Wikipedia

Grand Funk Railroad

"Grand Funk" redirects here. For the album, seeGrand Funk (album).

Grand Funk Railroad(often shortened toGrand Funk) is an American rock band formed inFlint, Michigan,in 1969 byMark Farner(vocals, guitar, keyboards, harmonica),Don Brewer(drums, vocals) andMel Schacher(bass). The band achieved peak popularity and success during the 1970s with hit songs such as "We're an American Band","I'm Your Captain (Closer to Home)","Some Kind of Wonderful"(a cover ofSoul Brothers Six), "Walk Like a Man","The Loco-Motion"(a cover ofLittle Eva), "Bad Time"and"Inside Looking Out"(a cover ofthe Animals).[2][3]Grand Funk released sixplatinumand seven gold-certified albums between their recording debut in 1969 and their first disbandment in 1976.

Grand Funk Railroad
The original trio in 1971. Left to right: Don Brewer, Mark Farner and Mel Schacher
The original trio in 1971. Left to right: Don Brewer, Mark Farner and Mel Schacher
Background information
Also known asGrand Funk, GFR
OriginFlint, Michigan,U.S.
GenresHard rock[1]
Years active
  • 1969–1976
  • 1981–1983
  • 1996–1998
  • 2000–present
Labels
MembersDon Brewer
Mel Schacher
Max Carl
Tim Cashion
Mark Chatfield
Past membersMark Farner
Craig Frost
Dennis Bellinger
Rick Baker
Howard Eddy, Jr.
Stanley Sheldon
Bruce Kulick
Websitegrandfunkrailroad.com

Known for a crowd-pleasingarena rockstyle, the band toured extensively and played to packed arenas worldwide, and was well-regarded by audiences despite a relative lack of critical praise.[4]The originaltrioreunited at various times later into the band's career; after Farner's final departure in 1998, Brewer and Schacher have continued touring as Grand Funk Railroad.

History

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AGrand Trunk Western Railroadbridge (over Fenton Road) in Grand Funk's hometown ofFlint, Michigan,that was re-painted to instead show the band's name, as well as the first names of founding membersMark FarnerandDon Brewer,and early 1980s bassist Dennis Bellinger

Formation (1969)

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Grand Funk Railroad was formed as a trio in 1969 by Mark Farner and Don Brewer fromTerry Knight and the Packand Mel Schacher fromQuestion Mark & the Mysterians.[5]Terry Knight,after being approached by Brewer, soon became the band's manager and also named the band originally "Grand Trunk Railroad" as a play on words for theGrand Trunk Western Railroad,a well-known rail line in Michigan.[2]The railroad objected to using their name, and the band was forced to change the name to Grand Funk Railroad.[6]

Mark Farner talks of the circumstances leading up to the formation of Grand Funk Railroad:

"We were actually a five-piece, I was the singer, there were four other musicians (including Brewer), but I wasn't playing anything in that band, the Fabulous Pack (so renamed after Knight had gone). I just stood up front and sang. We got waylaid; we were out in Cape Cod in a summer beach house, a little cabin, and it was winter. We had the worst snowstorm in the history of the world and we got stranded there for weeks in February of 1969. We were melting down snow to have water to drink and mix with our oatmeal that didn't have any butter or sugar and that's all we were living on. These two other players were married. When we got home (to Flint), the two guys that were married, their wives were gonna divorce them and the band broke up. We got all these gigs coming up and now we don't have a band. I said, 'We ought just do a three-piece' and Don said, 'Do you think we can?' And I said, 'If we get the right bass player we can.' We started looking and went out to Delta Promotions in Bay City where this company that sent us out to the Boston area to do these gigs [was located] and we were going to give them a piece of our minds. But while we were sitting in the outer office waiting to get in, there was somebody in their rehearsal hall playing. You couldn't hear it very good, but you could feel the bass coming through the wall and I said, 'Ooh, listen to that bass player, that guy's getting down under that. We gotta see who that is.'

