Wikipedia

Chicken soup

For other uses, seeChicken soup (disambiguation).
"Chicken noodle soup" redirects here. For other uses, seeChicken noodle soup (disambiguation).

Chicken soupis asoupmade fromchicken,simmered in water, usually with various other ingredients. The classic chicken soup consists of a clearchicken broth,often with pieces of chicken or vegetables; common additions arepasta,noodles,dumplings,or carrots, and grains such asriceandbarley.Chicken soup is commonly considered acomfort food.[1]

Chicken soup
A classic preparation of chicken noodle soup made with a stewing hen and flavored with thyme and black pepper
TypeSoup
CourseAppetizerormain course
Region or stateGlobal
Serving temperatureHot
Main ingredientsChicken,noodles

History

edit

Humans were already boiling food by the time thatchickenwasdomesticatedin theneolithic period,so it is likely that chickens were being boiled for soup.[2]

Modern American chicken soup, which typically includesroot vegetablessuch ascarrot,onion,leeksandcelery,was a staple across Northern Europe and was brought to the United States by immigrants.[3]

Preparation

edit

Variations on the flavor are gained by addingroot vegetablessuch as parsnip, potato,sweet potatoand celery root; herbs such asbay leaves,parsley and dill; other vegetables such as zucchini, whole garlic cloves, lettuce, or tomatoes; and black pepper.[4][5]The soup should be brought slowly to a boil and then simmered in a covered pot on a very low flame for one to three hours, adding water if necessary.Saffronorturmericare sometimes added as a yellow colorant.

  • Homemade chicken soup with elbow macaroni, chicken pieces, carrots and celery
  • Chicken soup with dark,leafy greens
  • Southern Chinese-style chicken soup with mushrooms and corn pieces
  • Homemade chicken noodle soup cooking

Nutritional value

edit

Chicken soup can be a relativelylow fatfood: fat can be removed by chilling the soup after cooking and skimming the layer of congealed fat from the top.[6]A study determined that "prolonged cooking of a bone in soup increases the calcium content of the soup when cooked at an acidic, but not at a neutral pH".[7]

Terminology

edit

Strictly speaking,chicken soup,unless qualified, implies that thesoupis served as a thin broth, with pieces of meat, and possibly vegetables, and either noodles, rice, barley, or dumplings.

Cream of chicken soupis a thick, creamy, soup made with chicken stock and pieces, combined with milk (or cream) and flour, which might contain vegetable pieces, depending on the recipe.

Cream of chicken soup

Several terms are used when referring to chicken soups:

  • Chickenbrothis the liquid part of chicken soup. Broth can be served as is, or used as stock, or served as soup with noodles.[8]Broth can be milder than stock, does not need to be boiled as long, and can be made with meatier chicken parts.[9]
  • Chickenbouillonorbouillon de pouletis the French term for chicken broth.[9]
  • Chickenconsomméis a more refined chicken broth. It is usually strained to perfect clarity, and reduced to concentrate it.[10][9]
  • Chickenstewis a more substantial dish with a higher ratio of solids to broth. The broth may also be thickened[11]toward agravy-like consistency with arouxor by addingflour-baseddumplings(matzah ballsdo not have the same thickening effect).[9]
  • Chickenstockis a liquid in which chicken bones and vegetables have been simmered for the purpose of serving as an ingredient in more complex dishes.[12]Chicken stock is not usually served as is. Stock can be made with less palatable parts of the chicken, such as feet, necks or bones: the higher bone content in these parts contributes moregelatinto the liquid, making it a better base for sauces. Stock can be reboiled and reused as the basis for a new stock.Bouillon cubesorsoup baseare often used instead of chicken stock prepared from scratch.[9]

Health effects

edit

Chicken soup has long been touted as a form offolk medicineto treatrespiratory infections.[13]In 2000, scientists at theUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterinOmahastudied the effect of chicken soup on theinflammatory responsein vitro.They found that some components of the chicken soup inhibitneutrophilmigration, which may have ananti-inflammatoryeffect that couldhypotheticallylead to temporary ease from symptoms of illness.[14]However, since these results have been obtained from purified cells (and directly applied), the diluted soupin vivoeffect is debatable.The New York Timesreviewed the University of Nebraska study, among others, in 2007 and concluded that "none of the research is conclusive, and it is not known whether the changes measured in the laboratory really have a meaningful effect on people with cold symptoms."[15]

