Wikipedia

Communipaw

Communipawis a neighborhood inJersey CityinHudson County,in theU.S. stateofNew Jersey.[2]It is located west ofLiberty State Parkand east ofBergen Hill,[3][4]and the site of one of the earliest European settlements in North America. It gives its name to the historic avenue which runs from its eastern end nearLiberty State Park Stationthrough the neighborhoods ofBergen-Lafayetteand theWest Sidethat then becomes theLincoln Highway.Communipaw Junction, or simply The Junction, is anintersectionwhere Communipaw,Summit Avenue,Garfield Avenue, and Grand Street meet, and where thetoll housefor theBergen Point Plank Roadwas situated. Communipaw Cove atUpper New York Bay,is part of the 36-acre (150,000 m2) statenature preservein the park and one of the few remaining tidal salt marshes in theHudson River estuary.

Communipaw, Jersey City
Unincorporated community
Communipaw, Jersey City is located in Hudson County, New Jersey
Communipaw, Jersey City
Communipaw, Jersey City
Location of Communipaw in Hudson County Inset: Location of county in the state of New Jersey
Coordinates:40°42′31″N74°03′40″W/ 40.70861°N 74.06111°W/40.70861; -74.06111
CountryUnited States
StateNew Jersey
CountyHudson
CityJersey City
Elevation
[1]
20 ft (6 m)
GNISfeature ID875597[1]

Communipaw-Lafayette

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Communipaw was part ofBergen City, New Jerseybetween 1855-1870 before merging withJersey City,and was urbanized during the late half of the 19th century. Some streets of the neighborhood are part of theCommunipaw-Lafayette Historic District.[5]Lafayette Park is likely named for theMarquis de Lafayette,who was stationed in Bergen in 1799,[6]and later re-visited in 1824.[7][8][9]It is a city square, similar toVan Vorst ParkandHamilton Park;the buildings surrounding it were constructed in different periods.Whitlock Cordage[10]is an intact complex of industrial buildings built in the Lafayette section along the long ago filledMorris Canal.[11][12]The Housing Trust of America purchased the property to preserve the structures as affordable housing. The section nearJohnston Avenuewas the site of a stop on theUnderground RailroadandAfrican-Americanburial ground.[13]Ficken's Warehouse,once the site of Bergen City's main post office, is on theNational Register of Historic Places listings in Hudson County, New Jersey. Berry Lane Parkwas formerly an industrial area.

History

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Map (c1639)Manhattan situated on the North Rivierwith numbered key showing settlements: 27. Farm of Van Vorst; 28. v [sic): 29. Farm of Evertsen; 30. Plantation at Lacher's Hook; 31. Plantation at Paulus Hook; 32. Plantation of Maerytensen.
1910 map of the area showing the village on the cove surrounded by rail-infrastructure

Lenape

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At the time of European settlement in the 17th century, Communipaw was the site of the summer encampment and council fire of theHackensack Indians,[14]aphratryof theLenape.They, along with theRaritan,Tappan,Wecquaesgeek,Canarseeand other groups who circulated in the region were collectively known as theRiver Indiansby the immigrating population.

It is likely that the name is based in theAlgonquian languageLenape.Earlier spellings are numerous and have includedGamoenapa,[14]Gemonepan,[15]Gemoenepaen,[15]Gamenepaw,Comounepaw,Comounepan[16]Communipau,[17]Goneuipan[18]There are a variety of interpretations of the meaning, though most sources relate it to being fromgamunk,"on the other side of the river", andpe-auke,"water-land", meaning "big landing-place from the other side of the river".[19](Current: "gamuck" meaning "other side of the water" or "otherside of the river"[20]or "landing place at the side of a river"[21]).

New Netherland

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Henry Hudson,commissioned by theDutch East India Company,anchored along the shore at Communipaw in 1609 during his explorations of theUpper New York Bay,North River (Hudson River)andHudson Valley. [22]On September 12 he sailed up to Communipaw, where Robert Juet, his mate, wrote in the log that it was "...a very good land to fall in with, and a pleasant land to see."[23]In 1634 one of the first"bouweries",orhomesteads,in the colony ofNew Netherlandwas built at Communipaw as part ofPavonia,apatroonshipofAmsterdambusinessmanMichiel Pauw.(Some have suggested that the name comes fromCommunity of Pauw,which likely is more a coincidence than a fact.[24][25][26][27]) For a time it bore the name of the Dutchman who settled there,Jan Everts Bout,[28]and was calledJan de Lacher's Hoeck,[29]or "Jan the Laugher's Point", apparently in reference to his boisterous character. Plantations, worked by enslaved Africans, spread across the low-lying areas between the shoreline and the hill.[30]It was here thatTappanandWecquaesgeekfleeing dominant tribes from the north had taken refuge in 1643. They were attacked in the incident known as thePavonia Massacre,subsequently leading toKieft's War.[31]