"So, they took a break and it was? and the Mysterians and Mel Schacher was playing bass. Mel and I had grown up together, rode dirt bikes, hung out together and I said, 'Mel, are you playing with him now?' and he said, 'Yeah, but I'm not liking it.' I said, 'Brewer and I were talking about putting together a three-piece. Would you be interested in being the bass player?' He said, 'Hell, yeah, when are you gonna do it?' and I said, 'Next week we're gonna start.' We joined the Flint Federation of Musicians on Avril Street. A lot of the first album was written, right there in that Union Hall."[7]

The band first achieved recognition at the 1969Atlanta International Pop Festival,after their local promoter, Jeep Holland, got them the slot for no monetary compensation, and after opening the first day, the band went down so well that they were invited to appear on all three days.[8]This exposure proved to be invaluable, and the band was signed byCapitol Records,where their manager, Knight, was working as anA&Rperson. After a raucous, well-received set on the first day of the festival, Grand Funk was asked back to play at the 1970Atlanta International Pop Festival IIthe following year. Patterned after hard-rock power trios such asCream,the band, with Terry Knight's marketing savvy, developed its popular style.

In August 1969, the band released its first album titledOn Time,which sold over 1,000,000 copies and was awarded agold recordin 1970.[9]The album topped the American album charts.[10]

In February 1970, a second album,Grand Funk(orThe Red Album), was awarded gold status less than 2 months after its release.[9]Despite critical pans and littleairplay,the group's first eight albums (seven studio releases and one live album) were quite successful.

Early 1970s

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The hit single "I'm Your Captain (Closer to Home)",from the albumCloser to Home,released in June 1970, was considered stylistically representative of Terry Knight and the Pack's recordings. In the spring of 1970, Knight launched an intensive advertising campaign to promote the albumCloser to Home.[2]That album was certified multiplatinum despite a lack of critical approval.[9]The band spent $100,000 on a New York CityTimes Squarebillboardto advertiseCloser to Home.[11]

By 1971, Grand Funk equaledthe Beatles'Shea Stadiumattendance record but sold out the venue in just 72 hours, whereas the Beatles concert took a few weeks to sell out.[12]FollowingCloser to Home,The double discLive Albumwas also released later in 1970 and was another gold disc recipient.[9]SurvivalandE Pluribus Funkwere both released in 1971.E Pluribus Funkcelebrated the Shea Stadium show with an embossed depiction of the stadium on the album cover's reverse.

By late 1971, the band was concerned with Knight's managerial style and fiscal responsibility. This growing dissatisfaction led Grand Funk Railroad to fire Knight in early 1972. Knight sued for breach of contract, which resulted in a protracted legal battle. Knight repossessed the band's gear at one point before a gig atMadison Square Garden.InVH1'sBehind the MusicGrand Funk Railroad episode, Knight stated that the original contract would have run out in about three months and that the wise decision for the band would have been to wait out the time.[13]However, at that moment, the band members felt they had no choice but to continue and fight for the rights to their careers and name. The legal battle with Knight lasted 2 years and ended when the band settled out of court. Knight became the clear winner with the copyrights and publisher's royalties to every Grand Funk recording made from March 1969 through March 1972, not to mention an enormous payoff in cash and oil wells. Farner, Brewer, and Schacher were given the rights to the name Grand Funk Railroad.[14]

In 1972, Grand Funk Railroad added former Fabulous Pack bandmateCraig Froston keyboards full-time.[15]Originally, the band had attempted to attractPeter Frampton,late ofHumble Pie;however, he was not available due to signing a solo record deal withA&M Records.The addition of Frost, however, was a stylistic shift from Grand Funk's original garage-band-based rock & roll roots to a more rhythm & blues/pop rock-oriented style. With the new lineup, Grand Funk releasedPhoenix,its sixth album of original music, in September 1972.[16]

