Wikipedia

Dark Horse (Katy Perry song)

"Dark Horse"is a song by American singerKaty Perryfeaturing American rapperJuicy J.It was originally released on September 17, 2013, byCapitol Recordsas the first promotional single from Perry's fourthstudio album,Prism(2013). Three months later, it was released as the third official single on December 17. Both artists co-wrote the song with its producers,Max Martin,Cirkut,andDr. Luke,alongsideSarah Hudson.It was conceived by Perry and Hudson during a writing session in Perry's hometown ofSanta Barbara, California,and Juicy J was later commissioned for a verse on the song.

"Dark Horse"
SinglebyKaty PerryfeaturingJuicy J
from the albumPrism
ReleasedDecember 17, 2013
Studio
Genre
Length3:35
LabelCapitol
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)
Katy Perrysingles chronology
"Unconditionally"
(2013) 		"Dark Horse"
(2013) 		"Birthday"
(2014)
Juicy Jsingles chronology
"Lolly"
(2013) 		"Dark Horse"
(2013) 		"Shell Shocked"
(2014)
Music video
"Dark Horse"onYouTube

"Dark Horse" combines the genres oftrap,hip hop,pop-rapandelectropop,replicating what has been described as a "Southern rap-technomashup ". The track features a minimal production, with a" seductive "and" mature "tone to Perry's vocals, while Juicy J is featured on the song's intro andrappedbridge.Perry, in interviews, said she wanted the song to have a "witchy,spell-y kind ofblack magic-y idea ", so she wrote it from the perspective of awitchwarning a man not tofall in lovewith her because if he does, she will be his last. The song was part of a competition sponsored byPepsiin which fans could vote viaTwitteron whether they would prefer either "Dark Horse" or "Walking on Air"to be released as the first promotional single fromPrism.

"Dark Horse" was a commercial success, charting at number one in Canada, the Netherlands, Poland, and the United States. It also reached the top ten in almost 20 countries, including New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Venezuela, as well as on the Digital Songs chart ofBillboardmagazine.[1]Billboardcredits "Dark Horse" for helping cementtrap music's place on the charts.[2]Perry first performed the song live at the 2013iHeartRadio Music FestivalinLas Vegason September 20, 2013. The song's first major television performance was at the56th Annual Grammy Awardson January 26, 2014.[3]"Dark Horse" was nominated forBest Pop Duo/Group Performanceat the57th Annual Grammy Awards.It won Single of the Year at the2014 American Music Awards.The song has sold 13.2 million units (combined sales and track-equivalent streams), becoming the second best-selling song worldwide for 2014.[4]

In 2014,Flame,aChristian rapartist, filed acopyright infringementlawsuitagainst Perry and the other songwriters,claiming that "Dark Horse" copied from his 2008 song "Joyful Noise". On July 29, 2019, a federal jury ruled in favor of Flame and the co-plaintiffs Da' T.R.U.T.H. and Chike Ojukwu. The jury ordered Perry, her collaborators, and associated labels to pay $2.78 million indamages;of which Perry was ordered to pay $550,000. However, in part due to a similar judgment that foundLed Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven"clear of copyright infringement in theNinth Circuit,the jury award wasvacatedon appeal in March 2020.

Production and release

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Inspired by the 1996 filmThe Craft,[5]Perry and singer-songwriter Sarah Hudson wrote the first version of "Dark Horse" in Perry's hometown ofSanta Barbara, California.[6]Perry described the song as a "juxtaposition",as it mixed her, apop musicartist, with an "urban kind ofhip-hop-flavored background soundtrack "; and its lyrics as" witchy and dark ", written from the perspective of" a witch warning [a] man to not fall in love with [her] ", and if so, she would be his last. Perry then asked producerDr. Luketo contact one of hisKemosabe Recordsartists, American rapperJuicy J,for a guest verse. Juicy J complimented Perry as having a "very professional" work ethic and being substantially involved in the song's development. He said: "My verse I did on that song, she was singing it. She's really a genius, she was by the mixing board and telling the guy what to take in and take out. She's really hands-on with her music, she knows music."[7]

