie-robin (doyel) | Headquarters of the Security Printing Corporation | 2013 | 26 January 2013 | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, electrotype 10 denomination and bank logo | |
| ৳100 | 140 x 62 mm | Blue and red | 18th-century terra-cotta plaque of a horseman | Bangladesh National Museum | 2013 | 9 July 2013 | 100,000
(11,000 in folders) |
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on a pixelated background, electrotype 100 denomination and bank logo |
| ৳70 | 140 x 62 mm | Purple, orange and green | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman; map of Bangladesh;National Martyrs' Memorialin Savar; Betbunia Satellite Center | Bangabandhu-1satellite in orbit above earth;Padma Bridge;Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina; bank logo | 2018 | 22 March 2018 | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on a pixelated background, electrotype 100 denomination and bank logo | |
| ৳100 | 140 x 62 mm | Red, orange and yellow | Portrait of the Father of the Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Signature of Bangabandhu. | Picture of the Sundarbans mangrove forest with The Royal Bengal Tiger and the riverbank view | 2020 | 18 March 2020[20] | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on a pixelated background, electrotype 100 denomination and bank logo | |
| ৳50 | Purple, light yellow and green | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman; National Martyrs’ Monument in Savar; logo for the golden jubilee of independence | Freedom Fighters of theLiberation Army | 2021 | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on a pixelated background, electrotype 50 and bank logo | |||
Exchange rates
editThis section needs to beupdated.(December 2023) |
Historic exchange rates
editUponBangladesh's independence,the value of the Bangladeshi taka was set between ৳7.5 and ৳8.0 to US$1. Except for fiscal year 1978, the taka's value relative to the US dollar declined every year from 1971 through the end of 1987. To help offset this phenomenon, Bangladesh first used the compensatory financing facility of theInternational Monetary Fundin fiscal year 1974. Despite the increasing need for assistance, the Mujib government was initially unwilling to meet the IMF's conditions on monetary and fiscal policy. By fiscal year 1975, however, the government revised its stance, declaring adevaluationof the taka by 56 percent and agreeing to establishing the Bangladesh Aid Group by theWorld Bank.[21]
Between 1980 and 1983, the taka sustained a decline of some 50 percent because of a deterioration in Bangladesh'sbalance of payments.[21]Between 1985 and 1987, the taka was adjusted in frequent incremental steps, stabilising again around 12 percent lower in real terms against the US dollar, but at the same time narrowing the difference between the official rate and the preferential secondary rate from 15 percent to 7.5 percent.[21]Accompanying thisstructural adjustmentwas an expansion in trade conducted at the secondary rate, to 53 percent of total exports and 28 percent of total imports.[21]In mid-1987, the official rate was relatively stable, approaching less than ৳31 to US$1.[21]In January 2011, US$1 was equivalent to approximately ৳72,[22]as of 21 April 2012, US$1 was worth close to ৳82, and as of 9 September 2015 US$1 valued ৳77.
| Currency | ISO code | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 1996 | 2000 | 2001 | 2005 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. dollar | USD | 7.86 | 18.31 | 36.75 | 40.8 | 50.82 | 53.84 | 58.11 | 67.29 | 67.34 | 67.40 | 68.11 | 69.84 | 81.64 | 78.31 | 76.45 | 78.85 |
| Japanese yen | JPY | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.27 | 0.38 | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.56 | 0.55 | 0.62 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.84 | 1.06 | 0.88 | 0.73 | 0.64 |