Cashboxadvertisement, March 2, 1974

To refine Grand Funk's sound, the band secured veteran musicianTodd Rundgrenas a producer. With the band’s name shortened to Grand Funk,[17]its two most successful albums and two number-one hit singles resulted: the Don Brewer-penned "We're an American Band"(from the number two albumWe're an American Band,released in July 1973) and "The Loco-Motion"(from their 1974 number five albumShinin' On,written byCarole KingandGerry Goffinand originally recorded byLittle Eva).[2]"We're an American Band" became Grand Funk's first number-one hit on Farner's 25th birthday, followed by Brewer's number-19 hit "Walk Like a Man.""The Loco-Motion "in 1974 was Grand Funk's second chart-topping single, followed by Brewer's number-11 hit" Shinin' On ". The band continued touring the U.S., Europe, and Japan.[18]

Mid-1970s

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In 1974, Grand Funk engagedJimmy Ienneras producer and reverted to using their full name: Grand Funk Railroad. The cover ofAll the Girls in the World Beware!!!(December 1974) depicted the band members' heads superimposed on the bodies of bodybuildersArnold SchwarzeneggerandFranco Columbu.This album spawned the band's last two top-10 hits, "Some Kind of Wonderful"and"Bad Time"in late 1974/early 1975.

Although they were highly successful in the mid-1970s, tensions mounted within the band due to personal issues, burn-out, and disputes over musical direction. Despite these issues, Grand Funk forged ahead. Needing 2 more albums to complete their record deal with Capitol, Grand Funk embarked on a major tour and decided to record a double live album,Caught in the Act(August 1975).[14]

The double album should have fulfilled the contract with Capitol; however, because it contained previously released material, Capitol requested an additional album to complete Grand Funk's contractual obligation. While pressures between the band members still existed, they agreed to move forward and complete one more album for Capitol to avoid legalities similar to those they endured with Terry Knight in 1972. The band recordedBorn to Die(January 1976), but its lower sales (it only managed to reach #47 on the Billboard chart) and lack of hit singles disappointed the group. They began to drift apart, and rumours of a breakup were circulating.[19]

However, Grand Funk found new life from interest byFrank Zappain producing the band. Signing withMCA Records,the resulting albumGood Singin', Good Playin'(August 1976), although it netted them some of their best critical reviews ever, yielded little success.[2]After this, a disillusioned Grand Funk Railroad disbanded in earnest in late 1976.[20]Farner recalled what happened then: "Things were disenfranchised within the band. I don't want to speculate about what was going on in Brewer's life—his first wife died, and that was rough—but one day he walked into the studio and said, 'I've had it. I need to find something to do with my life that's more stable.' He was done. He walked out and slammed the door. It was him, not me. Everybody thinks I broke the band up, but it was him."[21]

First disbanding, 1976–1981; new lineup in the early 1980s

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Following the breakup, Farner began a solo career and signed withAtlantic Records,which resulted in two albums:Mark Farner(1977) andNo Frills(1978). Brewer, Schacher and Frost remained intact and formed the band Flint. Flint released one 1978 album onColumbia Records;a second record was finished but never released.[citation needed]

In 1981, Grand Funk Railroad reunited after being approached by their former manager Andy Caviliere (who had taken over from Terry Knight in 1972). The reunion took place without Frost (who was playing withBob Seger) and withDennis Bellingerreplacing Schacher on bass. Schacher begged off saying he had developed a fear of flying but later admitted that he had no longer wanted to be involved with Caviliere.[14]

The new lineup released two albums onIrving Azoff'sFull Moonlabel, distributed byWarner Bros. Records.These releases includedGrand Funk Lives(July 1981) andWhat's Funk?(January 1983).[2]Neither album achieved much in the way of critical acclaim or sales; but the single "Queen Bee" was included in the filmHeavy Metaland its soundtrack album.[14]

The band toured in 1981 and 1982 with Rick Baker joining them on the road to play keyboards. But the dismal sales ofGrand Funk Livesand the death of manager Caviliere in 1982 caused the group to disband a second time in early 1983, shortly afterWhat's Funk?was released.[14]