"Dark Horse" was recorded and engineered at Luke's in the Boo inMalibu,Conway Recording StudiosinHollywood,Playback Recording Studios in Santa Barbara, California, and Secret Garden Studios inMontecito,as well asMXM StudiosinStockholm,Sweden.It was engineered by Peter Carlsson, Mike "Crazy Mike" Foster, Clint Gibbs, Sam Holland, and Michael Ilbert. They were assisted by Eric Eylands, Rachael Findlen, Justin Fox, Elliot Lanam, and Cory Bice. It was mixed byŞerban Ghenea,while John Hanes served as the engineer for mix. All instrumentation and programming was done by Dr. Luke, Max Martin, and Cirkut.[8]

In a press release on August 20, 2013,Pepsiannounced a partnership with Perry to promote her fourth studio albumPrism:a social "tweet-to-unlock "voting program, encouraging fans to tweet the hashtag #KATYNOW in exchange for song titles and lyrics. The chosen tracks for the campaign were" Walking on Air "and" Dark Horse ". After the samples were revealed, fans could vote for which one they wanted to have an early release on digital retailers.[9]The winner was "Dark Horse", which was released on September 17, 2013, on theiTunes Store.[10]Due to its commercial success, it was sent tocontemporary hitandrhythmicradio stations on December 17, 2013, asPrism's third official single.[11][12]

Composition

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"Dark Horse" is atrap,[13][14]hip hop,[15][16]pop rap[17]andelectropopsong.[18]which is styled in "Southern rap-technomashup ",[19]and has a length of three minutes and thirty-five seconds.[20]Musically, the verses are built around icy rhythms andchopped and screwedvocal samples, while the chorus' feature Perry singing into a gradualcrescendo.[21]The song contains a grimy, "incredibly simplistic" production.[13]According to Kathy Iandoli ofMSN Entertainment,"Dark Horse" contains a mixture of elements from "trippypop",EDM,anddubstep.[22]According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com, "Dark Horse" is written in the key ofB♭minor.It follows a chord progression of G♭– D♭– B♭m – B♭m/A♭,and the vocals range from the low note ofB♭3to the high note ofD♭5."Dark Horse" has a tempo of 132 beats per minute in half-time style typical of trap music.[23]A writer for theWinnipeg Free Pressdescribed the song as "brooding, borderline sleazy trap-pop excursion that comes across like a stripped-down version of 'E.T.' mixed with 'Grindin'' byThe Clipse",before going on to call it unexpected, unconventional, and unstoppable.[24]

Critical reception

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The critical response to guest vocals fromJuicy J(pictured) was generally negative.

Marc Hogan fromSpincalled the lyrics a "cliché salad" but believed that the song had potential to become a hit due to its "soaring hooks" and "sleekly sculpted production".[25]Reviewing the song forBillboard,Jason Lipshutz said that by exploring trap-influenced music, Perry "score[d]" and "slay[ed]".[26]Digital Spy's Robert Copsey questioned the decision to not have a proper chorus in "Dark Horse" and the inclusion ofJuicy J,though he praised the "sleazy" beat and "sultry" vocals from Katy Perry. He gave the track a rating of four stars out of five.[27]Contributor Dylan Mial ofBlogcriticssaid the "juxtaposition"of Perry's vocals and Juicy J's rap brought" the ingredients for a perfect musical storm "and favored Perry for the" uniqueness "of the single.[28]

Keith Murphy fromVibecalled the track "infectiously sexy",[29]while John Walker from MTV was similarly positive about the song, though he wrote that Juicy's verse was "phoned-in".[30]Sal Cinquemani ofSlant Magazinelikened the song to avant-garde bandArt of Noise's song "Moments In Love" and called it a "continuation" of "E.T.",and further labelled it as a" standout "fromPrism.[31]While she did not give her opinion of the song as a whole, Helen Brown from the publicationThe Daily Telegraphcriticized Juicy J for his "daft" rap.[32]ForAbsolutePunk,Craig Manning classified "Dark Horse" asPrism's worst song, while also panning the rapper's contribution.[33]Marah Eakin fromThe A.V. Clubwas not entirely critical of the song, though she noted that it was not among "Perry's best".[34]