Originally the village of Communipaw was part of the colony under the jurisdiction of theDutch West India Company.In 1653 it became part of theCommonality of New Amsterdam,[32]which included all the settlements atPavonia,Manhattan,Staten Island,andLong Island). It became a separate village in 1658,[33][34][35]under the jurisdiction ofBergen,established at contemporaryBergen Square.By 1669, regulated ferry service to New Amsterdam had been established.[36][37]After the last English takeover ofNew Netherlandin 1674 it became part of theProvince of New Jersey,in the county ofBergen,though it retained itsDutchcharacter for hundreds of years.Washington Irvingvisited it often (at least once with futureUS presidentMartin van Buren) for inspiration. Writing in the early 19th century, he often referred to Communipaw as being the stronghold of traditional Dutch culture.;[38]he refers to it inThe Legend of Sleepy Hollow.James Fenimore Cooper'sThe Water-Witchand Herman Melville'sThe Confidence-Manboth mention Communipaw as stronghold in a similar vein.John Quidor,an American Romantic painter, created works inspired the village:Embarkation from CommunipawandThe Voyage from Communipaw to Hell Gate.Suydam Street, which can be translated as "south dam", runs for one block south of Communipaw Avenue is taken early Dutch family, whose descendant, Rev. J. Howard Suydam, D.D, was member and historian of theHolland Society of New York.[39]

Railroads

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Originally, the waters of theUpper New York Bayfacing the village (situated near the site of today'sLiberty Science Center) hosted vastoysterbeds that were harvested well into the 19th century.[40]As it was industrialized, first with the construction of ports and later with rail infrastructure, the shoreline was expanded with landfill, notably by theLehigh Valley Railroadand theCentral Railroad of New Jersey.Communipaw Terminal,officially known as theCentral Railroad of New Jersey Terminal,was the waterfrontterminus. The cove just to the south of the station is sometimes still called Communipaw Cove. The railroad also maintained aCommunipaw Stationin the neighborhood farther inland along theright of waynow used by theHudson Bergen Light Rail.Johnston Avenueis named for an early president of the company.

