Camden, South Carolina

Camdenis the largest city in and thecounty seatofKershaw County, South Carolina,United States. The population was 7,764 in the2020 census,and the 2022 population estimate is 8,213.It is part of theColumbia, South Carolina, Metropolitan Statistical Area.Camden is the oldest inland city in South Carolina, and home to theCarolina Cupand the National Steeplechase Museum.

Camden, South Carolina
City
Camden City Hall
Seal
Nickname: SteeplechaseCapital of the World
Motto: "Classically Carolina"
Coordinates:34°15′33″N80°36′33″W
Country	United States
State	South Carolina
County	Kershaw
Founded	March 22, 1786
Government
• Type	City manager-council
• Mayor	Vincent Sheheen(D)
• Fire Chief	Brian Cox
Area
• Total	11.90 sq mi (30.82 km2)
• Land	11.11 sq mi (28.77 km2)
• Water	0.79 sq mi (2.05 km2)
Elevation	187 ft (57 m)
Population (2020)
• Total	7,788
• Density	701.18/sq mi (270.72/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5(Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4(Eastern)
ZIP codes	29020 & 29021
Area code(s)	803, 839
FIPS code	45-10855
GNISfeature ID	1247113
Website	experiencecamdensc.com

Geography

Original Kershaw County courthouse in Camden

Downtown Camden, SC

Camden is located in theMidlands of South Carolina,in the south-central part of Kershaw County. It sits on the northeast side of theWateree River,a south-flowing tributary of theSantee River.According to theUnited States Census Bureau,Camden has a total area of 11.39 square miles (29.49 km²), of which 10.68 square miles (27.66 km²) are land and 0.71 square miles (1.83 km²), or 6.21%, are water.

U.S. Route 521runs through downtown as Broad Street, leading 29 miles (47 km) southeast toSumter,and 76 miles (122 km) north toCharlotte, North Carolina.US 601runs with US 521 through downtown, leading 21 miles (34 km) north with US 521 toKershaw,and south on its own 50 miles (80 km) toSt. Matthewsand 63 miles (101 km) toOrangeburg.US Route 1(DeKalb Street) intersects with US 521 and 601 in downtown, leading 32 miles (51 km) southwest to the state capital,Columbia,and 61 miles (98 km) northeast toCheraw.Interstate 20passes 2 miles (3 km) south of the city's center; it leads east 50 miles (80 km) toFlorenceand southwest to Columbia.

Neighborhoods

• East Camden
• Knights Hill
• Dusty Bend
• Windsor Heights
• White Gardens
• Arrowwood
• The RaceTracks
• Sunnyhill

History

Colonial years

Camden is the oldest inland city and the fourth oldest city in South Carolina. It is near the center of theCofitachequichiefdom that existed in the 1500s.In 1730, Camden became part of a township plan ordered byKing George II.Kershaw County's official website states, "Originally laid out in 1732 as the town of Fredericksburg in theWateree Riverswamp (south of the present town) when King George II ordered eleven inland townships established along South Carolina's rivers, few of the area settlers chose to take lots surveyed in the town, choosing the higher ground to the north. The township soon disappeared. "In 1758, Joseph Kershaw fromYorkshire,England, came into the township, established a store, and renamed the town "Pine Tree Hill". Camden became the main inland trade center in the colony. Kershaw suggested that the town be renamed Camden, in honor ofLord Camden,a champion of colonial rights in the British Parliament.In the 1770s it was the site of an early American porcelain factory, established byJohn Bartlam.

American Revolution and antebellum era

Flag of Great Britainin Camden, representing the city's connection to the Revolutionary War period.

May 1780 brought theAmerican RevolutiontoCharleston, South Carolina,when it fell under the Crown's control. Lord CharlesCornwallisand 2,500 of his Loyalist and British troops marched to Camden and established there the main British supply post for the Southern campaign. TheBattle of Camden,the worst American defeat of the Revolution, was fought on August 16, 1780, near Camden, and on April 25, 1781, theBattle of Hobkirk's Hillwas fought between about 1,400 troops led by GeneralNathanael Greeneand 950 Loyalists and British soldiers led by LordFrancis Rawdon.The latter battle was a costly win for the British and forced them to leave Camden and retreat to the coast.

After the Revolution, Camden's prominence and wealth grew as a major interior trading town with direct ties to Charleston and the world. Regional products, augmented with goods from the interior ofNorth Carolinaand far lands to the west were transported from Camden to Charleston on flat-bottom riverboats that plied the adjacent Wateree River before the railroad arrived in 1842. An Episcopal seminary opened in the town in 1857, but the campus burned during Sherman's invasion. The school did not reopen.

American Civil War and later years

American Revolutionary Warreenactment.