Consequence of Sound's Chris Bosman had a mixed response—while he praised the song for feeling "vital" and "forward-moving", he criticized the guest vocals and nonetheless deemed the trap influence "trap for soccer moms".[35]Writing forABC News,Mesfin Fekadu commented that "her team fare[d] better" in the song and observed that the "Southern hip-hop and electronic flavors" present on it were factors that made it "work".[36]Pop music websiteIdolator's Sam Lansky opined that the "weird trap-lite" of the song "never quitecoalesces".[37]The song was nominated forBest Songat the2014 MTV Europe Music Awards,though lost toAriana Grande's "Problem".[38]It was nominated forBest Pop Duo/Group Performanceat the57th Annual Grammy Awards.[39]

Accolades

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Year Awards Category Result
2014 MuchMusic Video Awards Best International Artist Video Nominated
Premios Juventud Favorite Hit
Teen Choice Awards Choice Music: Single by a Female Artist
MTV Video Music Awards Best Collaboration
Best Female Video Won
MTV Europe Music Awards Best Song Nominated
Best Video Won
American Music Awards Single of the Year
MP3 Music Awards Radio/Charts/Downloads Award Nominated
Los Premios 40 Principales Best International Video
NRJ Music Awards Video of the Year
2015 Grammy Awards Best Pop Duo/Group Performance
ADG Excellence in Production Design Award Short Format: Web Series, Music Video or Commercial
Myx Music Awards Favorite International Video
Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Song Of The Year
iHeartRadio Music Awards Best Collaboration

Chart performance

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Perry performing “Dark Horse” during her residencyPlay.

"Dark Horse" debuted at number seventeen on theBillboardHot 100and at number four on theHot Digital Songschart with 194,000 downloads sold for the week ending October 5, 2013.[40] Following its release as a single, after several weeks of ascending the chart, "Dark Horse" reached number one in the United States on the chart dated February 8, 2014. It marked Perry's ninth US number one and Juicy J's first, and remained atop the chart for four consecutive weeks.[41][42][43]It spent 22 weeks in the top ten and 57 weeks on the chart in total, marking Perry's longest stay in both the top ten and on the Hot 100 itself.[44][45]Besides its success on the Hot 100, "Dark Horse" also performed extremely well on Billboard's component charts, topping theMainstream Top 40chart for five weeks, giving Perry her record-tying eleventh number-one, theHot Dance Club Songschart, becoming her record-extending thirteenth consecutive number one, and theRhythmicchart, becoming her second number one, while reaching numbers two and six on theAdult Pop Songsand theAdult Contemporarycharts respectively.[46]As of August 2020, the song has sold 6.4 million copies in the nation,[47]and has been certifiedeleven-times platinumby theRecording Industry Association of America(RIAA).[48]

In Canada, "Dark Horse" debuted at number eight on theCanadian Hot 100chart, and peaked at number one for two weeks, becoming the Perry's tenth number-one single in the country and Juicy J's first, and has since been certified seven-times platinum byMusic Canadafor sales of 560,000 units.[49]"Dark Horse" peaked at number two on theNew Zealand Singles Chartbecoming Perry's twelfth top ten, and was certified double platinum by theRMNZ.[50] In Australia, the song was not eligible to chart on theARIA Top 100 Singles Chart[51][why?]but peaked at number five on the ARIA Top 50 Digital Tracks and was certified eight-times platinum by theARIA,for sales of 560,000 units.[52]"Dark Horse" also saw major success in Europe. In the UK, it peaked at number four on theUK Singles Chart,becoming her thirteenth top ten hit, while peaking at number three in both Ireland and Scotland.[53]The song topped the charts in the Netherlands, Belgium (Flanders), and Poland, while reaching number two in Austria, Norway, and Sweden, number three in Belgium (Wallonia), number four in Israel, Switzerland, and the Czech Republic, number five in Italy, number six in Germany, France, and Denmark, number eight in Hungary, and number nine in Spain.[54]It earned certifications in Sweden (four times platinum), Italy (three times platinum), Norway (three times platinum), the UK (two times platinum), Mexico (two times platinum), Germany (three times gold), and Belgium (gold). "Dark Horse" sold 13.2 million units worldwide in 2014, finishing as the second best-selling song of the year according to theInternational Federation of the Phonographic Industry(IFPI).