It has also been shown that chicken soup contains theamino acidcysteine,which is very similar toacetylcysteine,which is used by doctors for patients withbronchitisand other respiratory infections.[16]

Chicken soup is also known as "Jewishpenicillin ",[17]either asersatzpenicillin,[18]or as alternative to penicillin.[19]

In different cultures

edit

China

edit

ManyChinesesoups are based onchicken broth.Typical Chinese chicken soup is made from old hens and is seasoned withginger,scallions,black pepper,soy sauce,rice wineandsesame oil.[20]A more elaborate version can be made from freshly killed spent hen and various herbs such asginseng,driedgoji,and old ginger root.[21]The soup is then boiled for hours.

Colombia

edit
AjiacoofBogotá,Colombia

Bogotá,Colombia's capital, is known for a version of chicken soup calledajiaco.[22]Along with chicken,ajiacotypically includesmaize,three types ofpotatoes,avocado,capers,and a herb calledguascas,and is served with a dollop ofcream.

Sancochode gallinais another popular dish throughout Colombia and in neighboring countries. This is a broth that includes entire pieces of (often rather tough) soup henon the bonewith large pieces ofplantain,potato,cassavaand/or other vegetables.[23]A bowl ofsancochois usually an entire meal.

Denmark

edit

The Danishhønsekødssuppeis traditionally cooked using largehensspecifically reserved for soup, known assuppehøner( "soup-hens" ). Vegetables likeceleriac,carrots, onions andleekare usually added and typical flavourings arethyme,laurelsandwhite pepper.The soup may be served with small white dumplings and meatballs. As part of traditionalhousekeeping,the cooked meat is reserved for other dishes such ashøns i asparges( "hens in asparagus" ) orhønsesalat( "hens-salad" ).[24]

France

edit

The French serve chicken-based forms of bouillon and consommé. Typical French seasonings for chicken soup includes: bay leaves, fresh thyme, drywhite wineand garlic.[25]

Germany

edit

In Germany, chicken soup is made with chicken broth, vegetables, such as carrots, spices and herbs and small noodles. For the broth, a large hen, called aSuppenhuhn(lit.: "soup hen" ), may be boiled, and pieces of it—especially from the boiled breast—can later be added to the soup.[26] In southern Germany, homemade chicken soup typically consists of chicken broth, to whichspicesandsemolina dumplingsor noodles are added. Another dish made with chicken broth, pieces of chicken, boiled vegetables, and spices is known asHühnereintopf,[27]meaning "chicken stew". Alternatively, homemade noodles may be added to the chicken broth, without vegetables, and with onlypickling spice,salt and pepperadded to it.

Ghana

edit

InGhana,chicken soup, also known as Chicken Light soup is made by cooking the chicken in a blended mixture of tomatoes, onions, pepper and other spices and sometimes garden eggs and is served primarily withfufuor on its own.[28]

Greece

edit

In Greece, chicken soup is most commonly made in theavgolemono( "egg-lemon" )fashion, wherein beaten eggs mixed with lemon are added to a broth slowly so that the mixture heats up without curdling, also addingriceor pasta likekritharáki( "little barley;" orzo),resulting in a thicker texture; it is a traditional remedy forcolds,stomach aches,andhangovers.[29]

Hungary

edit

Hungarian chicken soup is a clear soup, a consommé, called Újházi chicken soup.[30]A consommé with entire pieces of chicken, chicken liver and heart, with chunky vegetables and spices like whole black peppercorn, bay leaves, salt and ground black pepper. The vegetables boiled along with the pieces of chicken are usually carrots,celeriac,parsley root[31]andparsnip.Soup vermicelli, semolina dumplings or thinSpätzlenoodles or small dumplings are also added to the soup. Even other vegetables may be used, such as green peas, a whole tomato and whole onions boiled along with the soup, mushrooms, asparagus,celery,green pepper, cauliflower,kohlrabi,green beansor parsley, in different combinations.

