Wikipedia

Changan Automobile

For other uses, seeChang'an (disambiguation).

Changan Automobile Co., Ltd.[2](CCAG)is a Chinesestate-ownedautomobile manufacturer headquartered inJiangbei,Chongqing.[3]Changan Automobile traces its origins back to 1862 whenLi Hongzhangset up a military supply factory, the Shanghai Foreign Gun Bureau. It was not until 1959 when the factory was repurposed to manufacture Changjiang Type 46 jeep that it became an automobile manufacturer.[4][5]

Changan Automobile (Group) Co., Ltd.
Company typeState-owned
ISINCNE000000R36Edit this on Wikidata
IndustryAutomotive
Founded1862;163 years ago(1862)
Headquarters
Chongqing
,
China
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Wang Jun (President)
ProductsMotor vehicles
Production output
2,553,052 units (2023)[1]
ParentChina South Industries Group
Subsidiaries
Chinese name
Simplified ChineseTrọng khánh trường an khí xa cổ phân hữu hạn công tư
Traditional ChineseTrọng khánh trường an khí xa cổ phân hữu hạn công tư
Literal meaningChongqing Changan Automobile Joint-stock Limited Corporation
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinChóngqìng Cháng'ān Qìchē Gǔfèn Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī
Websiteglobalchangan.com

The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such as Changan,Deepal,Avatr,Kaicene, as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such asChangan FordandChangan Mazda.In 2021, its own brands contributed 76% of its sales (1.75 million, including 1.2 million passenger vehicles).[6]Its principal activity is the production of passenger cars,microvans,commercial vans and light trucks.[7]

A subsidiary of Changan, Chongqing Changan Automobile Company (SZSE:000625), is listed on theShenzhen Stock Exchange(but is also state controlled).[3]

History

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Changan's early origins can be traced back to 1862 whenLi Hongzhangset up a military supply factory, the Shanghai Foreign Gun Bureau.[8]It is China's oldest automobile maker.[5]In 1937, during theSecond Sino-Japanese War,the factory was moved to Chongqing when Shanghai was invaded and bombed.[9]

In 1959 a predecessor entity, Chongqing Changan Arsenal, under contract to the government, began auto manufacturing and built Changjiang Type 46 jeep which was the first production vehicle ofChina.[10]Changan introduced minicar by licensing from Suzuki in 1979.[11]

In 2009, Changan acquired two smaller domestic automakers,HafeiandChanghe.[12]In 2013,Changhewas transferred toJiangxiprovincial government for restructuring, and later became a majority-owned subsidiary of another Chinese automakerBAIC Group.[13]

As of 2010, China Weaponry Equipment is theparent companyof this state-owned automaker,[14]and that year Changan became the fourth most-productive car manufacturer in theChinese automobile industryby selling 2.38 million units.[15]

The company also released a new logo for its consumer offerings in 2010 while commercial production retains the former red-arch brand.[7]

Although it only allowed the company to achieve fourth place among domestic automakers in terms of production, Changan made over 2 million whole vehicles in 2011.[16]

In 2012, it was reported that 72% of production was dedicated to passenger vehicles,[17]but this count likely conflates private offerings andmicrovans,tiny commercial trucks and vans that are popular in China.

In November 2012, Changan Ford Mazda Automobile was divided into two new joint venture companies: Changan Ford and Changan Mazda.[18]

Changan plans on ending production of vehicles powered solely by internal-combustion engines by 2025, as the automaker will be selling only hybrid vehicles and all-electric vehicles from 2025 as a result of climate change and air pollution issues in China as well as stringent emissions regulations. The company stated that this is becauseGovernment of Chinaannounced that it has passed legislation that will ban new ICE-powered vehicles by the mid-2030s, due to high air pollution and due to China's reiterated commitment in the United NationsParis Agreementas the automaker wants to remain compliant with the government's automotive emission standards. The automaker is joiningVolvo Cars,Jaguar Land Rover,Hongqi,BYD Auto,Lotus Cars,and several other automakers in planning on ceasing production of ICE-powered vehicles in the coming years.[19]