Music video

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Background and release

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In an interview withBillboardat the2014 Grammy Awards,Juicy J stated the video will be filmed "soon"; he added that it is "a major motion picture." He further teased the release by saying, "I can't really tell you because it's definitely going to be a surprise, but I'll tell you this much right here: you've seen her other videos, this one's gonna be just as big. Everything she does is like grade A."[55]

When "Dark Horse" had attained the top position on the USBillboardHot 100 Chart, Perry announced that she was working on the video. "[41]On February 6, 2014, Perry tweeted the video would be released "soon".[56][57]On February 13, 2014, she released a preview of the music video onto herVevoaccount onYouTube,revealing the Egyptian setting of the video. Perry played a character named "Katy Pätra", a takeoff on theEgyptianqueenCleopatra.[58]The video was released on February 20, 2014.[59]

The music video was directed byMathew Cullen,who previously worked with Perry on her music video for the song "California Gurls".Perry's idea for the music video was to combine Ancient Egyptian culture with Memphis, Tennesseehip hop:setting the video in ancientMemphis, Egyptas a nod to Juicy J's Tennessee hometown. Speaking of Perry's concept, Cullen said "That's music to my ears — when an artist has a couple concepts that they want to mash up to create something fresh."[60]

On June 9, 2015, the music video for "Dark Horse" became the first video by a female artist to reach 1 billion views onVevo.[61][62]Perry also became the first female to have a video onYouTubewith 1 billion views.[63]As of August 2022, the video has received over 3.3 billion views on YouTube, making it the15th most viewed music video of all timeand 2nd most viewed music video of all time by a female artist, just behind another Perry song, "Roar".[64]

Synopsis

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The video was criticized for including a scene where Perry's character disintegrated a man (pictured), originally seen wearing a pendant appearing to display theArabicword for "Allah",which was subsequently edited out of the video

During the video's opening, it is revealed that the music video takes place "a crazy long time ago" in Memphis, Egypt. For the opening verses, Perry's character Katy Pätra, the witch of Memphis, is shown wearing a white dress and white and blue wig while floating on a large barge at sunset, with pyramids and palm trees visible in the background. The video transitions to a different scene where Pätra, now wearing a longer dress and a black wig, sits in an extravagant Sphinx-like throne while pharaohs gather to bring her expensive gifts (such as a large diamond) in an attempt to "win her heart". After retrieving the first suitor's gift, she hits the man with a magical bolt of lightning from her hand, turning him into a pile of sand, and takes his jewels to wear on her teeth as a grill. Another suitor brings her candy, cupcakes, twinkies, and spicy cheese puffs. After she burns her mouth with the spicy cheese puffs, she turns the suitor into a large cup of water, which she drinks. Pätra also appears as a gray statue in a scene where golden pythons and gray guardian statues such as Anubis, Horus, Nisroch and Apep surround her, and in a scene with a blue background where she wears a golden dress and several golden hieroglyphs levitate around her. During Juicy J's verse, the rapper emerges from a gold sarcophagus while Pätra accepts an Egyptian chariot with hydraulics (she turns the associated suitor into a set of giant dice to hang from the frame) and rejects a suitor who turns out to have the face of a crocodile by turning him into a wallet. During the final chorus, the last suitor brings Pätra a large gold pyramid with a pink capstone, which she ascends. At the top of the pyramid, Pätra, dressed as Isis, uses her powers to conjure up a magical "perfect storm" with pink, purple, and violet clouds. Although it seems like Pätra has finally found a gift she likes, the final frame of the video reveals that she has turned the final suitor into a dog with a human head.