Indonesia

edit
Soto ayam,a version of chicken soup popular in Indonesia

InIndonesia,chicken soup might appear assayur sop,vegetable and chicken broth soup that contains chicken pieces, potato, green beans, carrot, celery, and fried shallot.[32]Another chicken soup variant commonly found across the country issoto ayam;[33]aturmericyellow spicy chicken soup with vegetables and noodle or vermicelli, served with steamed rice, pieces oflontongorketupat.[34]

Italy

edit

In Italy, chicken soup is often served with pasta, in such dishes ascappelletti in brodo,tortellini in brodoandpassatelli.[35]Even when served on its own, the meat and any vegetables used are usually removed from the broth and served as a second dish.[36]

Japan

edit

In Japan, chicken soup is known astorijiru.[37]Typically it starts withdashi,which is made from boilingkonbu(kelp) andkatsuobushi(dried skipjack tuna flakes), and not by boiling the chicken (whole chicken is not typically available in Japanese supermarkets)[citation needed].After the dashi is prepared, pieces of boneless chicken thigh meat are usually used and combined with vegetables likedaikonradish, carrot,burdock,konnyaku,welsh onion,mushrooms, potatoes, and taro root. At the end, different seasonings are added depending on the region of the country or type of soup. It could be amiso-based soup or soy sauce-based. Cookingsake,mirin,salt, and vinegar are also used with the soy sauce or miso. The pork equivalent calledbutajiruis more popular than the chicken-based soup.[38]

Bone stocks forramenare also often made with chicken stock, and it is almost invariably used in the less commonkotterivariety.[39]

Jewish (Ashkenazi)

edit
Kreplachshaped in the form ofhamantashenfloat in a bowl of chicken soup made for thePurimseudah.

Chicken soup is a traditional dish of the EuropeanJewish kitchen.The Russian and Polish Jewish communities use a relatively high proportion of chicken stock for their soup, made mostly from the bones. The soup is prepared with herbs likeparsleyand freshdillorthyme,and is often served withknaidlach(matzah balls),[40]kreplach(dumplings), lokshen (flat egg noodles), ormandlen(Shkedei Marakin Israel)(soup "almonds" ). A traditional garnish waseyerlekh(little eggs). These unlaid chicken eggs were taken from a hen and boiled in the soup.[41][42]Modern health standards make these difficult to obtain now.

Korea

edit
Samgyetang,aKoreanchicken soup

Samgyetangis a Korean chicken soup withinsam(Korean ginseng),daechu(dried jujube fruits), garlic, ginger,glutinous rice,and sometimes other medicinal herbs.[43]It is believed to be not only a cure for physical ailments but also a preventer of sickness.[44]Dak baeksuk,a type of chicken broth with garlic, is also popular among Koreans.[45]It is believed by some to help cure minor illnesses such as thecommon cold.Some types of baeksuk also contains noodles, similar to chicken noodle soup.

Mexico

edit

Caldo de pollo,also known as Consome de Pollo, is a commonLatin-Americansoupmade with whole chicken pieces instead of chopped or shredded chicken, and large cuts of vegetables, such as half-slices of potatoes and whole leaves of cabbage.[46]Another variation of chicken soup iscaldo tlalpeñowhich is garnished with chopped avocado, white cheese, and achipotlechile.[47]

Peru

edit

Aguadito de pollois a traditional chicken soup in Peruvian cuisine consisting of chicken, cilantro, vegetables and spices.[48]

Caldo de Gallina (lit., "broth of hen" ), the Peruvian form of chicken soup, is made with whole pieces of chicken instead of chopped or shredded chicken, along with potatoes, egg noodles, and hard-boiled eggs. Lime wedges and chili or aji pepper paste are added as condiments.[49]

Philippines

edit
A bowl oftinola,a chicken soup from the Philippines

Chicken soup in the Philippines is calledsopasand has some western influences in it. While there are many variations in the recipe, it usually contains chicken strips in broth, onions, vegetables (mainly carrots, cabbage and celery), and macaroni noodles. It is cooked with evaporated milk to give it richer flavor.Sopasis normally associated with the cold, rainy season in the Philippines, and may thus be regarded as local comfort food.[50][51]

Another chicken soup is calledmamiwhich its style derives from its other Asian neighboring countries, especially East Asia and normally served with sliced chicken, broth, noodles, chopped vegetables. Mami is also associated with the cold, rainy season as well.[52]

Other chicken dishes are considered soups.Tinolahas chicken cuts in broth, with ginger,chayote,and chili pepper leaves.Sinampalukang manokis sometimes regarded as a chicken version ofsinigang,but here the meat is browned first before being boiled in the water and it uses tamarind leaves.[53]Kadyos, manok, kag ubadfrom theWestern Visayasusespigeon peasandbananapith.[54]

Poland

edit

ThePolishchicken soup is calledrosół.It is commonly served with fine noodles, boiled carrots and parsley every Sunday.[55]The broth is served separate from chicken meat.

