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Cape Verdeans

Cape Verdeans,also calledCabo Verdeans(Portuguese:cabo-verdiano), are a people native toCape Verde,anisland nationinWest Africaconsisting of an archipelago in the centralAtlantic Ocean.Cape Verde is a multi-ethnic society, which means that it is home to people of many different ethnic backgrounds. Cabo Verdeans do not consider their nationality as an ethnicity but as a citizenship with various ethnicities.

Cape Verdeans
Flag of Cape Verde
Total population
c.500,000–850,000
Cape Verdean ancestry and citizenship worldwide
Regions with significant populations
Cape Verde491,875(2010)[1]
Portugal68,145–200,000[2] [3]
United States33,119[4]–102,853[5]
Senegal25,000 (1995)
Netherlands21,218(2011)[6]
Argentina15.000(1995)[7]
Spain10,000[2] [8]
Italy10.000(1999)[9]
Angola9,400[10]
France8,000[2] [11]
Mozambique6,843[10]
Cuba6,000
Mexico5,000
Brazil4,500
Canada4,000(1999)[12]
Germany3,500(1995)[13]
Luxembourg2,562(2021)[14]
São Tomé and Príncipe1,237[10]
Uruguay1,000
Venezuela1,000
Languages
Cape Verdean Creole,Portuguese
Religion
PredominantlyRoman Catholicism
Protestantism,Irreligion

Ethnic groups

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TheCape Verdearchipelagowas uninhabited when thePortugueselanded there in 1456. Africans from the main lands and Arabs from adjacentWest Africawere brought to the islands to work on Portuguese plantations. As a result, many Cape Verdeans are ofmixed ethnicity.European ancestors also include Italian and French. The last time Cape Verde counted racial origin was in the 1950 census.

Italian seamen who were granted land by thePortuguese Empire,were followed by Portuguese settlers, exiles, andPortuguese Jews(lançados) who were victims of theInquisition.Many foreigners from other parts of the world settled in Cape Verde as their permanent country. Most of them wereDutch,French,British,Spanish,or theEnglish,as well asArabsand Jews (fromLebanonandMorocco).

Diaspora

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Main article:Cape Verdean diaspora

Prior to independence in 1975, many thousands of people emigrated from drought-strickenPortuguese Cape Verde,formerly anoverseas provinceof Portugal. Because these people arrived using their Portuguese passports, they were registered asPortuguese immigrantsby the authorities. Today, more Cape Verdeans live abroad than in Cape Verde itself, with significant emigrant[15]Cape Verdean communities in Brazil and in the United States (102,000 of Cape Verdeans descent in the U.S., with a major concentration on theNew Englandcoast fromProvidence, Rhode Island,toNew Bedford, Massachusetts).

In 2008, Portugal's National Statistics Institute estimated that there were 68,145 Cape Verdeans who legally resided in Portugal. This made up "15.7% of all foreign nationals living legally in the country."[2]

Languages

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Cape Verde's official language isPortuguese.It is the language of instruction and government.[citation needed]

Cape Verdean Creoleis used colloquially, and is the mother tongue of virtually all Cape Verdeans. Cape Verdean Creole orKrioluis a Portuguese-basedcreole,on adialect continuum,that came fromGuinea-Bissau Creole.[citation needed]There is a substantial body of literature in Creole, especially in theSantiago Creoleand theSão Vicente Creole.Creole has been gaining prestige since the nation's independence from Portugal.[citation needed]

Religion

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Main article:Religion in Cape Verde
A church inSantiago,Cape Verde

Religion in Cape Verde (2010)[16]

Catholic Church(78.7%)
Other Christian (10.4%)
Other or Non Religious (10.9%)

More than 80% of the population ofCape Verdeis nominallyRoman Catholic,according to an informal poll taken by local churches.[17]About 5% of the population is Protestant.[18]The largestProtestantdenomination is theChurch of the Nazarene.[17]

Other religious groups include theSeventh-day Adventist Church,the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints,theAssemblies of God,theUniversal Church of the Kingdom of God,theNew Apostolic Church,and various otherPentecostalandevangelicalgroups.[17]There are also smallBaháʼícommunities and a smallMuslimcommunity.[17]The number ofatheistsis estimated at less than 1 percent of the population.[17]

Culture

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Main article:Culture of Cape Verde

Thecultureof Cape Verde reflects its mixed West African (Badiu) and Portuguese roots. It is well known for its diverse forms of music such asMorna,and a wide variety of dances: the soft danceMorna,theFunaná,the extreme sensuality ofcoladeira,and theBatuquedance. These are reflective of the diverse origins of Cape Verde's residents. The term "Criolo", or also "Kriolu"[19]is used to refer to residents as well as the culture of Cape Verde.

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Estado da população cabo-verdiana".Archived fromthe originalon 2014-11-13.Retrieved2015-01-12.
  2. ^abcdA Semana. "Cape Verdeans make up 15.7% of all foreigners in Portugal." Retrieved January 20, 2008.ArchivedFebruary 29, 2008, at theWayback Machine
  3. ^1995 Cape Verdean Diaspora Population EstimatesArchived2009-08-29 at theWayback Machine
  4. ^"PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES, Universe: Foreign-born population excluding population born at sea, 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates".United States Census Bureau.Retrieved16 July2013.[dead link‍]
  5. ^"American FactFinder - Results 2011".US Census Bureau.Archived fromthe originalon 12 February 2020.Retrieved9 May2016.
  6. ^CBS 2010
  7. ^University of Massachusetts - Dartmouth. "1995 Cape Verdean Diaspora Population Estimates." Retrieved on October 18, 2007.ArchivedAugust 29, 2009, at theWayback Machine
  8. ^1995 Cape Verdean Diaspora Population EstimatesArchived2009-08-29 at theWayback Machine
  9. ^OECD 2004
  10. ^abc"Cape Verde - International emigrant stock".
  11. ^1995 Cape Verdean Diaspora Population EstimatesArchived2009-08-29 at theWayback Machine
  12. ^Cape Verdean Diaspora Population Estimates,Caboverde Informatics Project, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, archived fromthe originalon 2009-08-29,retrieved2009-08-26
  13. ^1995 Cape Verdean Diaspora Population EstimatesArchived2009-08-29 at theWayback Machine
  14. ^"Une large palette de nationalités".statistiques.public.lu(in French).Retrieved2024-02-03.
  15. ^Jorgen Carling, 2004, p.113-132
  16. ^(CABO VERDE)Archived2014-07-19 at theWayback Machine.Retrieved 06-10-2012.
  17. ^abcdeInternational Religious Freedom Report 2007: Cape Verde.United StatesBureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor(September 14, 2007).This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
  18. ^Susanne Lipps:Kapverdische Inseln,p.47. Ostfilern 2009.
  19. ^Hurley-Glowa, Susan (2015)."Cape Verdeans in the Atlantic: the formation of Kriolu music and dance styles on ship and in port".African Music.10(1): 7–30.doi:10.21504/amj.v10i1.1224.Retrieved23 March2017.

Bibliography

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toPeople of Cape Verde.


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