Camden was the source of sixConfederategenerals during theAmerican Civil War.Richard Rowland Kirkland– "The Angel of Marye's Heights" – is interred in theOld Quaker Cemetery.At the end of the war, components ofSherman'sarmy burned Confederate and nearby properties, including a full block of downtown buildings. The last Federal officer killed in the Civil War was 1st Lt E.L. Stevens of the54th MassachusettsInfantry who died in a skirmish 9 miles south of Camden at theBattle of Boykin's Millon April 18, 1865.

Starting in the mid-1880s the Camden area became an increasingly popular destination for wealthy northern families to spend the winter. Eventually, three resort hotels provided winter tourism activities well into the 1930s and beyond. The town became associated with many equestrian activities and is now the home of the third oldest activepolofield in America. In the winter, more than 1,500thoroughbredscall the area home. According to Kershaw County's web site, "Horse-related activities became very popular. That interest in equine activities has continued and today the horse industry is a major part of the county's economy. For that reason, the city is known as the 'SteeplechaseCapital of the World'. "

Aerial view of the Orlon Plant in Camden.

In 1950, Dupont opened the Dupont May Plant in Camden which manufacturedOrlon.The plant was located on five miles of land and employed over 2,000 people.For many years it was the town's largest employer.In 1977, DuPont notified theNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Healthof a study the company conducted which showed an "excessive incidence and cancer mortality" rate among a cohort of workers who worked at the plant from 1950 to 1955.The findings were liked to a major chemical component of Orlon,acrylonitrile.Citing issues with foreign competition, Dupont ended the production of Orlon in 1990.Since the closure of the Orlon plant, the town has attracted a number of manufacturing companies such as Hengst GmbH & Co. andHaier.In 2003, Target opened an $85 million distribution center in the town.

Jewish community

Camden has long had a Jewish community. Members of the community have includedDavid Camden de Leon,Mordecai M. Levy,Chapman Levy,andBernard Baruch.

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1850	1,133		—
1860	1,621		43.1%
1870	1,007		−37.9%
1880	1,780		76.8%
1890	3,533		98.5%
1900	2,441		−30.9%
1910	3,569		46.2%
1920	3,930		10.1%
1930	5,183		31.9%
1940	5,747		10.9%
1950	6,986		21.6%
1960	6,842		−2.1%
1970	8,532		24.7%
1980	7,462		−12.5%
1990	6,696		−10.3%
2000	6,682		−0.2%
2010	6,838		2.3%
2020	7,788		13.9%
U.S. Decennial Census

2020 census

Camden racial composition

Race	Num.	Perc.
White(non-Hispanic)	4,744	60.91%
Black or African American(non-Hispanic)	2,367	30.39%
Native American	13	0.17%
Asian	68	0.87%
Pacific Islander	1	0.01%
Other/Mixed	257	3.3%
HispanicorLatino	338	4.34%

As of the2020 United States census,there were 7,788 people, 2,905 households, and 1,810 families residing in the city.

2010 census

As of the censusof 2010, there were 6,838 people living in the city limits, in 2,967 households and 1,800 families. The population density was 692.2 inhabitants per square mile (267.3/km²). There were 3,544 housing units at an average density of 331.8 per square mile (128.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 62.2%White,35.1%African American,0.20%Native American,0.7%Asian,0%Pacific Islander,2.7% fromother races,and 1.1% from two or more races.HispanicorLatinopeople of any race were 2.4% of the population.

There were 2,967 households, out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.1% were married couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.3% were non-families. 35.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.9% under the age of 18, 20.1% from 18 to 39, 34.5% from 40 to 64, 17.3% from 65 to 84, and 4.3% who were 85 years of age or older. The median age was 45.3 years. 45.0% of the population was male and 55.0% of the population was female.

The Kershaw House, Georgian mansion first built, 1775–1780, by Joseph Kershaw, merchant and leading citizen of Camden became the headquarters for the occupying British army, 1780–1781. It burned in 1865, and was the object of anarchaeological digin 1968. Then it was rebuilt from 1974 to 1977.

The median income for a household in the city was $48,313, and the median income for a family was $62,140. Males had a median income of $42,597 versus $32,524 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,385. About 13.7% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.3% of those under age 18 and 13.2% of those aged 65 or over.

Government

Camden has a city manager–council form of government. Alfred Mae Drakeford, an African American woman, was electedmayorof Camden in November 2016. Current City Council members are Hamilton Boykin; Joanna B. Craig and Stephen R. Smoak.

Camden has been represented in theSouth Carolina SenatebyVincent Sheheen,who was born in Camden;Penry Gustafson,Thomas McElveen,and currently byJeffrey R. Graham,a former Camden Mayor and City Council member. Camden is part ofSouth Carolina's 5th Congressional District,which is represented byRalph Norman.