In December 2023,Huaweiannounced it plans to move core technologies and resources in its smart car unit to a new joint venture with Changan. The new company will engage in research and development, production, sales and service of intelligent automotive systems and component solutions. Changan and its affiliates plan to acquire no more than 40 percent of the new company's equity, with the specific amount of capital contribution and term to be separately negotiated between the two parties.[20][21]

Brands and products

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Main article:List of Changan Automobile vehicles

Changan produces and markets vehicles primarily under 5 brands:[22]

  • Changan Autofor SUVs and passenger cars
    • Changan Nevo(Qiyuan) for entry premium range extended electric vehicles.
  • Deepal(Shenlan)for electric vehicles
  • Avatrfor premium electric vehicles, jointly invested by Changan andCATL
  • Kaicenefor the commercial vehicles, light trucks, and MPVs

Changan Auto

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Changan is the main brand of Changan group. Its products lines cover entry-level and medium level price range passenger vehicles include cars, SUVs, and pickups.

Changan Nevo (Qiyuan)

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Changan Nevo ( trường an khải nguyên )is the entry level EV line under the Changan brand, launched in 2023. Models initially include the A05 compact sedan, the A06 compact sedan, and the A07 midsize sedan. The A06 is a rebadgedChangan UNI-Vwith restyled front and rear ends.[23]The A05 is a rebadgedChangan Yidawith restyled front and rear ends.[24]

Deepal (Shenlan)

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Main article:Deepal

Deepal(Chinese nameShenlan) is EV brand owned by Changan Automobile. The company was originally named Chongqing Changan New Energy Automobile Technology founded in 2018 and became an independent brand since 2023.

Avatr Technology

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Main article:Avatr Technology

Avatr Technology is a premium EV brand Changan joint-ventured with battery providerCATLand multiple Chinese domestic foundations, technology supported byHuawei.[25]

Changan Kaicene

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Current models

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  • Chana Ruixing S50V
  • Chana Ruixing S50T
  • Chana Ruixing M90
  • Chana Ruixing M80
  • Chana Ruixing M70
  • Chana Honor
  • Kaicene F30
  • Kaicene Star Truck
  • Kaicene Shenqi T30

Former Kaicene models

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Sales

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Changan group sales(foreign joint-venture brands excluded)[26][27][28][29][30][31][32]
Year Total[a] Changan[b] Deepal Avatr Oshan JMH

(Landwind)

2010 1,239,990 1,047,983 - - - 192,007
2011 1,025,233 816,627 - - - 208,606
2012 1,053,645 841,137 - - - 212,508
2013 1,152,537 901,270 - - - 251,267
2014 1,363,487 1,055,630 - - - 307,857
2015 1,504,936 1,199,053 - - - 305,883
2016 1,682,741 1,304,612 - - - 378,129
2017 1,597,543 1,215,406 - - - 382,137
2018 1,270,100 729,067 - - 192,745 348,288
2019 1,331,802 849,552 - - 153,258 divested
2020 1,503,604 978,398 - - 113,820
2021 1,754,707 1,009,822 - - 194,381
2022 1,874,569 1,125,048 33,354 757 222,030
2023 2,097,794 1,432,543 136,912 27,589 discontinued
2024 2,226,489 1,350,784 243,894 73,606

Joint ventures

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Like most major Chinese automakers, Changan partners with Western and Japanese companies to produce and sell the products of these foreign firms in China. It also partners with other companies within China to augment manufacturer capacity and share development costs.