Reception

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The music video was criticized by some for appropriating the symbols and imagery of Egyptian culture. Cullen, the director, defended the music video, saying that, while he believes it is dangerous to rip things directly from present cultures without adding anything to them, Ancient Egypt is part of what he calls our "shared collective mythology". He said: "The most important thing is that when you create something, and this is actually something Katy and I worked to do — you bring a new spin to it." EgyptologistDavid P. Silvermanpraised the music video's use of Egyptian imagery and the interest it could generate to viewers: "[Egypt has] always been a part of popular culture. It encourages people to think of these things, and some of those people actually begin to learn a lot." The video was noted by conspiracy theorists for bearing resemblance to imagery used by the allegedIlluminati,butRobert K. Ritnerrejected the allegations, saying that "The many discussions of the Illuminati are nonsense" and that, in fact, themasonicimagery associated with the Illuminati is drawn from Egyptian imagery (as a common source for both).[60]

Accusations of blasphemy

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The music video caused controversy amongMuslimswho criticized a scene in the video where a man wearing apendantappearing to display theArabicword for "Allah"is disintegrated and turned into sand by Perry's character. The scene took place 1 minute and 15 seconds into the video. A petition launched onChange.orgaccused Perry of "representing an opposition of God" and demanded that the video be taken down fromYouTube.The petition reached over 65,000 signatures and as a response, the pendant was digitally removed from the video on February 26, 2014, after which the petition was closed.[65]

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Main article:Gray v. Perry

On July 1, 2014, theSt. Louis Post-Dispatchreported that Christian rapperFlameand others filed a lawsuit against Perry, Capitol Records, and Perry's co-writers for infringing copyright on the song "Joyful Noise", which appeared on the 2008 albumOur World: Redeemed.[66]The producer, Chike Ojukwu, along with co-songwriterDa' T.R.U.T.H.were listed as co-plaintiffs.[67][68]Cho'zyn Boy, a DJ for Flame in 2014, stated that Perry's song is "identical" to "Joyful Noise", but ten BPM slower in tempo and one step higher in pitch.[69]In addition to the infringement claims, the suit claimed that "by any measure, the devoutly religious message of 'Joyful Noise' has been irreparably tarnished by its association with the witchcraft, paganism, black magic, and Illuminati imagery evoked by the same music in 'Dark Horse'".[70]RapperLecrae,who is featured on the song and was initially included as a plaintiff in the lawsuit, clarified to MTV that "I was in Hong Kong [when] the press release went out and it's not my song — it's my guy Flame's song and I respect everyone's intellectual properties — but that statement about the witchcraft and stuff, that's not my statement and I don't stand behind that statement."[71]To divest himself from the lawsuit, Lecrae signed over his rights to the song to Flame, Da' T.R.U.T.H., and Ojukwu for free.[72]

In August 2018,Christina A. Snyderfrom theUnited States District Court for the Central District of Californiaruled against asummary judgment,arguing that the plaintiffs "demonstrated a triable issue of fact as to access because 'Joyful Noise' achieved critical success, including a Grammy nomination, and was readily available and viewed millions of times on YouTube and MySpace."[73][74]She also deferred to the arguments of musicologistTodd Decker,who claimed that the songs share "five or six points of similarity"; specifically, theostinatosin both songs are either identical or nearly so in theirphrase length,rhythm,pitch content,andtimbre.[72][74]Perry and Dr. Luke countered with their own expert testimony from musicologist Lawrence Ferrara that the commonalities between the two songs are merelygenericelements.[74]During the federal trial in July 2019, Perry, Dr. Luke, and Max Martin testified that they had never heard "Joyful Noise", and that of the trillions of videos uploaded to YouTube between 2009 and 2013, and their defense team attempted to demonstrate that "Joyful Noise" was not widely accessible to audiences.[68][75]The lawyer for Flame and the other plaintiffs noted that Perry in the early 2000s started her career inChristian pop,to which Perry replied that even during that part of her career she was "mostly always listening to... secular music anyway".[68][67][76]