Second disbanding, 1983–1996

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Farner continued as a solo performer and became aChristian recording artistwhile Brewer went on to join Frost inBob Seger'sSilver Bullet Band.[22]Farner was promoted byDavid Fishofin the late 1980s and was a part of Fishof's conceptRingo Starr & His All-Starr Bandin 1995. After that, Fishof began sounding out Farner, Brewer and Schacher about reuniting again.[14]

Re-formation, 1996–present

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After some rehearsals in late 1995, Grand Funk Railroad's three original members (joined on tour by keyboardist/guitarist and background vocalist Howard Eddy Jr.) once again reunited in 1996 and played to 500,000 people during a three-year period.[14]

In 1997 the band played three sold-outBosnianbenefit concerts.These shows featured a full symphony orchestra that was conducted byPaul Shaffer(fromLate Show with David Letterman). The band released a live two-disc benefit CD calledBosniarecorded inAuburn Hills, Michigan.This live recording also featured Peter Frampton, Alto Reed and Howard Eddy Jr.[citation needed]

In late 1998, Farner left the band after disagreements with Brewer and returned to his solo career. And after a two-year hiatus, when Brewer and Schacher once again approached Farner about reuniting, he turned them down after they refused to honor his desire to be paid fifty percent, rather than a third of the group's revenue as in the past. He explained his reason in his autobiography,From Grand Funk to Grace:"I do a hell of a lot more work on stage. I wrote the vast majority of the songs. During the 1990s, I committed to two years with Grand Funk. That first year we only did 14 dates. I ended up putting in three years. That was my mistake. I wasn't going to lose money again. At the time, each of us individually owned the Grand Funk trademark. In 1998 Don Brewer suggested we form a corporation to limit our liability as individuals on the road and I agreed. Unfortunately this meant that two thirds of the corporation is the majority".[23]And so in late 2000, Brewer and Schacher voted to go forward without Farner, recruiting lead vocalistMax Carl(formerly of Jack Mack & the Heart Attack and38 Special), formerKisslead guitaristBruce Kulickand keyboardistTim Cashion(Bob Seger,Robert Palmer) to complete the new lineup.[23]

In 2005 Grand Funk Railroad was voted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame.[24]

In 2018 Brewer and Schacher sued Farner for filing a trademark for the name "Mark Farner's American Band". The lawsuit stated that Farner had violated a 2004 agreement, which called for, among other things: that Farner's first and last names appear in capital letters before a reference to Grand Funk or Grand Funk Railroad, with only the first letters of the band capitalized, and first letters of the words, "former," "formerly" and "member" also capitalized.[25]Another round of this lawsuit by Brewer and Schacher was filed two days after Mark Farner's son, Jessie Farner, had passed away.

Also in 2018, bassistStanley Sheldon(ex-Peter Frampton) filled in for Schacher after Schacher's wife, Dena, died of cancer.[26]

In 2019 Grand Funk's main hit writer, Mark Farner, was handed a legal victory to tour as "Mark Farner's American Band", after his ex-bandmates sued him to prevent him from using that name. Farner revealed that since the 2004 lawsuit, he was constantly sued by Brewer and Schacher over the mentions of Grand Funk Railroad by his promoters, and that many of his shows since 2004 were cancelled because of the injunctions against him by Brewer and Schacher.[27]

Grand Funk Railroad continues to tour, and kicked off its "The American Band Tour 2019", "Celebrating 50 Years of Funk" tour on January 17, 2019.[28]

On January 2, 2024 Bruce Kulick announced he was departing Grand Funk Railroad after 23 years, having played his final concert with the group on December 14, 2023 in Marietta, Ohio, citing that he wanted to focus on other projects.[29]On January 4, 2024 Grand Funk Railroad announced that singer-guitarist Mark Chatfield (The Godz,Rosie, Bob Seger and the Silver Bullet Band) would replace Bruce Kulick as permanent member of GFR.

