Damb Sadat(alsoDamb Sadaat,Damb Saadat) is an archaeologicalmoundand ancient settlement in theBaluchistanregion ofPakistan.It is related to the early phases of theIndus Valley civilisation,and dates to 3500 BCE.[1]
 Bowl with painted decoration from Damb Sadat. Early to mid-3rd millennium BC.Metropolitan Museum of Art | |
| Location | Baluchistan region,Pakistan |
|---|---|
| Type | Archaeological moundand ancient settlement |
| History | |
| Periods | 3500 BCE |
| Cultures | Damb Sadat culture |
Damb Sadat is located inQuetta Valley,which is a rich agricultural environment, and was home to several earlier Neolithic cultures.
Damb Sadat culture
editBased on thepotteryfound here, Damb Sadat culture is classified as a separate archaeological culture / subculture.[1]
Quetta pottery (black-on-buff type) is the general term for the ceramic tradition in the valley. Damb Sadat pottery comes as a part of this tradition. It dates to the middle and last half of the third millennium B.C.
This pottery is also found atSaid Qala Tepe,Deh Morasi Ghundai,Mundigakperiods III–IV, andShahr-i Sokhtaperiods I–III, all of which date to the last half of the third millennium B.C.[2]
Cultural sites
edit
There are multiple settlements of this culture in Pakistan and in Iran.
Gregory PossehlseesMundigak,in theHelmand Riverbasin of Afghanistan, as part of the Damb Sadat Phase of Central Baluchistan, dated to 4500-2000 BCE.
- "Contemporary with theKot DijiandAmri-NalPhases is a smaller, more localized cultural phase of the early Harappan, centered on the Quetta Valley.... This valley is also the center of a natural corridor linking southern Afghanistan to the Indus Valley via theBolanand Khojak Passes.[3]
According to him, there are thirty-seven Dumb Sadat sites averaging 2.64 hectares. The largest of them is the Quetta Miri (23 hectares).
Periodisation
editThe first habitation period of Damb Sadat (Damb Sadat I) coincided with the last ofKili Ghul Mohammad.[4]Kechi Begpottery has been found in both sites.
This earliest phase of Damb Sadat lasted from 3500 to 2600 BC, with settlements remaining small but growing in number. It was related also toKot Dijiculture andSothi-Siswalculture.
During Damb Sadat II period, multi-room dwellings were built ofmudbrickwith limestone foundations. The radiocarbon dates for this period is about 3000 BC.[4]
Faiz Mohammed gray pottery comes after Damb Sadat pottery.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^abThe Harappan Civilisation: Its Sub-cultures,Daily Pioneer, 10 May 2018.
- ^J.G. Shaffer; B.K. Thapar (1992)."Pre-Indus and Early Indus Cultures of Pakistan and India"(PDF).UNESCO.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 28 October 2016.
- ^Gregory Possehl, The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. 2002, p. 44
- ^abMukhtar Ahmed · 2014 ·Ancient Pakistan - An Archaeological History: Volume II: A Prelude to Civilization.ISBN1-4959-4130-2p417