Education

Cadets fromCamden Military Academyperform in a parade.

TheKershaw County School Districtis the governing body of the public schools in the area. The district operates Pine Tree Hill Elementary School, Jackson Elementary School, Camden Elementary School, Woolard Technology Center (WTC), Camden Middle School, andCamden High School.

Camden Military Academy,the Montessori School of Camden, and Cornerstone Christian School are private institutions.

Central Carolina Technical Collegehas two branches located in Camden.

Camden has apublic library,a branch of the Kershaw County Library.

Arts and culture

Kendall Lake in Camden, SC

TheCarolina Cupis an annual event held on either the final Saturday in March or the first Saturday of April. The first race was held on March 22, 1930, and has been held every year since, with the exception of 1943 and 1945 during World War II and 2020 due to thecoronavirus.The races have become a South Carolina tradition, and normally draw a crowd of over 70,000 spectators. "The Cup" has become a premier social sporting event in Camden and in South Carolina. The race is held at the Springdale Race Course, just north of Camden. The National Steeplechase Museum is located near the course. Among major steeplechase horse races, the Carolina Cup is unique that in South Carolina state law prohibits gambling on horse racing.

Held annually on the first Saturday of March, Irish Fest Camden draws over 2,000 visitors to its celebration of Saint Patrick's Day and Irish and Celtic culture. Founded in 2017, the festival features live Irish music and dancing, the Lucky Leprechaun 5K race, heavy event athletics, a kids zone, arts & crafts, a Medieval/Renaissance encampment, Irish wolfhounds, Gypsy Vanner horses, exotic birds, food trucks, and festive green beer.

Revolutionary War Field Days are the signature event of Historic Camden, held the first full weekend of November since 1970.Hundreds of reenactors from across the country converge on the grounds to camp, battle, and celebrate over the weekend. Visitors have a chance to be a spectator for a battle each day, and they will be able to walk through the camps of the combatants while seeing demonstrations of Colonial crafts and skills. Colonial sutlers (merchants) and scholars giving talks about the war are on site as well. More than 3,400 spectators and 350 reenactors and demonstrators attended the 2017 event.

Transportation

• Seaboard Air Line Railway Depot
• Woodward Field(Kershaw County Airport)

Media

TheChronicle-Independenthas served as the localnewspaperof Camden since 1889.WPUB-FMis aradio stationlicensed to Camden that broadcastsoldiesformat.WCAM1590 is another radio station licensed to Camden, which broadcasts inadult standardsformat.

Notable people

• Thomas Austin,NFLplayer
• Bernard Baruch,financier and presidential adviser
• Charles Bennett,NFL player
• Brook Benton,singer
• Mary Chesnut,author and Civil War diarist
• Robert Clarkson,lawyer, tax protester
• Larry Doby,first African American to play in theAmerican League,member ofBaseball Hall of Fame
• Bobby Engram,NFL player
• Vonnie Holliday,NFL player
• Lorenzo James,19th-century politician
• Joseph Brevard Kershaw(1822–1894), lawyer, judge and general
• Lane Kirkland(1922–1999), union leader ofAFL–CIO
• Michael Kohn,Major League Baseballplayer
• Kathleen Parker,journalist, winner of2010 Pulitzer Prizefor commentary; resident of Camden
• Vincent Sheheen,state senatorand 2010 Democratic nominee forgovernor
• Scipio Vaughan,former slave and founder of the influentialVaughan familyin the United States andNigeria.
• John C. West,Governor of South Carolina (1971–1975)
• Lois Rhame West,First Lady of South Carolina (1971–1975), first woman to chair theMuscular Dystrophy Association.
• Johnson Chesnut Whittaker(1858–1931), one of the first black men to win an appointment to theUnited States Military AcademyatWest Point
• Richie Williams,CFLplayer
• Samuel E. Wright,actor and Broadway performer
• Shawn Elliott,Head Collegiate Coach, Georgia State University

See also

• List of historic landmarks in Camden, South Carolina

Further reading

• Inabelt, Joan & L. Glen Inabinet,A History of Kershaw County, South Carolina.(University of South Carolina Press, 2011). 718 pg. See pp. 90, 237, 271, 328, 398, 427,431, 433, 538, 558–59.
• Lewis, Kenneth E.The Carolina Backcountry Venture: Tradition, Capital, and Circumstance in the Development of Camden and the Wateree Valley, 1740—1810(University of South Carolina Press, 2017). xviii, 436 pp.
• Stokes, Karen D., ed. "Sherman's Army Comes to Camden: The Civil War Narrative of Sarah Dehon Trapier",South Carolina Historical Magazine,109 (April 2008), 95–120.

External links

• Official website
• Historic Camden
• Kershaw County Chamber of Commerce & Visitor Center