There are many types of rosół, as:

Rosół Królewski[55](royal rosół), made of three meats: beef or veal, white poultry (hen, turkey or chicken) and dark poultry as duck, goose (crop only), just a couple of dried king boletes, one single cabbage leaf and a variety of vegetables such as parsley, celery, carrot, and leek. The cooking must take at least six hours of sensitive boiling over a small fire.[55]At the end, softly burnt onion is added to the soup.

Rosół myśliwski (The hunter's rosół) is made of a variety of wild birds[55]as well as pheasant, capercaillie, wood grouse, black grouse, or grey partridge, with a small addition of roe deer meat, a couple of wild mushrooms, and 2–3 juniper fruits.

Portugal and Brazil

edit
Main article:Canja de galinha

Chicken soup is known ascanja,a chicken broth prepared withriceor pasta and shreddedchicken meat.[56]It is believed to help a person overcome colds and digestive problems, among other mild forms of sickness.[57]

Romania and Moldova

edit

In most regions of Romania, chicken soup known assupă de puiconsists of a clear or dense sour soup with strained chicken and vegetable broth, and either noodles (tăieței) or dumplings (găluște) are added.[58]Different versions use pieces of chicken and pieces of boiled vegetables (like onion, carrot, parsnip, celery, zucchini, peas, beans, leaves and root of parsley or peppers) and are seasoned usually with sour cream (smântână), tomato juice, lemon juice, orborș.[58]

Taiwan

edit

In Taiwan-style chicken soup, driedjujubefruits, dried shiitake, and other various herbs are also sometimes added. While it may be possible to use regular ginseng in the recipe, a special type of ginseng calledSan qiis commonly used.[59]This is grown almost exclusively in Wenshan County, Yunnan Province. The roots are powdered for ease of use, although it may also be possible to use the flowerheads.[60]

Russia and Ukraine

edit

East Slavs traditionally prefer an often simple chicken and vegetable bouillon with added noodles or rice, and a pinch of fresh herbs.[61]Another type of chicken soup includes chicken, noodles, carrot, potato and onion.[61]Some cooks add chopped boiled egg and even sour cream to their variations of the soup.

United Kingdom

edit

Traditionally, chicken soup (or broth) in Britain is a clear and watery soup with chunky vegetables (such ascarrot,celeryandonion), chicken,saltandpepper.However, a thick, creamy variety called cream of chicken soup,[62]which may not contain any vegetable pieces (depending on the recipe), is more popular today. A distinct version from Scotland that has become popular throughout the UK iscock-a-leekie soup,a clear, thin broth of shredded chicken and leeks.[63]

United States and Canada

edit
American-style chicken noodle soup.

In the United States and Canada, chicken soup often hasnoodlesor rice in it, thus giving it its common name of "chickennoodle soup".[64]The term may have been coined in a commercial for theCampbell Soup Companyin the 1930s. The original 21 varieties of Campbell's condensed soup featured a "chicken soup with noodles", but when it was advertised on theAmos 'n' Andyradio showin the 1930s by a slip of the tongue the soup was referred to as "chicken noodle soup".[9]Traditionally, American chicken soup was prepared using old hens too tough and stringy to beroastedor cooked for a short time. In modern times, these fowl are difficult to come by, and broiler chickens (young chickens suitable for roasting or broiling) are often used to make soup.[9]

Canned chicken soup

edit
Canned chicken soup (not condensed)

Often (but not always) sold as acondensed soup,cannedchicken soup such asCampbell's Chicken Noodle Soup, is notable for its high sodium content:[65]890 mg per1⁄2cup serving. This gives a1+1⁄2cup bowl of soup[66]about 2,500 mg of sodium, a full day's allowance in the case of this mainstream brand.[67]Other condensed chicken soups produced by Campbell's, such as Chicken with Rice[68]or Chicken & Stars Soup,[69]have similar amounts, as do generic versions of the product.[70]

Canned chicken soup with much less sodium than the traditional formulation is available, including many varieties produced by Campbell's, some with as little as 100 mg of sodium.[65]Campbell's claims production of a chicken noodle soup that will find broad consumer acceptance—in short, that will sell—is very difficult, so it has to balance healthfulness with sodium content.[71]

