Classic hits

For other uses, seeClassic hits (disambiguation).

Not to be confused withAdult hits.

Classic hitsis aradio formatwhich generally includes songs from thetop 40music charts from the late 1960s to the early 2000s, withmusic from the 1980sserving as the core of the format. Music that was popularized byMTVin the early 1980s and the nostalgia behind itis a major driver to the format. It is considered the successor to theoldiesformat,a collection of top 40 songs from the late 1950s through the late 1970s that was once extremely popular in the United States and Canada. The term is sometimes incorrectly used as a synonym for theadult hitsformat, which uses a slightly newer music library stretching from all decades to the present with a major focus on 1990s and 2000s pop, rock and alternative songs.In addition, adult hits stations tend to have larger playlists, playing a given song only a few times per week, compared to the tighter libraries on classic hits stations. For example,KRTH,a classic hits station in Los Angeles, andKSPF,a classic hits station in Dallas, both playpower songsup to 30 times a week or more, which is another differentiator compared to other formats that share songs with classic hits libraries.

The classic hits format saw growth in the 2010s, with stations like KRTH,WCBS-FMin New York,WLS-FMin Chicago,WROR-FMin Boston andGreatest Hits Radioin the UK having successful ratings with this model.Classic hits was named "format of the summer of 2018"byNielsen Audio's research team emphasizing the huge popularity of the format. In addition, theMillennialgeneration is listening to this format in record numbers, according to a Nielsen report.As of December 2019, there are now over 1,100 classic hits stations in the United States, the largest amount in format history.

History

Origins

The term "classic hits" is believed to have its birth atWZLXinBoston,when the station hired programming consultant Gary Guthrie to convert the station fromadult contemporaryto a format composed of the hipper tracks from the oldies format and album tracks from popular classic rock albums. The goal was to attract and magnetize people who experiencedadolescencein the 1960s or 1970s and enjoyed the music of those eras, but did not favor the then-currentheavy metalortop 40music of the 1980s. These were people whose mindset was aging beyondalbum-oriented rockand top 40, yet were still either too young for or uninterested inoldies.

Contemporary definition

Until the mid-2000s, the term "classic hits" was used by stations that played the softer or more hit-oriented side ofclassic rock.Today, there are a few stations that identify as classic hits, such asWROR-FMin Boston andWJJKin Indianapolis, but whose playlists have more in common with classic rock.

The classic hits format as it is known today began to take shape in the mid 2000s when oldies radio stations started having audience and ratings issues.They believed that they could not be successful with the oldies format and needed to update the music and presentation to stay relevant in the25-54 demographicon which advertising agencies base ad purchases. After several years of format transitions and changes, the industry needed a term that better defined the stations who were basing their libraries in theMTVera of music. Thus, the termclassic hitswas accepted by the radio community as the official name and recognized byNielsen Audioas a format classification. In addition, many adult contemporary (AC) stations that had featured a large library of 1980s music began to phase it out as new artists likeAdele,Pink,Bruno Mars,Maroon 5,and others became very popular, thus making these stations much more current oriented. This factor created a situation where artists likeMadonna,George Michael,Michael Jackson,andPrince,who are considered major superstars, were no longer being played on AC stations. Most of these stations are now current-intensive, playing newer artists versus those from the 1980s which have aged out of the AC format.

The recent appeal to this format has introduced format flips in major markets, including the flip ofWIAD,Washington D.C. from adult contemporary-formatted "Fresh-FM" to classic hits as "The Drive" in October 2018.Most of the current classic hits stations were simply slow evolutions from oldies, includingWOGLin Philadelphia,WRBQ-FMin Tampa,KSPFin Dallas, andWOCLin Orlando, among many others. WOGL changed their slogan to "Nobody plays more 80s"whereas WRBQ-FM changed to "Hits of the 80s and more".Radio programmerScott Shannon,the architect of the modern top 40 eraatWHTZ(Z100) in New York during the 1980s, moved his morning show to WCBS-FM,bringing many of the 1980s-style radio formats to the station.Dallas-basedJAM Creative Productions,a major producer of radio station jingles in the 1980s, created an updated jingle package for stations that moved to a classic hits presentation.Jingles in the CBS-FM update package include cuts from the popular "Flame Thrower" and "Warp Factor" packages made famous by WHTZ in the 1980s.

Musical definition

Today's classic hits format is a representation of the variety of music typesfound on the radio in the 1980s including these core artists. These were a few examples that were more commonly used on most classic hits stations.

Rock:

• Bon Jovi
• Def Leppard
• Foreigner
• Guns N' Roses
• Journey
• Bruce Springsteen

Alternativeandnew wave:

• David Bowie
• Depeche Mode
• The Police
• Simple Minds
• U2

Pop:

• Hall & Oates
• Elton John
• Billy Joel
• Cyndi Lauper
• Madonna
• Wham!

R&B and dance:

• Earth, Wind & Fire
• Whitney Houston
• Michael Jackson
• Prince
• Lionel Richie

Songs from the mid- to late 1970s which had an influence on the MTV generation from artists such asQueen,Foreigner,Elton John,and theBee Geesare still featured on many of these stations as the oldest part of the library. Additionally, stations have started to play songs from the 1990s and 2000s that have appeal to this audience such as "Linger"byThe CranberriesandUncle Kracker's version of "Drift Away",along with later releases by artists that were successful in the 1980s, such asU2andMichael Jackson.

Together, all of these variations of musical genres still have mass appeal due to the origins of radio stations that played them together when they were hits. Similar to the philosophy with oldies radio, most of the music is upbeat and edgy. While these music types can be found in other formats, what makes this format unique is the variety of genres being played together on one station as a decade-based collection, as opposed to a single style of music.

Resurgence of 1980s music

There are theories about why the music of the 1980s continues to be popular, especially to younger generations such as Millennials. The advent of music in video games such as theGrand Theft Auto,Rock Band,andGuitar Heroseries introduced younger audiences to 1980s songs from artists such as The Police, Queen, Duran Duran,The Cars,R.E.M.,Billy Joel,andhundreds of others.

Another theory includes TV shows and movies onNetflixand other streaming video services that are set in the 1980s and feature music from that era.Examples include Netflix's popular seriesStranger Things(whosesoundtrackfeatures songs fromCyndi LauperandToto),Wet Hot American Summer,Glow,andThe GoldbergsonABC.Movies with box office success that are set in the 1980s have also been contributed to the popularity of the music of that era, includingGuardians of the Galaxy,The Wedding Singer,Hot Tub Time Machine,andReady Player One.

Studies suggesting that millennials prefer older musichave also been published with theories regarding a major shift in radio programming. According to these reports, the 1970s and 1980s were the last decades that a typical top 40 radio station played all music types; by the 1990s, top 40 began splintering into various genres such as rap and alternative rock, and each station was reformatted to focus on one type of music. Millennials also grew up in an era when musicradio formatsfeaturing older music were becoming widespread, something that was not necessarily true for Generation X; much of the classic hits library was included inadult-contemporarystations of the era, whileclassic rockwas only beginning to split from more modern rock stations in the late 1980s, around the same time oldies emerged as a standalone format.

During the late 2010s, many stations in the adult contemporary,adult R&B,and alternative formats either reduced or eliminated songs from the 1970s and 1980s in favor of new artists and more current-based musicrotations.This created a void in which gold-based music was not being played on radio in certain markets, thus creating a new opportunity for classic hits stations.