Fano

For other uses, seeFano (disambiguation).

Fano(Italian:[ˈfaːno]) is a town andcomuneof theprovince of Pesaro and Urbinoin theMarcheregion ofItaly.It is a beach resort 12 kilometres (7 miles) southeast ofPesaro,located where theVia Flaminiareaches theAdriatic Sea.It is the third city in the region by population afterAnconaand Pesaro.

Fano
Comune
Comune di Fano
Arch of Augustus
Coat of arms
Fano within the Province of Pesaro-Urbino
Location of Fano
Fano Location of Fano in Italy Fano Fano (Marche)
Coordinates:43°50′33″N13°0′49″E
Country	Italy
Region	Marche
Province	Pesaro e Urbino(PU)
Frazioni	Bellocchi, Caminate, Carignano, Carrara di Fano, Centinarola, Cuccurano, Falcineto, Fenile, Magliano,Marotta,Metaurilia, Ponte Sasso, Roncosambaccio, Rosciano, Sant'Andrea in Villis, Torrette di Fano, Tre Ponti
Government
• Mayor	Luca Serfilippi (Lega)
Area
• Total	121 km2(47 sq mi)
Elevation	12 m (39 ft)
Population (31 December 2017)
• Total	60,978
• Density	500/km2(1,300/sq mi)
Demonym	Fanesi
Time zone	UTC+1(CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2(CEST)
Postal code	61032
Dialing code	0721
Patron saint	Saint Paternian
Saint day	10 July
Website	Official website

History

An ancient town ofMarche,it was known asFanum Fortunaeafter a temple ofFortunalocated there. Its first mention in history dates from 49 BC, whenJulius Caesarheld it, along withPisaurumand Ancona.Caesar Augustusestablished acolonia,and built a wall, some parts of which remain. In 2 AD Augustus also built an arch (which is still standing) at the entrance to the town.

The Castle of Fano in a 19th-century etching. The high watchtower was destroyed during World War II.

The Castle of Fano July 2011

In January 271, theRoman Armydefeated theAlamanniin theBattle of Fanothat took place on the banks of theMetauroriver just inland of Fano.

Fano was destroyed byVitiges'Ostrogothsin AD 538. It was rebuilt by theByzantines,becoming the capital of the maritimePentapolis( "Five Cities" ) that included alsoRimini,Pesaro,Senigalliaand Ancona. In 754 it was donated to theHoly Seeby the Frankish kings.

TheMalatestabecame lords of the city in 1356 withGaleotto I Malatesta,who was nominally only a vicar of the Popes. Among the others,Pandolfo IIIresided in the city. Under his son, the famouscondottieroSigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta,Fano was besieged by Papal troops underFederico III da Montefeltro,and returned to the Papal administration. It was later part of the short-lived state ofCesare Borgia,and then part of theduchyof thedella Roveresin the Marche.

During theNapoleonic Warsit suffered heavy spoliations; the city had an active role in theRisorgimento.InWorld War IFano was several times bombed by theAustro-Hungarian Navy.DuringWorld War IIit was massively bombed byAlliedaeroplanes due to hit the strategic railway and street bridges crossing the Metauro river. When theNaziswithdrew from the town they destroyed all of the bell towers in the town.

During the1916 Rimini earthquakes,two spires ofFano Cathedralcollapsed, a large stucco angel fell in theChurch of Sant'Agostino,and part of the belltower wall of theChurch of Santa Maria del Gonfalonecollapsed. Part of a wall of the Church of San Paterniano collapsed.The earthquake of 16 August caused an exodus from the town.

Main sights

Religious structures

• Fano Cathedral:(12th century), which was erected over a pre-existing cathedral destroyed by a fire in 1111. The current façade is from the 1920s restoration, but is similar to the original. The interior has a nave and two aisles. No remnants of the town's namesake temple have been uncovered, nor any of the basilica that (we are told)Vitruviusbuilt there.
• San Domenico
• San Pietro in Valle:
• San Paterniano:(16th century) with a Renaissance cloister.
• San Francesco:church housing the tombs of Pandolfo III Malatesta (designed byLeon Battista Alberti) and his first wife Paola Bianca Malatesta.
• Santa Maria Nuova:(1521) Church has an ancient portal and two works byPerugino(Annunciation of FanoandFano Altarpiece,the latter including perhaps an intervention byRaphael).