Usually, the main ingredients of this canned soup are:[4][5]

  • Chicken Broth
  • Chicken
  • Noodles
  • Carrots
  • Salt
  • And others such as celery, lettuce, or mushrooms depending on the brand

In media

edit
Waterzooimade with chicken, potatoes and cream

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^Romm, Cari (3 April 2015)."Why Comfort Food Comforts".The Atlantic.Retrieved21 July2015.
  2. ^Sarah Zielinski, "Stone Age Stew? Soup Making May Be Older Than We'd Thought",The Salt,National Public Radio,February 6, 2013
  3. ^Moskin, Julia (29 November 2016)."A Superior Chicken Soup".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.Retrieved4 February2019.
  4. ^ab"Basic Chicken Soup".Martha Stewart.Retrieved4 August2022.
  5. ^ab"Simple Chicken Soup".Food Network.Retrieved4 August2022.
  6. ^Wakefield, Oliver (2009)."Chicken Soup Recipes".simple-chicken-recipes.com.
  7. ^H. N. Rosen (1994). "Chicken soup revisited: Calcium content of soup increases with duration of cooking".Calcified Tissue International.54(6): 486–488.doi:10.1007/BF00334329.PMID8082052.S2CID34474821.
  8. ^Wayne Gisslen (2015).Essentials of Professional Cooking.Wiley.p. 192.ISBN9781118998700.
  9. ^abcdefgDetloff, John (2017)."National Chicken Noodle day".airculinaireworldwide.com.Retrieved13 October2023.
  10. ^"How to Clarify Cloudy Chicken Stock".localkitchenblog.com. 22 April 2009.Retrieved11 October2023.
  11. ^Nilsson, Holly (9 December 2018)."Chicken Stew".Spend With Pennies.Retrieved11 October2023.
  12. ^Nosrat, Samin."Chicken Stock Recipe".Retrieved11 October2023.
  13. ^Hoenig, Leonard J. (2022)."Chicken soup for the skin!".Clinics in Dermatology.40(6): 764–767.doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.09.002.ISSN1879-1131.PMID36122880.
  14. ^Rennard BO, Ertl RF, Gossman GL, Robbins RA, Rennard SI (October 2000)."Chicken soup inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro".Chest.118(4): 1150–7.CiteSeerX10.1.1.584.6659.doi:10.1378/chest.118.4.1150.PMID11035691.Archived fromthe originalon 1 August 2012.
  15. ^Parker-Pope, Tara (2007),"The Science of Chicken Soup"(12 October issue).
  16. ^Condor, Bob (10 January 1996)."Strategies To Help You Survive The Cold Season".Chicago Tribune.
  17. ^Oliver, Jamie."Jewish penicillin".Jamieoliver.com.Retrieved14 October2016.
  18. ^Wex, Michael(2016).Rhapsody in Schmaltz: Yiddish Food and Why We Can't Stop Eating It.St. Martin's Press. p. 177.ISBN9781466882652.To call chicken soup "Jewish penicillin" is to point to its limitations, not its virtues.
  19. ^Bratskeir, Kate (19 December 2014)."Chicken Soup Really Is 'Jewish Penicillin' For Your Cold. Mom Was Right".The Huffington Post.Retrieved14 October2016.
  20. ^Yuan, Kathy (21 March 2022)."Clarified Old Hen Soup (Dunjitang, đôn kê thang )".The Mala Market.Retrieved11 October2023.
  21. ^"Chinese Chicken Herbal Soup".Daily Cooking Quest.8 July 2013.Retrieved11 October2023.
  22. ^Cardenas, Consuelo (23 September 2021)."Ajiaco Santafereño (Colombian Chicken and Potato Soup)".Today.
  23. ^"Sancocho: Hilbert aprende a fazer prato tradicional colombiano".Globo.com(in Brazilian Portuguese).Retrieved11 October2023.
  24. ^"Danish Food Culture",Copenhagen Portal.Retrieved 7 December 2011.
  25. ^Nunes, Lucy."Hearty French chicken soup".taste.com.au.Retrieved13 October2023.
  26. ^"Selbstgemachte Hühnersuppe".meine-familie-und-ich.de.Retrieved13 October2023.
  27. ^"Hühnereintopf mit Lauchgemüse".lidl-kochen.de(in German).Retrieved13 October2023.
