Wikipedia

Faridabad

For other uses, seeFaridabad (disambiguation).

Faridabad(Hindi:[fəɾiːdɑːbɑːd]) is the most populouscitynear NCT of Delhi in theIndianstate ofHaryanaand a part ofDelhi National Capital Region.[9]It is one of the major satellite cities around Delhi and is located 284 kilometres south of the state capital,Chandigarh.The riverYamunaforms the eastern district boundary with Uttar Pradesh. TheGovernment of Indiaincluded it in the second list ofSmart Cities Missionon 24 May 2016.[10]As per the 2021 Delhi Regional Plan, Faridabad is a part of the Central National Capital Region or Delhi metropolitan area.[11]

Faridabad
Metropolitan City
From top, left to right: Vatika Mindscapes, NHPC Corporate Office, Crown Plaza of Faridabad, Lake nearSurajkund,Larsen & ToubroCorporate Office
Faridabad
Faridabad
Faridabad
Faridabad
Faridabad
Faridabad
Coordinates:28°25′16″N77°18′28″E/ 28.4211°N 77.3078°E/28.4211; 77.3078
CountryIndia
StateHaryana
DistrictFaridabad
Metropolitan AreaNational Capital Region
Established1607
Founded byShaikh Farid Bukhari
Government
• TypeMunicipal Corporation
• BodyFaridabad Municipal Corporation[1]
•MayorSuman Bala
•Senior Deputy MayorDevender Chaudhary
•Municipal CommissionerA. Mona Sreenivas,IAS[2]
• Planning agencyFaridabad Metropolitan Development Authority
Area
[3]
• Total189.9 km2(73.3 sq mi)
Elevation
198 m (650 ft)
Population
(2011)
• Total1,414,050
• Density7,400/km2(19,000/sq mi)
DemonymFaridabadi/Fbd-ians
Languages
• OfficialHindi[4]
• Additional officialEnglish[4]andPunjabi[5]
• RegionalHaryanvi[6]
Time zoneUTC+5:30(IST)
PIN
121001[7]
Telephone code0129
Vehicle registrationHR-51 (Faridabad city)
HR-29 (Ballabhgarh)
HR-38 (Commercial)
HR-87 (Badkhal)
HDI(2017)Increase0.696[8](medium)
WebsiteFaridabad Municipal Corporation

The newly developed residential and industrial part of Faridabad (Sec. 66 to 89) between theAgra Canaland the Yamuna River is commonly referred to asGreater Faridabad(also known asNeharpar). The area is being developed as a self-sustained sub-city with wide roads, tall buildings, malls, educational institutions, and health and commercial centers. Sectors 66 to 74 are Industrial Sectors, while Sectors 75 to 89 are Residential Sectors.[12]

Faridabad is a major industrial hub of Haryana.[9]50% of the income tax collected in Haryana is from Faridabad and Gurgaon.[13]Faridabad is famous forhennaproduction from the agricultural sector, while tractors, motorcycles, switch gears, refrigerators, shoes, tyres and garments constitute its primary industrial products.

In 2018, Faridabad was considered by theWorld Health Organizationas the world'ssecond most polluted city.[14]Faridabad ranked 10th in theSwachh Survekshan Survey's top ten dirtiest cities in India in 2020.[15]

Faridabad has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as asmart cityunderGovernment of India's flagshipSmart Cities MissionbyMinistry of Urban Development.

History

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See also:Braj,Mewat,andHistory of Haryana

The city was founded in 1607 bySheikh Farīd,treasurer to theMughalemperorJahangir,to protect theGrand Trunk RoadbetweenDelhiandAgra,and lies in the cultural region ofBrajandMewat.[16]In Independent India, Faridabad was initially a part ofGurgaon districtwhich was later made an independent district on 15 August 1979.

NearbyTilpat(then "Tilprastha" ) was one of the five villages demanded by Pandavas to avert a disastrous war.[17][18]

Geography

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Climate

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Faridabad
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
15
21
8
19
23
10
21
30
15
27
36
21
29
40
26
61
39
28
214
35
27
228
34
26
100
34
25
21
33
19
5
28
13
14
22
8
█Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█Precipitation totals in mm
Source:Weather 2[19]
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
0.6
70
46
0.7
73
50
0.8
86
59
1.1
97
70
1.1
104
79
2.4
102
82
8.4
95
81
9
93
79
3.9
93
77
0.8
91
66
0.2
82
55
0.6
72
46
█Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█Precipitation totals in inches

Faridabad has a borderlinehot semi-arid climate(KöppenBSh) just short of a dry winterhumid subtropical climate(Cwa). The city features the three typical Indian seasons – The "hot" or pre-monsoon season lasts from late March to mid-July and is typified by sweltering and arid conditions that begin very dry but later turn humid. The "wet" ormonsoonseason is sweltering and often dangerously humid with frequent but erratic heavy rainfall. Following the retreat of the monsoon is the "cool" or winter season with warm and sunny weather producing by far the most comfortable conditions.[citation needed]