Outside the city, in the place called Bellocchi, is the church ofSt. Sebastian(16th century), for the construction of which parts of the ancient cathedral were used.

Secular structures

• Arco d'Augusto:The upper story of this Roman gate was destroyed in a siege conducted on the order ofPope Pius IIin 1463, although a bas-relief of it was made by Bernardino di Pietro da Carona in 1513on an adjacent wall of the annexed church and theloggiaofSt. Michael,the former having a noteworthy Renaissance portal.
• Corte Malatestiana:built after 1357 by Galeotto I Malatesta. The 14th-century section includes a great vaulted hall (probably part of the first residence of the Malatesta in the city) and a small turret. The modern part was built under Pandolfo III in 1413–23. The current edifice was heavily restored in the 20th century, but original are themullioned windowsinGothicstyle as well as the staircase and the loggia from a 16th-century restoration. Also noteworthy is the Borgia-Cybo Arch (late 15th century). The palace is connected to thePalazzo del Podestàby a modern bridge, probably present also in the original structure.
• Rocca Malatestiana:(Malatesta Castle) was partially destroyed in 1944. The most ancient part dates probably from pre-existing Roman and medieval fortifications. The castle in its current form was begun in 1433 or 1438 bySigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta.The now missingmastiowas erected in 1452. Here Sigismondo's son,Roberto,was besieged by Papal Troops in 1463 and signed the peace treaty that ended the Malatesta domination of Fano.
• Museo Civico of Fano:(Archeological Museum and Art Gallery), located inside thePalazzo Malatestiano,contains paintings byGuercino,Michele Giambono,andGiovanni Santi.
• Palazzo delPodestàordella Ragione(built from 1229 in Romanesque-Gothic style). The interiors are in Neoclassicist style, and it houses a museum with archaeological findings, coins, medals, and an art gallery with works byGuido Reni,Domenichinoand others.
• Fontana della Fortuna(Fountain of Fortune) (17th century).

Culture

• Fano dei Cesariis held annually in July or August for a week.During the week there are a variety of cultural events ending with a parade in Roman costumes and chariot races.
• TheFano Jazz by The Seafestival is held annually for one week.
• The library, theBiblioteca Federiciana,was established on 17 November 1720.

Sports

Ultimate Frisbee

The Ultimate Frisbee Fano Association was created in 2001. The association has 4 teams: Croccali (mixed), Mirine (women), Spaccamadoni (men) and Angry Gulls (juniors). Since 2001, the association has won 8 Italian championships.

Notable people

• Sebastiano Ceccarini(1703–83), painter
• Clement VIII,Ippolito Aldobrandini (1536–1605), pope
• Menahem Azariah da Fano(1548, Fano – Mantua, 1620), famedRabbiandKabbalist
• Antonio Giuglini(1825–65), opera tenor
• Fathi Hassan(born 1957), artist
• Carlo Magini(1720–1806), painter
• Roberto Malatesta(c. 1441-1442–1482), condottiero and lord of Rimini
• Laura Martinozzi(1639–87), duchess, mother ofMary of Modena
• Bruno Radicioni(1933–97), painter, sculptor and ceramist
• Ruggero Ruggeri(1871–1953), actor
• Giacomo Torelli(1608–78), set designer
• Franco Trappoli,Mayor of Fano (1980–83) and first Buddhist member of the Italian Parliament

International relations

See also:List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy

Fano istwinnedwith:

• Rastatt,Germany
• Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône,France
• St. Albans,United Kingdom
• Stribro,Czech Republic
• Binbrook, Ontario,Canada
• Sault Ste Marie,Canada

See also

• Roman Catholic Diocese of Fano-Fossombrone-Cagli-Pergola

External links

• Fano homepage(in Italian)
• The Fano Club at Baylor University