Ferrara argued that "Dark Horse" contains elements common to countless songs, including the much older songs "Mary Had a Little Lamb","Jolly Old St. Nicholas",and"Merrily We Roll Along".[68][72]Decker claimed that the descending melodies of each ostinato are unique and that he had not "seen another piece that descends in the way these two do."[72]The attorney for Perry and fellow defendants accused Flame and the other plaintiffs of "trying to own basic building blocks of music, the alphabet of music that should be available to everyone."[68]Another argument from Perry and the other defendants was that because Ojukwu never registered the beat he produced and later licensed it to Flame, "Joyful Noise" was itself a derivative work.[68][72]When Perry testified before the court, initially technical difficulties prevented her lawyers from playing "Dark Horse" in the courtroom, and Perry joked "I could perform it for you live."[67][76]On July 29, 2019, a federal jury found that Perry, Juicy J, Dr. Luke, Max Martin, Cirkut, and Sarah Hudson were guilty of infringement, along with Capitol Records, Warner Bros. Music Publishing, Kobalt Publishing, and Kasz Money Inc.[67][68]The jury awarded the plaintiffs $2.78 million, of which Perry herself was ordered to pay $550,000.[77]

Perry and the other defendants moved for judgment as a matter of law.[78]While the motion was under consideration, in early March 2020, theNinth Circuit(of which the Central District of California is a part of) issued a ruling in a similar long-running lawsuit on whetherLed Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven"violated the copyright of the song"Taurus"from the bandSpirit.In its ruling, the Ninth found that "Stairway" did not violate the copyright of "Taurus", specifically overturning its "inverse ratio rule"which it had used in several previous cases.[79]Perry's lawyers took this ruling as part of their appeal to Judge Snyder.[80]On March 17, 2020, Judge Snyder overturned the jury award, citing numerous factors, including that the evidence given did not support the jury's award, and of the recent Ninth Circuit judgement. Snyder wrote "A relatively common 8-note combination of unprotected elements that happens to be played in a timbre common to a particular genre of music cannot be so original as to warrant copyright protection". Snyder vacated the jury's verdict and denied motions for a new trial, though stated that should the case be heard on appeal at the Ninth Circuit, that a new jury trial would be required.[81][82][83]The Ninth Circuit ruled 3–0 in March 2022 to affirm Snyder's decision in Perry's favor, stating that "Allowing a copyright over this material would essentially amount to allowing an improper monopoly over two-note pitch sequences or even the minor scale itself."[84]

Live performances

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Perry performing "Dark Horse" atThe Prismatic World Tour

"Dark Horse" was first performed at theiHeartRadio Music FestivalinLas Vegason September 20, 2013.[85]It was later performed at theiTunes Festivalin London.[86]Perry also performed the song with Juicy J at the We Can Survive event at theHollywood Bowlon October 23.[87]Perry also performed "Dark Horse" onThe Voice of Germanyon December 13, 2013.[88]Perry and Juicy J performed the song at the56th Annual Grammy Awardson January 26, 2014. The "dark and mysterious" performance featured a "haunted forest" design withanimatronichorses, broomstick pole dances, and a controlled fire.[3]The singer also performed the song at the2014 BRIT Awardsand the performance featured a neon-colored Egyptian theme, like the music video.[89]

On February 1, 2015, the song was performed by Perry during theSuper Bowl XLIX halftime show,where she was on a chessboard, with her dancers as chess pieces. It is regarded as the most technical performance in her halftime set.[90]

Usage in media

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The song is used as the theme music forThe Face Vietnamseason 3.[91]

Credits and personnel

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Credits adapted fromPrismalbum liner notes.[92]

Formats and track listings

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  • Digital download – Japan version[93]
  1. "Dark Horse" (featuring TEE) – 3:35
  1. "Dark Horse" – 3:35
  2. "Dark Horse" (Johnson Somerset Remix) – 9:01

Charts

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Certifications

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Certifications and sales for "Dark Horse"
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[196] 11× Platinum 770,000‡
Austria (IFPIAustria)[197] 2× Platinum 60,000*
Belgium (BEA)[198] Gold 15,000*
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[199] 8× Diamond 2,000,000‡
Canada (Music Canada)[201] 3× Platinum 391,000[200]
France — 75,000[202]
Germany (BVMI)[203] 3× Gold 450,000‡
Italy (FIMI)[204] 3× Platinum 90,000*
Mexico (AMPROFON)[205] 2× Platinum 120,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ)[206] 2× Platinum 30,000*
Norway (IFPINorway)[207] 5× Platinum 300,000‡
Portugal (AFP)[208] Gold 10,000‡
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[209] 2× Platinum 120,000‡
Sweden (GLF)[210] 4× Platinum 160,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI)[212] 2× Platinum 1,700,000[211]
United States (RIAA)[48] 11× Platinum 11,000,000‡
Streaming
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[213] 2× Platinum 5,200,000†
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[214] Platinum 8,000,000†
Summaries
Worldwide — 13,200,000[4]

*Sales figures based on certification alone.
‡Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
†Streaming-only figures based on certification alone.