  28. ^"Ghana Chicken Light Soup".eat well abi.2022.Retrieved13 October2023.
  29. ^McMahon, Mary."What is Avgolemono Soup?".delightedcooking.com.Retrieved13 October2023.
  30. ^Gundel, Karoly (1992).Gundel's Hungarian cookbook.Budapest: Corvina.ISBN978-963-13-3600-9.OCLC32227400.page 27
  31. ^June Meyers Authentic Hungarian Heirloon Recipes Cookbook
  32. ^"Tasty Indonesian Food: Vegetables Soup (Sayur Sop)".Tasty Indonesian Food.
  33. ^The New York Times Soto Ayam (Indonesian Chicken Soup With Noodles and Aromatics)Adapted from "Cradle of Flavor" by James Oseland (W. W. Norton, 2006).
  34. ^"Food.com Indonesian Chicken Noodle Soup (Soto Ayam)".26 September 2006.
  35. ^"Passatelli in brodo di pollo".Petit chef(in Italian).Retrieved13 October2023.
  36. ^"Brodo di pollo".Cookaround(in Italian).Retrieved13 October2023.
  37. ^"Daiei.jp: Warm Torijiru".
  38. ^"Butajiru | Traditional Soup From Japan | TasteAtlas".www.tasteatlas.com.Retrieved18 August2020.
  39. ^Anderson, James (2023)."Best-ever recipe to make Kotteri Tsukemen".Food and Meal.Retrieved13 October2023.
  40. ^Avey, Tori (2023)."Matzo Ball Soup - Passover Chicken Soup Recipe".toriavey.com.Retrieved13 October2023.
  41. ^Joyce Eisenberg and Ellen Scolnic. "The Whole Spiel: Funny essays about digital nudniks, seder selfies and chicken soup memories", Incompra Press,ISBN978-0-692-72625-9pg. 153
  42. ^Burros, Marian (7 February 2007)."What the Egg Was First".The New York Times.Retrieved28 April2010.
  43. ^Hyosun Ro."Samgyetang (Ginseng Chicken Soup)".Korean Bapsang.Retrieved13 October2023.
  44. ^Yeon, Dana (20 July 2010)."Why Samgyetang Is Good for You on Hot Summer Days".Chosun Media.Retrieved8 June2018.
  45. ^"Chicken and chicken soup (영계백숙)".maangchi.com.2010.Retrieved13 October2023.
  46. ^Garten, Ina."Mexican Chicken Soup".Food Network.Retrieved13 October2023.
  47. ^"Desde Tlalpan... El caldo tlalpeño".Mexican Authentic Recipes(in Spanish).Retrieved31 August2020.
  48. ^Gutierrez, Carla (2016)."Aguadito de Pollo".QueRicaVida.com(in Spanish).Retrieved13 October2023.
  49. ^Football Center."Peruvian Cuisine".peruvian-cuisine.blogspot.com.
  50. ^"Top 18 Delicious Filipino Soup Recipes for Rainy days".Pinoy Recipe at Iba Pa.Retrieved13 October2023.
  51. ^"Chicken Noodle Soup (Sopas) – Filipino version".Foxy Folksy.Retrieved13 October2023.
  52. ^Manalo, Lalaine (2023)."ChickenMami".kawalingpinoy.com.Retrieved13 October2023.
  53. ^"Sinampalukang Manok Recipe".Panlasang Pinoy.Retrieved13 October2023.
  54. ^"Kadyos Beans".Ark of Taste.Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity.Retrieved8 February2021.
  55. ^abcdKlesta, Karolina."Traditional Polish Chicken Soup Rosol Recipe".Polish Foodies(Website).Retrieved11 October2023.
  56. ^"Canja de galinha".CLAUDIA(in Brazilian Portuguese). 7 February 2011.Retrieved13 October2023.
  57. ^Lins, Bárbara (2019)."CANJA TURBINADA PARA CURAR RESFRIADO! RECEITINHA FÁCIL".descobertasbarbaras.com.br(in Brazilian Portuguese).
  58. ^abChivu, Erika (2019)."supa de pui".retete.unica.ro(in Romanian).Retrieved13 October2023.
  59. ^"Taiwanese Sesame Oil Chicken Soup ( ma du kê thang )".assortedeats.com.2022.Retrieved13 October2023.
  60. ^Small, Ernest; Catling, Paul M.; Canada, National Research Council (24 March 1999).Canadian Medicinal Crops.NRC Research Press.ISBN9780660175348– via Google Books.
  61. ^ab"Index of expressions • WriteBetter".
