Evil twin

For other uses, seeEvil twin (disambiguation).

Theevil twinis anantagonistfound in many differentfictionalgenres.The twin is physically nearly identical to theprotagonist,but with a radically invertedmorality.In films, they may have a symbolic physical difference from the protagonist—such as agoatee,eyepatch,scar,distinctive clothing, or a more muscular build—which makes it easy for the audience to visually identify the two characters. Sometimes, however, the physical differences between the characters will be minimized, so as to confuse the audience. Bothrolesare almost always played by either the same actor or the actor's actual twin (if the actor has one).

Mr Keeper fights his evil twin in a 1948Kid Eternitycomic

Though there may be moral disparity between actual biologicaltwins,the term is more often used figuratively: the two look-alikes are not actually twins, but physical duplicates produced by other phenomena (e.g.alternate universes). In other cases, the so-called "evil" twin is adual oppositeto their "good"counterpart, possessing at least some commonality with thevalue systemof the protagonist.

Origins

Mythologic precursors

See also:Dualistic cosmology

The concept of evil twins is ancient and mythical. One of the earliest may be in theZurvanitebranch ofZoroastrianism.This sect distilled the general abstract duality of Zoroastrianism into a concept of manifest twins "born" of a monist (first) principleZurvan(Time). In this cosmological model, the twins—Ahura Mazda (Ormuzd)andAngra Mainyu (Ahriman)—were co-eternal representatives of good and evil.Ahura Mazda, representing good, was eventually expected to win the battle. The doctrinal foundation of Zurvanism lies in its interpretation of the Zoroastrian precepts of Free Will: Like Mazdaism (the other, and still extant branch of Zoroastrianism), Zurvanism emphasized that mortals always "have a choice between good and evil, and that one is always free to make the choice one way or the other."Zurvanism took this one step further and considered Angra Mainyu "evil" by choice, rather than by nature. This characterization is important to modern uses of the "evil twin", as most examples are in fact opposites of their "good twin", rather than wholly evil.

Amongst theMandikaof southernMali,theorigin of the worldis also attributed to twins, albeitfraternalones. According to this legend,Mangala,or God, twice tried to create the world with seeds. The first attempt failed because he had but one seed. On his second attempt, Mangala used four sets of twin seeds. This experiment was more satisfactory, and soon a universe was growing within acosmic egg.Ultimately, however, one of the male twins, Pemba, grew tired of being confined. In attempting to escape, he proved himself treacherous. The rip he caused in the cosmic egg begat the Earth. It also compelled Mangala to seek asacrificeofatonement.For this, Mangala killed Pemba's innocent fraternal twin, Faro. When Faro's remains were scattered on the newly formed Earth, fertile land was formed.Thus the Earth as we know it is the result of the treason of the evil twin and the sacrifice of the good one.

ManyNative Americancreation mythslikewise provide for the role ofdualistictwins.

Early fictional appearances

Literature

Inliterature,Beowulfhas been cited as an early example of the evil twin story. Although it does not feature biological twins or even characters that seem to have similar appearances, the precise parallel language suggests that the monsters are evil reflections of the hero.

Film

A notable early use of the modern concept of evil twins in film is1939'sThe Man in the Iron Mask.This adaptation of a part of the novelThe Vicomte de BragelonnebyAlexandre Dumasmade a key change to the source material by suggesting that the plot's central twins were in fact opposites of each other.Louis XIVis portrayed as the evil twin of Philippe, a boy raised byd'ArtagnanandThe Three Musketeers.The movie contains many of the commontropesof the evil twin plot, such as the fact that Phillippe is unaware of his twin's existence, differences in upbringing being important to the twins' adult temperaments, facial hair as a way for the audience to distinguish between the twins, one twin impersonating the other, and the eventual triumph of the good twin.

Evil twins were also staples ofserial films.They were crucial plot devices in the initial1937Dick Tracystoryline and the1941Jungle Girl serial.In the 1937 serial, Gordon Tracy was introduced as Dick's twin brother. Gordon underwent an evil scientist's procedure which rendered him evil and physically transformed. For the majority of the story he and Dick were played by different actors, but it is understood that he was intended as a twin. In the case of Jungle Girl, it is not the titular character who has the twin, but her father. She is raised in the wilds ofAfrica,according to the narrative, because her uncle drives her father into exile there when she is a young girl. Later, after she has grown into a young woman, she stops her uncle's plan to illegally remove diamonds from the continent.

However, just as in the modern era, early film usages were not confined toaction-adventurestories.Charlie Chaplin'sThe Great Dictatorwas a 1940comedicevil twin story that worked on two levels. In the narrative itself, Chaplin played both a good, simple barber and his evil counterpart, aHitler-esque dictator. But it was also born of the notion that Chaplin himself actually looked like Hitler. As a modern reviewer has noted:

The notion of these two brilliant and spectacularly successfulmonomaniacalover-achievers existing simultaneously like some Good Twin/Evil Twin duality, watching each other ascend to dominance as living iconic images, then "meeting" in a David-Goliath match playing on movie screens internationally... you couldn't pitch that story line toHollywoodeven as anX-Menflick.