Legacy

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David FrickeofRolling Stonemagazine once said, "You cannot talk about rock in the 1970s without talking about Grand Funk Railroad!"[30][31]

Band members

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Timeline

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Discography

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Further information:Grand Funk Railroad discography

References

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  1. ^Huey, Steve."Grand Funk Railroad".AllMusic.RetrievedJuly 3,2019.
  2. ^abcdefLarkin, Colin,ed. (1997).The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music(Concise ed.).Virgin Books.p. 539.ISBN1-85227-745-9.
  3. ^"Grand Funk Railroad".Spotify.RetrievedNovember 10,2022.
  4. ^"Grand Funk Railroad interviews, articles and reviews from Rock's Backpages".Rocksbackpages.com. April 26, 1996.RetrievedJuly 22,2011.
  5. ^"Mark Farner: Timeline".markfarner.com.Archived fromthe originalon February 2, 2015.RetrievedOctober 4,2021.
  6. ^GT Mills
  7. ^"Mark Farner on Grand Funk Railroad's Highs & Lows".September 29, 2022.
  8. ^"Don Brewer - An Interview with the drummer/vocalist of Grand Funk Railroad and The Silver Bullet Band." It was amazing. It was a rock and roll moment... a rock and roll fantasy... wow! look at this thing. "- Musicguy247".
  9. ^abcdMurrells, Joseph (1978).The Book of Golden Discs(2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. p.279.ISBN0-214-20512-6.
  10. ^"Grand Funk Railroad Biography".metallian.August 1, 2022.RetrievedAugust 1,2022.
  11. ^Tobler, John (1992).NME Rock 'N' Roll Years(1st ed.). London: Reed International Books Ltd. p. 213. CN 5585.
  12. ^James (1999), pp. 15–16, 22, 37, 60.
  13. ^James (1999), pp. 31, 36–37, 76.
  14. ^abcdefgDiscoveries MagazineNo. 124 October 1998 Steve Bond
  15. ^"TERRY KNIGHT AND THE PACK - Michigan Rock and Roll Legends".
  16. ^James (1999), pp. 80, 83–84.
  17. ^Huey, Steve."Grand Funk Railroad".AllMusic.RetrievedJanuary 7,2024.
  18. ^James (1999), pp. 90, 92–94, 104–106.
  19. ^James (1999), pp. 113–116, 123–127.
  20. ^James (1999), pp. 130–134.
  21. ^"Music Aficionado".Web.musicaficionado.com.RetrievedOctober 5,2020.
  22. ^James (1999), pp. 139–149.
  23. ^abEngelhardt, Kristofer (2001).From Grand Funk to Grace: The Authorized Biography of Mark Farner.Collector's Guide Publishing, Incorporated.ISBN1896522742.
  24. ^"Michigan Rock and Roll Legends – GRAND FUNK RAILROAD".Michiganrockandrolllegends.com.RetrievedOctober 11,2019.
  25. ^"Grand Funk Railroad sues former front man over use of its name".March 12, 2018.
  26. ^"Grand Funk Railroad Tour Reports".Grandfunkrailroad.com.RetrievedApril 12,2020.
  27. ^-"Mark Farner handed legal victory with 'American Band'".March 20, 2019.
  28. ^"Grand Funk Railroad Official Web Site".Grandfunkrailroad.com.RetrievedOctober 11,2019.
  29. ^"MSN".MSN.
  30. ^"GRAND FUNK bio".Grand Funk Railroad.RetrievedJuly 16,2015.
  31. ^"Grand Funk".Rolling Stone.No. 919. April 3, 2003. Archived fromthe originalon July 16, 2015.RetrievedJuly 15,2015.

Further reading

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  • James, Billy (1999).An American Band: The Story of Grand Funk Railroad.SAF Publishing Ltd.ISBN0-946719-26-8.
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