  62. ^"Classic Cream of Chicken Soup Recipe".thehappyfoodie.co.uk.Retrieved13 October2023.
  63. ^"How to make the perfect cock-a-leekie soup".The Guardian.Retrieved October 13, 2023
  64. ^Michman, Ronald D.; Mazze, Edward M. (1998).The Food Industry Wars.Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 94.ISBN978-1567201116.
  65. ^abJane E. Brody (1 April 2013)."Sodium, Hiding in Plain Sight"(Well blog).The New York Times.Retrieved30 April2015.A cup of canned chicken noodle soup can have as little as 100 milligrams or as much as 940 milligrams of sodium.
  66. ^Anahad O'Connor (2 August 2011)."The Problem With Serving Sizes"(Well blog).The New York Times.Retrieved30 April2015.A similar number of the people asked, 61 percent, said they would also eat the entire can of a condensed soup, like Campbell's Chicken Noodle, which lists 2.5 servings per can. A single serving contains 890 milligrams of sodium, and the full can has 2,390 milligrams
  67. ^"Chicken Noodle Soup Nutrition Facts".campbellsoup.com.Campbell's Soup. Archived fromthe originalon 27 October 2015.Retrieved30 April2015.Amount Per Serving (serving size) = 1/2 cup condensed Sodium 890mg
  68. ^"Chicken with Rice Soup Nutritional Facts".campbellsoup.com.Campbell's Soup.Retrieved30 April2015.Sodium 820mg
  69. ^"Chicken & Stars Soup Nutritional Facts".campbellsoup.com.Campbell's Soup.Retrieved30 April2015.Sodium 790mg
  70. ^From label of Shurfine Chicken Noodle Condensed Soup, "900mg" per 1/2 cup serving. accessed 30 April 2015
  71. ^Michael MossI (29 May 2015)."The Hard Sell on Salt".The New York Times.Retrieved30 April2015.Chicken noodle soup has been especially vexing
  72. ^Canfield, Jack; Hansen, Mark Victor (2010).Chicken Soup For The Soul 101 Stories to Open the Heart and Rekindle the Spirit.Ebury Publishing.ISBN9781407080765.
  73. ^"Chicken Soup".TV Guide(Magazine).Retrieved11 September2022.
  74. ^Sullivan, Corinne; Bowenbank, Starr (17 June 2022)."39 One-Hit Wonders From the 2000s That Will Probs Go Down in Music History".Cosmopolitan(Magazine).Retrieved11 September2022.
  75. ^Ross, Barbara (6 November 2015)."'Chicken Noodle Soup' singer Young B claims ex-promoter is trying to shake her down for 50% of 'Love & Hip Hop' earnings in suit ".New York Daily News(Newspaper).Retrieved12 September2022.
  76. ^Billington, Michael (9 April 2005)."The party's over".The Guardian(Newspaper).Retrieved11 September2022.
  77. ^Orme, Steve (2005)."Chicken Soup with Barley".British Theatre Guide(Theatre guide).Retrieved11 September2022.
  78. ^Sendak, Maurice (1982).Chicken Soup With Rice A Book of Months.Illustrated by Maurice Sendak. Harperfestival.ISBN9780062332462.
  79. ^Sendak, Maurice (1975)."Maurice Sendak's Really Rosie".TV Guide(Magazine). Music by Carole King.Retrieved11 September2022.
  80. ^Hirsh, Marc (8 May 2012)."Maurice Sendak, 'Really Rosie' and The Intelligence Of Children".National Public Radio(website).Retrieved11 September2022.
  81. ^Andy, Warhol (1962)."Campbell's Soup Cans".www.moma.org.Retrieved11 September2022.
  82. ^Miller, Brenna (November 2012)."Andy Warhol's Campbell's Soup Cans, 1962".Origins: Current Events in Historical Perspective(Monthly periodical).Ohio State University.Retrieved12 September2022.
  83. ^Carras, Christi (26 June 2022)."J-Hope kicks off solo season for BTS with an upcoming album".Los Angeles Times(Newspaper).Retrieved11 September2022.

Further reading

edit
edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chicken_soup&oldid=1246605181"