— Mark Bourne, in his review of the 2003 DVD release ofThe Great Dictator

Comic books

Comic bookscontain some other early appearances of evil twins. One example, still available on the market today, isKing Ottokar's SceptrebyHergéwhich originally was published in 1938–39.Tintinis hired as Professor Alembick's secretary and flies with him to Syldavia. The real Alembick has been abducted in the beginning of the story, and unknown to Tintin replaced by an antagonist, in a plan to steal the sceptre. In the end of the story Tintin understands the impostor was the evil twin of the professor.

Another example is found in September 1948'sKid Eternity#11. The final story in the work revolves around "Handsome Harry", the evil twin of Kid Eternity's mentor, Mr. Keeper.Handsome Harry is the archetypal evil twin in that he is both evil and a biological twin.

The cover of 1968'sWonder Woman#175, which explicitly references the "Evil Twin".

The concept was brought to the moreiconicsuperhero,Superman,about a decade later. 1958'sBizarrowas at firstSuperboy's evil twin.This twin was easily distinguishable both in deformed physical appearance and manner of speech. Bizarro, more anti-Superman than evil, nevertheless "represented Superman'sJungian shadow,his dark side ".InDC Comics,evil doppelgangers of various superheroes reside onEarth-Three,such as Superman and Batman's evil counterparts,UltramanandOwlman,respectively.

Although theKid Eternitystory has had the term retroactively applied to it, none of these examples originally used words "evil twin" explicitly. 1968'sWonder Woman#175 is thus important for being an early case of the term appearing on a comic cover.

Television

While evil twins are inextricably linked to thesoap opera(one particularly long-running "evil twin" soap opera storyline was onAll My Children,whereDavid Canaryplayed evil twinAdam Chandlerand good twinStuart Chandlerfor nearly 30 years), they have appeared in most televisedgenres.Some of the earliest usages were in fact inwesterns.Two episodes entitledDeadly Imageappeared within a year of each other on two different westerns.Maverick'sversion appeared in March 1961,followed swiftly byThe Rifleman'stake in February 1962.Beyond the coincidence of name, both offered similar plots: the hero becomes confused with a look-alike criminal, and the guilt of the hero must be cleared by demonstrating that the evil twin is a separate individual. In the Disney Cartoon seriesAladdinit is implied that the evil wizard Mozenrath is Aladdin Evil twin.

Tropes

The evil twin has now been used with great enough frequency to become viewed with cynicism as a hackneyed concept. As the character ofKate Austenremarked in adeleted scenefromLost:"It's not a soap opera until somebody's evil twin shows up."However, within the concept of the evil twin there are characteristics which are themselvestropes.

The goatee

The biggest of these distinguishing traits is thegoatee.Famously used by the "Mirror Universe"version ofStar TrekcharacterSpock,in the episode "Mirror, Mirror",it was an easy way for audiences to tell" good "Spock from" evil "Spock (the character, while more ruthlessly logical than his counterpart, is far from evil). The presence of a goatee on a familiar character is now seen as an immediate clue that the character is an evil twin. Even writers not discussing evil twins in their literary sense have occasionally made reference to the goatee through quickmetaphor:

You can't go to the evil twin school of plotting very often if you're hack writing your way through Hollywood, but once you do it's thankfully easy. You slap a goatee on somebody (evil Spock,Evil David Hasselhoff) and voila: evil twin goodness. The rest of the story, I am told, writes itself. So if you're a Hollywood writer and you can only go to the well once or twice in the life of the show, how come Microsoft can be evil and Apple be angelic ALL of the time? And even worse, why is Microsoft defying convention and refusing to use a Mac logo with a goatee?

— Chris Seibold,writing about the relationship between Apple and Microsoft.

TheEvil Overlord Listrefers to it with Item 35: "I will not grow a goatee. In the old days they made you look diabolic. Now they just make you look like a disaffected member of Generation X."

General usage

Type of doppelgänger

Main article:doppelgänger

In modern use,evil twinand one sense of the worddoppelgängerhave come to be virtually interchangeable. While "evil twin" does not connote the sense of "supernatural harbinger of death", it can be used to mean "a physical copy of one's self who has an altered morality".

If you watch enough daytime soap operas, then you already know the horrifying truth: Everyone on earth has an evil twin (or doppelgänger, if you will) roaming around and acting like a jerk. These doppelgängers are the ones who sleep with your best friend's boyfriend, steal prescription medication out of your bathroom cabinet, and spread vicious (and only partially true) rumors about your sexual proclivities. You have a doppelgänger, your dog has a doppelgänger, and your mom has a doppelgänger. Everybody has a doppelgänger—except for me. As it turns out, I'm someone else's doppelgänger.

— Steven Humphrey, in an article fromSeattle-basedThe Stranger

As metaphor

The termevil twinhas also passed into general usage in a variety of different contexts. In computer technology,it describesa fakedwireless access pointdesigned to appear like a genuine one, for the purpose ofphishinginformation from unsuspecting users.The term is further used in contemporaryjournalismandnon-fictionas a convenient label.Inastronomy,Venusis often called Earth's "evil twin", in reference to the similarity, yet opposition, of the two bodies.It is also a commonly asked questiontwinsget and there are various view points on this.