Carbuncle

For other uses, seeCarbuncle (disambiguation).

Acarbuncleis a cluster ofboilscaused bybacterialinfection,most commonly withStaphylococcus aureusorStreptococcus pyogenes.The presence of a carbuncle is a sign that theimmune systemis active and fighting the infection.The infection iscontagiousand may spread to other areas of the body, or other people; those living in the same residence may develop carbuncles at the same time.In the early 21st century, infection involvingmethicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has become more common.

Carbuncle
Carbuncle on buttock of a diabetic person
Pronunciation	/ˈkɑːrbʌŋkəl/
Specialty	Dermatology

Signs and symptoms

A carbuncle is a cluster of severalboils,which is typically filled withpurulent exudate(deadneutrophils,phagocytized bacteria, and other cellular components).Fluid may drain freely from the carbuncle, or intervention involving anincision and drainageprocedure may be needed.Carbuncles may develop anywhere, but they are most common on the back and thenapeof theneck.

A carbuncle ispalpableand can range in size from as small as apeato as large as agolf ball.The surrounding area isindurated.Later, skin on the centre of the carbuncle softens and peripheral satellitevesiclesappear; these rupture, discharging pus, and give rise tocribriformappearance.As the impending infection develops,itchingmay occur. There may be localizederythemaor skin irritation, and the area may be painful when touched. Sometimes more severe symptoms may occur, such asfatigue,fever,chills,and generalmalaiseas the body fights the infection.

Cause

Infections by bacteria, commonly strep and staph.

Society and culture

Etymology

The word is believed to have originated from the Latin:carbunculus,originally a small coal; diminutive ofcarbon-,carbo:charcoal or ember, but also acarbuncle stone,"precious stones of a red or fiery colour", usuallygarnets.

Metaphor: the "monstrous carbuncle"

In 1984,Charles III,then Prince of Wales, described the proposed Sainsbury Wing extension to theNational Galleryin London as a "monstrous carbuncle on the face of a much-loved and elegant friend",a term he has used since to describe other pieces of architecture.