Release history

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Release dates and formats for "Dark Horse"
Country Date Format Label Ref.
Various September 17, 2013[a] Digital download Capitol [21]
United States December 17, 2013 Contemporary hit radio [11]
Rhythmic contemporaryradio [12]
France January 6, 2014 Radioairplay Universal [215]
Italy February 14, 2014 [216]
Germany February 28, 2014 CD Capitol [94]
United States March 11, 2014 Urban contemporaryradio [217]
September 4, 2015 Digital download [218]

See also

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References

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Notes

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  1. ^Release as apromotional single.

Cites

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  1. ^Caulfield, Keith (January 2, 2014)."Beyonce Leads for Third Week at No. 1 on Billboard 200 Chart".Billboard.Archivedfrom the original on January 4, 2014.RetrievedJanuary 2,2014.
  2. ^"How Justin Bieber, OMI and More Helped Tropical House Heat Up in 2015".Billboard.
  3. ^abRogulewski, Charley (January 26, 2014)."Katy Perry And Juicy J Perform 'Dark Horse' At 2014 Grammys".Vibe.Archivedfrom the original on January 29, 2014.
  4. ^ab"IFPI publishes Digital Music Report 2015".International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. April 14, 2015. p. 12.Archivedfrom the original on April 14, 2015.RetrievedApril 15,2015.
  5. ^Rutherford, Kevin (October 22, 2013)."Katy Perry Reveals 'Prism' Influences, Adds Stripped-Down Performances at Album Release Event".Billboard.Archivedfrom the original on October 27, 2013.RetrievedFebruary 11,2014.
  6. ^Garibaldi, Christina (August 29, 2013)."Katy Perry's 'Dark Horse' Is A 'Warning'".MTV News.Archived fromthe originalon December 3, 2013.RetrievedDecember 8,2013.
  7. ^Markman, Rob (September 10, 2013)."Katy Perry's 'Dark Horse' Shows Off Her 'Genius,' Juicy J Says".MTV News. Viacom. Archived fromthe originalon October 6, 2014.RetrievedSeptember 22,2013.
  8. ^Prism(inlay cover). Katy Perry.Capitol Records.2013. p. 6.{{cite AV media notes}}:CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
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  10. ^Lee, Christina (August 26, 2013)."Katy Perry Will Drop 'Dark Horse' (Featuring Juicy J) As Her Next 'Prism' Single".Idolator.SpinMedia.Archivedfrom the original on December 3, 2013.RetrievedJanuary 10,2014.
  11. ^abTrust, Gary (December 9, 2013)."Katy Perry Rides In On A 'Dark Horse,' Her Aptly Titled, Unexpected Hit (Updated)".Billboard.Archivedfrom the original on November 11, 2016.RetrievedDecember 18,2013.
  12. ^ab"Katy Perry feat. Juicy J – Dark Horse".Play MPE. Destiny Media Technologies. December 17, 2013. Archived fromthe originalon December 19, 2013.RetrievedDecember 18,2013.
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  16. ^"Miley Cyrus, Britney Spears, Katy Perry: Whose New Song Is Best?".Billboard.September 17, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on September 22, 2013.RetrievedSeptember 22,2013.
  17. ^"2014 Was the Year Pop Music Killed Traditional Genres".Mic.December 9, 2014.Archivedfrom the original on September 23, 2020.RetrievedOctober 26,2020.
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  20. ^"Katy Perry —" Prism "".iTunes Store.September 17, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on October 12, 2013.RetrievedSeptember 17,2013.
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