Climate data for Faridabad
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 21.1
(70.0) 		23.7
(74.7) 		30.0
(86.0) 		36.9
(98.4) 		40.0
(104.0) 		39.0
(102.2) 		35.2
(95.4) 		34.2
(93.6) 		34.2
(93.6) 		32.9
(91.2) 		27.6
(81.7) 		22.4
(72.3) 		31.4
(88.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 7.7
(45.9) 		10.6
(51.1) 		15.3
(59.5) 		21.1
(70.0) 		25.4
(77.7) 		27.7
(81.9) 		26.7
(80.1) 		25.8
(78.4) 		23.9
(75.0) 		19.1
(66.4) 		14.2
(57.6) 		9.3
(48.7) 		18.9
(66.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 23
(0.9) 		33
(1.3) 		20
(0.8) 		14
(0.6) 		20
(0.8) 		74
(2.9) 		208
(8.2) 		183
(7.2) 		99
(3.9) 		13
(0.5) 		5
(0.2) 		8
(0.3) 		700
(27.6)
Source:Climate Data[20]

Faridabad has been ranked 17th best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India.[21]

Demographics

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Religion in Faridabad city (2011 census)[22]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 89.01%
Islam
 
 7.29%
Sikhism
 
 2.04%

As per 2011 census, Faridabad had a population of 1,414,050 out of which there were 754,542 males and 659,508 females.[23]The literacy rate was 83.83 per cent.[24] The local languages areBrajbhashaandHaryanvi.[25]

Religion in Faridabad City
Religion Population
(1911)[26]: 20  		Percentage
(1911)
Hinduism 3,034 67.65%
Islam 1,436 32.02%
Christianity 12 0.27%
Sikhism 1 0.02%
Others[a] 2 0.04%
Total Population 4,485 100%

Administration

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There are six key administrators of Faridabad.[27] [28]

S. No. Department Title Position Holder Qualification
1 Administration Divisional Commissioner Sh. Sanjay Joon IAS
2 Administration Deputy Commissioner Sh. Vikram Singh IAS
3 Administration Additional Deputy Commissioner Ms. Aparajita IAS
4 Municipal Corporation of Faridabad (MCF) Commissioner Sh. Jitendra IAS
5 Judiciary District & Sessions Judge Sh. Yashvir Singh Rathore HCS (Judicial)
6 Police Commissioner of Police Sh. Vikas Kumar Arora IPS

Faridabad, Palwal, and Nuh district jointly fall underFaridabad divisionofHaryana.A Division is headed by a Divisional Commissioner.

National Power Training InstituteCorporate Office, Faridabad

Faridabad has a judiciary system headquartered at District Court in Sector 12 which came into existence on 8 December 1980 with Shri A.P. Chaudhary as first District & Sessions Judge, Faridabad. The District Court has itsBar associationwith more than 2000 lawyers as its members[29]

Economy

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The Faridabad Small Industries Association claims that Faridabad and Gurgaon districts account for almost 56% of the income tax collected in Haryana.[9]Faridabad has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as asmart cityunderPM Narendra Modi'sflagshipSmart Cities Mission.[30]It has started growing as another technology hub in Haryana nurturing startups and innovation.[31]

Faridabad is the largest exporter ofhenna(Mehandi) in India. According to the Faridabad Henna Manufacturing Association, the sale of henna from Faridabad is worth an estimated₹250 crore(US$30 million)–₹300 crore(US$36 million) annually.[32]

Many directorates of different union government ministries are headquartered in Faridabad including Central Ground Water Board, Department of Plant Quarantine and Central Insecticide Lab,[33]and Union Government Offices from Haryana including the Commissioner of Central Excise within Department of Revenue, Government of India, Department of Explosives, and Department of Labour. Institute such as National Council for Cement and Building Materials, a research and development institute under the ministry of commerce, and industry has its head office in Faridabad.[34]

The Apex Central Training Institute of the Department of Revenue, Government of India, National Academy of Customs Excise & Narcotics is located at Sector 29. TheNational Power Training Institute,an autonomous body underMinistry of Power,Government of Indiahas a corporate office in Faridabad.[35]The city also hosts the National Institute of Financial Management, which serves as training academy for accounting and financial services.[36]

NHPC Corporate Office, Faridabad

Also headquartered here isNHPC Limited which is a Central PSU under the Ministry of Power, Government of India, and the largesthydropowerCompany in India.

An office of Geological Survey of India is also located in the NIT-5 area of the city.

