English:Examples of pre-19th century hoopskirts. The images are:
Upper left: The so-called "Snake Goddess", as discovered and restored by Arthur Evans. 1600 BCE. Details (and even the whole object) could be a fake. Minoan. Often theorised that hoops were required to support the skirts, but this is usually dismissed by scholars.
Upper right: Verdugada, 1470-80, as seen in the Retable of St. John the Baptist - detail of Salome and ladies wearing earlyverdugados(farthingales) or hoop skirts. Painted by Pedro García de Benabarre
Lower left: Farthingale, c.1600, as seen in the Portrait of a Lady, 1595-1605 probably Elizabeth Southwell, granddaughter ofCharles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham,as a maid of honour toElizabeth I of England.Possibly Elizabeth, Frances or Margaret Howard, daughters of Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham. Unknown artist.
Lower right: Hoop petticoat or pannier, English, 1750-80. Plain-woven linen and cane. Los Angeles County Museum of Art. (M.2007.211.198)
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