Transportation

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Buses traveling southbound through The Junction are New Jersey Transit routes 6,[41]and81[42]throughGreenvilletoCurries Woods,with the 81 continuing toBayonne.On some trips the 6 alternates its routes along the Lafayette Loop. Northbound the 6 travels toJournal Square,while the 81 travel throughDowntown Jersey CitytoExchange Place.The nearest stations of theHudson Bergen Light Railare located along the southern periphery of the neighborhood atGarfield AvenueinClaremontneighborhood and atLiberty State Park.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ab"Communipaw".Geographic Names Information System.United States Geological Survey,United States Department of the Interior.
  2. ^Locality Search,State of New Jersey. Accessed February 7, 2015.
  3. ^"· HC areas map"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on July 27, 2011.RetrievedAugust 25,2009.
  4. ^"Communipaw, NJ, USA, Earth - Things to do in Communipaw - Geody".www.geody.com.RetrievedJune 26,2024.
  5. ^"NJ State Register of Historic Places in Hudson"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on July 5, 2010.
  6. ^Battle with British
  7. ^"Apple-Tree House".
  8. ^Harriet Phillips Eaton, Jersey City And Its Historic Sites, 1899:
  9. ^Grundy, J. Owen (1975).The History of Jersey City (1609 - 1976).Jersey City: Walter E. Knight; Progress Printing Company.
  10. ^"Jersey City History: The Whitlock Cordage".The Jersey City Landmarks Conservancy. 2007.RetrievedJune 24,2009.[dead link‍]
  11. ^"In Bergen-Lafayette, a canal runs through it - The Real Deal".
  12. ^"Jersey City Online - Everything you want to know about Jersey City New Jersey" Let Jersey City Prosper Online'".Archived fromthe originalon March 8, 2018.
  13. ^"Underground Railroad in Jersey City".Archived fromthe originalon January 2, 2018.
  14. ^abEdward Manning Ruttenber (July 1, 1992).Indian Tribes of Hudson's River: To 1700.North Country Books.ISBN978-0-910746-98-4.
  15. ^abJoan Doherty Lovero (March 1986).Hudson County: The Left Bank.Windsor Publications.ISBN978-0-89781-172-9.
  16. ^New Jersey Colonial Records, East Jersey Records: Part 1-Volume 21, Calendar of Records 1664-1702
  17. ^"Jersey City History - Old Bergen - Chapter XV".
  18. ^"Archived copy"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on March 27, 2009.RetrievedNovember 1,2008.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  19. ^Shriner, Charles Anthony (1919).Four chapters of Paterson history: I. The war for independence. II. The early white settlers. III. Struggle for industrial supremacy. IV. Municipal administration.The Library of Congress. Paterson, N.J., Lont & Overkamp Pub. Co., Printers.
  20. ^ "gilwell.com: The Lenape / English Dictionary".www.gilwell.com.RetrievedJune 26,2024.
  21. ^"Indian Place Names in New Jersey".
  22. ^"History of Jersey City New Jersey".
  23. ^"JERSEY CITY HISTORY OF FORMS OF GOVERNMENT FROM EARLY DUTCH DAYS TO THE PRESENT TIMEThe territory comprising what is now known as Jersey City was a wilderness, occupied by the Lenni Lenape or Delawares, and governed by their tribal laws, until Henry Hudson, an English navigator, in the employ of the Dutch East India Company, seeking another route that would not require the passing of the Spanish coast to the East Indies, and failing in his mission, found these shores".Archived fromthe originalon March 9, 2018.
  24. ^"Archived copy".Archived fromthe originalon May 9, 2012.RetrievedNovember 4,2008.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  25. ^"Ron-C-Myers - User Trees - Genealogy.com".www.genealogy.com.RetrievedJune 26,2024.
  26. ^Gannett, Ganett, Henry,The Origin of Certain Place Names in The United States
  27. ^"New Jersey State Library - The Origin of New Jersey Place Names".Archived fromthe originalon February 23, 2007.
  28. ^"Jan Evertsen Bout at Pavonia".Archived fromthe originalon September 4, 2017.RetrievedJanuary 11,2009.
  29. ^"Communipaw".Archived fromthe originalon June 4, 2016.RetrievedNovember 4,2008.
  30. ^Hodges, Graham Rusell (1999). "Free People and Slaves, 1613-1664".Dutch New York:Roots and Branch:African Americans in New York and East Jersey.Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. p. 9.ISBN0-8078-4778-X.
  31. ^"Jan Evertszen Bout".Archived fromthe originalon September 4, 2017.RetrievedJanuary 11,2009.
  32. ^Russell Shorto(April 12, 2005).The Island at the Center of the World: The Epic Story of Dutch Manhattan and the Forgotten Colony that Shaped America.Random House.ISBN1-4000-7867-9.
  33. ^"Register of New Netherland, Annals of New Netherland".Archived fromthe originalon October 17, 2008.RetrievedDecember 14,2008.
  34. ^"History Of Jersey City New Jersey".Archived fromthe originalon January 12, 2016.
  35. ^"The Project Gutenberg eBook of Journal of Jasper Danckaerts, 1679-1680, by Jasper Danckaerts".
  36. ^Arthur G. Adams (April 1, 1996).The Hudson River Through the Years.Fordham University Press. p.174.ISBN978-0-8232-1677-2.
  37. ^william a. whitehead (1856).contributions to the early history of perth amboy.D. Appleton & Company. p.272.
  38. ^"Knickerbocker's History of New York/Book II/Chapter II - Wikisource, the free online library".en.wikisource.org.RetrievedJune 26,2024.
  39. ^Vookles, Laura (June 12, 2009). Roger Panetta (ed.).Dutch New York The Roots of Hudson Valley Culture.Yonkers, New York: Hudson River Museum. pp. 275, 279.ISBN978-0-8232-3039-6.
  40. ^Mark Kurlansky(January 9, 2007).The Big Oyster: History on the Half Shell.Random House Trade Paperbacks.ISBN978-0-345-47639-5.
  41. ^"NJT bus 6 schedule"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on March 28, 2018.RetrievedMarch 16,2010.
  42. ^"NJT 81 schedule"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on July 4, 2009.RetrievedMarch 16,2010.
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