Changan currently participates in the following joint ventures:

Changan Ford (2001–present)

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Main article:Changan Ford
A Chinese police Ford Focus, 2007

In 2001,Changan Fordwas formed[33]and initially built Ford-branded passenger vehicles fromcomplete knock downkits.[10]

Making Chinese-market versions of Ford consumer offerings,[7]its 2010 dealer network was thought to include manyshowroomsin second- and third-tier Chinese cities[citation needed]such as Chongqing.[34]So-called second- and third-tier cities are large and medium-sized cities not among the top four in terms of population and contribution toGDP.[35]

Changan Mazda (2012–present)

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Main article:Changan Mazda

Changan Kuayue

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Chongqing Kuayue Automobile is a co-operative venture between Changan and Chongqing Kuayue Group specializing in commercial vehicle production.[36]

The group builds commercial vehicles for Changan primarily under the Kuayue and Kaicene brands.

Kuayue commercial vehicles rebranded asMamutin former Soviet countries.

Current models

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  • Kuayue Kuayuexing V3
  • Kuayue Kuayuexing V5 EV
  • Kuayue V5
  • Kuayue Kuayuewang X1
  • Kuayue Kuayuewang X5

Former models

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  • Kuayue Xinbao mini
  • Kuayue Xinbao
  • Kuayue Xinbao T3
  • Kuayue Kuayuewang X5
  • Kuayue Xinbao V5
  • Kuayue Xunlong

Jiangling Investment and Jiangling Motor Holding

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Jiangling Motor Holding Co. Ltd.(simplified Chinese:Giang tây giang linh khống cổ hữu hạn công tư;traditional Chinese:Giang tây giang linh khống cổ hữu hạn công tư;pinyin:Jiāngxī Jiānglíng Kònggǔ Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī), also known by the initialism JMH, was a joint venture established in October 2004 and controlled equally by Changan andJMCG.To create Jiangling Motor Holding Changan invested money and in exchange JMCG transferred itsJiangling Motors Corporation(JMC) equity to the venture. Jiangling Motor Holding was the largest shareholder of JMC,[38]with a 41.03% stake as of March 2018.[39]JMH also owned theLandwindmarque.[38][40]

In April 2019, it was announced that JMCG and Changan planned to split JMH into two separate companies: one keeping the same name and other tentatively called Jiangling Investment. Jiangling Investment would hold the 41.03% JMC stake and some liabilities and would still be equally owned by Changan and JMCG. The new JMH would own the rest of the former JMH assets (including Landwind)[41][42]and it would issue 100% more shares to be sold to investors, leaving JMCG and Changan with a 25% stake each.[42]Jiangling Investment was formally established in May 2019, completing the split of the former JMH.[43]In June 2019, it was announced that the investor for the new JMH was the car manufacturerAiways.Aiways acquired a 50% of the new JMH with the aim of securing production permits fornew energy vehicles.[44][45]

Former

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Oshan (2017–2024)

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Main article:Oshan (marque)

Oshan(Chinese:Âu thượng ) was a passenger car brand under Changan Automobile. It was originally known as the Changan Commercial Vehicles, the division which focus on micro vans and light trucks. The brand was renamed to Oshan in April 2017 and began to produce passenger vehicles since.

In 2024, Changan decided to cease the operation of Oshan brand and merge the product line and sales channel into Changan brand.[46]

Changan PSA (2010–2020)

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Main article:Changan PSA
DS 5LS

Changan and the French car manufacturerPSA Peugeot Citroënagreed in 2010 to set up a 50/50 passenger car and light commercial vehicle-makingjoint venture.[47]Named CAPSA, it was the PSA Group's second joint venture company in China, afterDongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile,and its first with Changan.[48]Centering on a newly built production base in Shenzhen, it was estimated that initial production capacity for the project will be 200,000 units/year.[49]Manufacturing commenced in 2014, with China specificCitroënDS models; theDS 5LS first and then theDS 6WR.[50]The venture was dissolved in 2020.