Faridabad is the industrial capital of Haryana. As of 2013, out of a total of 11,665 registered working factories in Haryana, 2,499 were in Faridabad which was followed by Gurgaon with 2,116 factories. According to a study, the growth of Faridabad has been declining in the last 2 decades, the share of Faridabad in investment is less than 1% and 93% of investment is in the paper industry. The industrial contribution of Faridabad to Haryana's revenue was declined from 29% to 22% in 2012–13.[37]

Faridabad is home to large-scale companies likeEscorts Limited,[38]IndiaYamahaMotor Pvt. Ltd.,HavellsIndia Limited,[39]JCBIndia Limited,Indian Oil(R&D),[40]Larsen & Toubro(L&T),[41]WhirlpoolIndia Ltd.,ABB Group,GoodyearIndia Ltd.,BataIndia Ltd andEicher TractorLtd., and Beebay Kidswear[42]Eyewear e-tailerLenskartand healthcare startupLybratehave their headquarters in Faridabad.[43][44]More than 5,000 units of auto parts producers are based in Faridabad.[45]Lakhani Armaan Group has set up manufacturing facilities at Faridabad (Haryana). [46]

Transportation and connectivity

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Rail

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Faridabad is on the broad gauge of theNew Delhi – Mumbai Line.New Delhi andHazrat Nizammudin Railway Stationis about 25 km away fromOld Faridabad railway station.The trains for big cities likeMumbai,Hyderabad,Chennaiare easily accessible from here. Local trains runs betweenNew Delhito Faridabad.[47]

Metro

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See also:Violet Line (Delhi Metro)
TheViolet Lineof theDelhi Metroconnects Faridabad

Delhi MetroViolet Lineconnects Faridabad withDelhi.The extension of Violet Line to Faridabad was inaugurated byPrime MinisterNarendra Modion 6 Sepetmeber 2015.[48]There are 9 metro stations in Faridabad corridor of Delhi Metro which are all elevated.[49]Metro has been recently elongated toBallabhgarhwith the addition of two stations-Sant Surdas SihiandRaja Nahar SinghBallabhgarh.

The 11 metro stations areSarai,NHPC Chowk,Mewala Maharajpur,Sector 28,Badkhal Mor,Old Faridabad,Neelam Chowk Ajronda,Bata Chowk,Escorts Mujesar,Sant Surdas (Sihi)andRaja Nahar Singh.[50]

Road

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Delhi Faridabad Skyway

Faridabad is well connected withDelhithroughDelhi Faridabad Skyway(Main Badarpur Flyover). Upcoming DND-Faridabad-KMP expressway[51][52][53][54][55] It is also connected to cities ofGurugramthrough Faridabad Gurugram Road (SH137) andNoida, Gautam Buddha NagarofUttar Pradeshthrough Upcoming Bridge near Manjhawali in Faridabad and Jewar in Noida and Ghaziabad through F.N.G road.

Airways

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Faridabad is served byIndira Gandhi International Airportin New Delhi, which is around 35 km from Faridabad.[47]The airport is the busiest airport in India and provides domestic and international air connectivity.[56]

Education

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See also:List of education facilities in Faridabad

Higher education

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There are numerous educational institutions in Faridabad that offer higher education courses. These colleges provide courses in different field like science, medicine, arts, commerce, engineering, MCA, etc. Some of the colleges that offer graduate and undergraduate courses include:

Healthcare

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ESIC Medical College, Faridabad

There are many private and government hospitals in Faridabad.[57][58]The city also has one Government Medical College Hospital named Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College, Faridabad.[59]The city had another private medical college Gold field medical college situated in Village Chainsa, Ballabgarh which got defunct in 2016 due to financial constraints and later bought byHaryana governmentand planned to restart in 2020 by the name of "Atal Bihari Vajpayee government medical College".[60]Other hospitals include:

Sports

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Cricket

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Nahar Singh Stadium

TheNahar Singh Stadium,which has approximately 25,000 seats, has hosted 8 international cricket matches[61]and a league cricket match betweenMumbai Heroesand Bhojpuri Dabbang ofCelebrity Cricket League.[citation needed]However, owing to the poor condition of the grounds, international competitions have not been held there since 2017.[61][62]In 2019, a $10.15 million (115 Crore) Haryana government project began to renovate the stadium and grounds. International matches are expected to resume in the facility by the early 2020.[61]

Groundwater and land subsidence

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A study published in Nature scientific report[63]reports that land is sinking in Faridabad due to groundwater overpumping.