| Soviet ruble(until 1993) Russian ruble(1993 – present) |
SUR RUB |
14.93 | 29.00 | 55.12 | 8.16 | 1.85 | 1.91 | 2.17 | 2.62 | 2.79 | 2.14 | 2.31 | 2.35 | 2.66 | 2.63 | 2.29 | 1.20 |
| Euro | EUR | – | – | – | – | 51.48 | 50.57 | 76.37 | 87.45 | 98.99 | 90.01 | 97.28 | 93.26 | 105.26 | 103.98 | 104.22 | 89.26 |
| Pound sterling | GBP | 18.92 | 44.02 | 71.01 | 62.48 | 83.23 | 79.59 | 109.35 | 131.74 | 132.6 | 97.66 | 110.01 | 110.04 | 126.57 | 125.19 | 125.90 | 116.13 |
| Swiss franc | CHF | 1.8 | 10.08 | 28.89 | 34.63 | 31.97 | 33.07 | 49.38 | 53.73 | 60.99 | 60.23 | 65.87 | 73.1 | 86.91 | 84.7 | 84.66 | 81.26 |
| Hong Kong dollar | HKD | 1.31 | 3.53 | 4.68 | 5.28 | 6.53 | 6.9 | 7.45 | 8.62 | 8.62 | 8.69 | 8.77 | 8.97 | 10.51 | 10.1 | 9.85 | 9.86 |
| Malaysian ringgit | MYR | 2.55 | 8.23 | 13.54 | 15.97 | 13.37 | 14.16 | 15.25 | 19.12 | 20.54 | 18.86 | 20.06 | 22.71 | 26.14 | 25.68 | 23.14 | 21.41 |
| Kuwaiti dinar | KWD | 22.09 | 64.51 | 128.73 | 136.25 | 167.01 | 176.05 | 197.82 | 231.69 | 245.83 | 235.31 | 236.52 | 247.62 | 292.46 | 277.6 | 270.16 | 259.66 |
| Saudi riyal | SAR | 1.75 | 5.5 | 9.79 | 10.88 | 13.55 | 14.35 | 15.49 | 17.93 | 17.92 | 17.95 | 18.14 | 18.6 | 21.76 | 20.87 | 20.38 | 20.36 |
| Emirate dirham | AED | 1.65 | 4.89 | 9.96 | 11.11 | 13.84 | 14.65 | 15.82 | 18.31 | 18.33 | 18.34 | 18.54 | 19.01 | 22.22 | 21.31 | 20.81 | 20.82 |
See also
editReferences
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- ^Devnath, Arun (8 May 2024)."Bangladesh Introduces Crawling Peg for Taka as Rates Raised".Bloomberg.Archived fromthe originalon 9 May 2024.Retrieved9 May2024– via Financial Post.
- ^"taka".The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language(5th ed.). HarperCollins Publishers. 2022.Archivedfrom the original on 31 March 2022.Retrieved25 February2022.
- ^"Taka".Banglapedia.Archivedfrom the original on 16 January 2020.Retrieved5 January2020.
- ^Linzmayer, Owen (2012). "Bangladesh".The Banknote Book.San Francisco, CA.Archivedfrom the original on 29 August 2012.Retrieved27 April2012.
{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^"Bangladesh".www.banknote.ws.Archivedfrom the original on 11 July 2017.Retrieved10 September2015.
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- ^"Bangladesh new 60-taka commemorative note confirmed".banknotenews.com.Archived fromthe originalon 21 February 2012.Retrieved16 February2012.
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- ^abSymes, Peter."The Bank Notes of Bangladesh – The First Ten Years (Part 1)".P J Symes.Archivedfrom the original on 3 March 2023.Retrieved3 August2020.
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- ^ab"Notes".Bangladesh Bank.Archivedfrom the original on 17 November 2017.Retrieved17 January2017.
- ^"Bangladesh banknotes - Bangladesh paper money catalog and Bangladeshi currency history".www.atsnotes.com.Archivedfrom the original on 13 January 2017.Retrieved16 January2017.
- ^"বাজারে আসছে নতুন অর্থসচিব স্বাক্ষরিত ২ ও ৫ টাকার নোট".Archivedfrom the original on 5 June 2023.Retrieved5 June2023.
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- ^abcdeLesser, Lawrence B. (1989)."Money and Banking".In Heitzman, James; Worden, Robert (eds.).Bangladesh: A Country Study.Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. pp. 108–109.Archivedfrom the original on 22 June 2011.Retrieved26 August2016.
- ^"Historical Exchange Rates".OANDA.Archivedfrom the original on 2 February 2011.Retrieved3 January2011.
- Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler (1991).Standard Catalog of World Coins:1801–1991(18th ed.). Krause Publications.ISBN0873411501.
- Pick, Albert (1994).Standard Catalog of World Paper Money:General Issues.Colin R. Bruce II and Neil Shafer (editors) (7th ed.). Krause Publications.ISBN0-87341-207-9.