Changan Suzuki (1993–2018)

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Changan Suzuki SC7080 Alto
Main article:Changan Suzuki

Technical and commercial cooperation withSuzuki Motors,beginning in 1983, saw Changan assembling inexpensive commercial trucks (originally theSuzuki Carry ST90as the Changan SC112[51]) under license into the 2000s.[52]The two companies formedChongqing Changan Suzuki Automobile Coin 1993,[33]which built licensed versions of theSuzuki Alto,Suzuki Cultus,and more recently theSwift.

In parallel with its Suzuki joint venture, Changan also continued to build small trucks and vans for commercial use based on the 1999 Suzuki Carry license, but independently developed vehicles are quickly replacing them.[52]These small cars carry the Changanbrand namealthough Suzuki technology is used in their design and manufacture.

On 4 September 2018, Suzuki transferred its 50 percent stake in Changan Suzuki to Changan Automobile Group, ending 25 years of joint venture. Under the plan, Changan would continue to make and sell Suzuki-branded cars in China under license.

In 2021, Changan Suzuki was renamed to Chongqing Lingyao Automobile.[53]

Production and research facilities

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Domestic

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Changan has four major production bases (inthe City of Chongqing,Hebei province,Jiangsu province,andJiangxi province),[citation needed]eleven automobile production bases, and two engine production bases inmainland China[54]for a more-current total of 21 vehicle-making bases including newer sites inAnhui province,Guangdong province,Heilongjiang province,Shandong province,andShanxi province.[citation needed]

Anhui

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A planned 300,000 units/year capacity mini-vehicle production base inHefei,Anhui province,should see completion in 2011.[citation needed]Production capacity figures may consider engines and vehicles as discrete.

Beijing

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An existing R&D center inBeijing[55]will soon be joined by a passenger car production base inFangshan District,Beijing,which will become operational in 2012.[citation needed]

Chongqing

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Changan has numerous sites in thecity of Chongqing.A Changan-Ford plant and another, planned Changan-Ford plant (which may produce engines[56]) are joined by a Chongqing-based R&D center[55]and an industrial park inYubei,Chongqing.[citation needed]

Hebei

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An industrial park inHebei provincemay continue to be Changan controlled.[citation needed]

Heilongjiang

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AHarbin,Heilongjiang province,R&D center, is now a Changan asset.[55]It may have been owned byHafeiprior.

Jiangsu

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A Changan-Ford plant and an industrial park[citation needed]inNanjing,Jiangsu province,comprise Changan operations in this province.

Jiangxi

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A planned Changan commercial vehicle production base inNanchang,capital ofJiangxi province,will produceJMCand Ford-branded vehicles[56]and join an R&D center[55]as a second facility in this province. The latter facility may be a formerChangheasset.

Shanghai

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Changan has an R&D center in this coastal city.[55]

International (Overseas)

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The company maintains four factories in international markets and several overseas R&D centers. Changan had an assembly plant in Poteau, Oklahoma, piecing together products sold under theTiger Truckbrand from 2007 to 2010.[57]The Changan CS35 is built inLipetskregion of Russia since 2016.[58]Also Changan vans and pickup trucks were assembled atGanja Auto Plantin Ganja city, Azerbaijan in 2005.

Pakistan

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Changan has built a production facility inKarachi,Pakistan. It is a joint venture withMaster Motorswith an investment of US$100 million. This plant makes right hand drive passenger vehicles for Pakistan as well other right hand drive markets. The first "Made in Pakistan" unit of Changan rolled out on 2 May 2019. With a manufacturing capacity of 30,000 cars per year, this facility is Changan's first to produce right hand drive cars.[59]

R&D centers

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Changan has over 7,000 engineers and researcher working in R&D facilities inChongqing,Beijing,ShanghaiandHarbin,[8]Turin,Italy,[55]andYokohama,Japan.[55]It set up two more in 2011. These are located inBirmingham(originally was set up inNottingham), United Kingdom, andDetroit,United States.[60]The Detroit center opened in early 2011, and its office was moved to Plymouth 2015.[61][62]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Including passenger and commercial vehicle
  2. ^Changan brand passenger vehicle only after 2019

References

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