Tourism

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Badkhal Lake

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Dried Badkhal lake
Main article:Badkhal Lake

Badkhal Lake was located in Badkhal village, 8 km from Delhi Border. The lake fringed by Aravalli hills was a man-made embankment which has now dried up.[64]The lake complex, spread over 40 acres, had come up in 1969.[65]In June 2015, Haryana government decided to revive the Badkhal lake here to once again attract tourists.[66]

Surajkund Tourist Complex and International Crafts Fair

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Main article:Surajkund

Situated at a distance of around 8 km from South Delhi. It is a 10th-century water reservoir which believed to be built by Tomar king Surajpal.[67][68]Place is known for its annual fair "Surajkund International Crafts Mela".[69]2015 edition of fair was visited by 1.2 million visitors including 160,000 foreigners with more than 20 countries participating in fair.[70]The Suraj Kund Lake.[71]D2i.in. Retrieved on 2012-01-10. here is surrounded by rock cut steps.[72]

2016 edition of Surajkund International Crafts Mela was the 30th edition and People's Republic of China will be participating in the fair.[73]Participation of the China will be the part of agreement signed between India and China in 2014 to celebrate year 2016 as "Year of China in India".[74]

In 2021, the international crafts fair or Surajkund Mela, as it commonly called scheduled from 1 to 15 February was cancelled for the first time in 34 years amid COVID-19 fears.[75]

Anangpur Dam

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Main article:Anagpur Dam
Surajkund dam downstream side

The Anagpur Dam is located close to the Anagpur village (also called Arangpur) inFaridabad district,about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away fromSurajkund.[citation needed]This unique Indian hydraulic engineering structure was built during the reign of KingAnangpalof theTomar dynastyin the 8th century. It is approachable by road fromDelhifrom the Delhi –Mathuraroad. The ruins of the fortifications found in Anangpur village establish by an inference that it was built by Anangpal as part of theLal Kotthat was developed as the first city of Delhi in the 8th century.[76][77][78]

Raja Nahar Singh Palace

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Main article:Raja Nahar Singh Palace

Raja Nahar Singh palace is located inBallabhgarh.NowHaryana Tourismmanages the palace as heritage property. The palace is now a motel-cum-restaurant.

Baba Farid's Tomb

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The tomb is located in old Faridabad. Baba Farid was a popular Sufi Sant. The tomb contains 2 gigantic doors and the graves of Baba Farid and his son.[1]

Prehistoric Stone Age site

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Main article:Mangar Bani

Archaeologists discovered cave paintings and tools from thePaleolithicperiod in theMangar Banihill forest, which is on the outskirts of Faridabad. Thecave paintingsare estimated to be one lac years old. These are believed to be the largest in theIndian subcontinentand possibly the world's oldest.[79][80]

Recreation

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Faridabad and various shopping malls including SRS Mall in Sector 12, Crown Interiors Mall in Sarai Khawaja Village, Crown Plaza in Sector 15 A, Parasnath Mall along with several others. The city has a good network of parks in each sector with some of the major parks like Town Park in Sector 12 which also accommodates one of the LargestFlag of India.Omaxe World Street is the recent addition to the malls ofGreater Faridabad.

Religious sites

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Utilities

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Faridabad has been selected as one of the 100Smart Cities in India.[83]A live talk show on making Faridabad 'a smart city' was organised at Municipal Corporation's Auditorium.[when?][84][85]Haryana Power Generation CorporationLtd (HPGCL) is setting up a solar power plant at the site of a defunct thermal power plant in Faridabad. The power generator plans to set up the plant over 151.78 acres near Bata Chowk in the district that generated coal based energy in the past.[86]

Environment

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A petition was filed withNational Green Tribunal(NGT) for protection ofAravallifrom Faridabad waste disposal.[87]

Politics of Faridabad

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TheLok Sabha MPfrom Faridabad isKrishan Pal Gurjar,who was elected in May 2019. TheMLAisNarender Gupta,who was elected in October 2019.[88]

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  77. ^Peck, Lucy (2005).Delhi – A thousand years of Building.New Delhi: Roli Books Pvt Ltd. p. 29.ISBN81-7436-354-8.Archived fromthe originalon 12 March 2006.Retrieved5 September2009.One of the two significant structures in the area, the dam lies about 1 km to the north of the Anangpur village. A path from the main village street will lead you into flat pastureland. Head for the small rocky hill ahead of you and climb over it. On the other side is another flat area, rather thickly covered in thorn trees. It is worth finding a way through them to the dam that straddles the gap between the two nearby hills. The dam is an impressive edifice 50 m wide and 7 m high built from accurately hewn quartzite blocks.---There is a passage for the egress of water at the level of the ground on the dammed side. The flat land across which you have walked is caused by centuries of silt deposits in the lake that once existed behind this dam. The land around has been very heavily quarried recently, so further archaeological finds are unlikely.{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help)
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  89. ^"Members Bioprofile".
  1. ^IncludingJainism,Buddhism,Zoroastrianism,Judaism,others, or not stated

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