Gromov Flight Research Institute

Gromov Flight Research Institute
Native name	Лётно-исследовательский институт имени М. М. Громова
Company type	Joint-stock company
Industry	Aerospace
Founded	1941;83 years ago
Founder	Mikhail Gromov
Headquarters	Zhukovsky, Russia
Area served	Europe and Asia
Owner	Russian Federation
Parent	United Aircraft Corporation
Website	www.lii.ru(in Russian)

TheGromov Flight Research InstituteorGFRIfor short (Russian:Лётно-исследовательский институт имени М. М. Громова,Russian:ЛИИ) is an important Russian State Research Centre which operates an aircraft test base located inZhukovsky,40 km south-east ofMoscow.The airfield is also known asRamenskoyeair base.

The airfield was used as the backup landing site for theShuttle Burantest program and also as a test base for aBuran's aerodynamic prototype BTS-002.

GFRI periodically hosts theMAKSInternational Air Show (Aviasalon).

At present, GFRI also hostsZhukovsky International Airport.

History

Foundation

The Flight Research Institute was founded on March 8, 1941, in accordance with the decree ofSovnarkomand the Central Committee of theCommunist Party of the Soviet Union.Mikhail Gromov,atest pilot,Hero of the Soviet Union,became its first chief. From the very beginning the institute participated in development and testing of aircraft and airborne systems, conducted flight research in order to pave the way to further scientific activities.

The first years of the institute's existence fell on thewar times.During the war experts of the institute kept developing recommendations to eliminate defects in flight qualities and war-fighting capabilities of the aircraft, flight testing of the aircraft prototypes, studied the foreign aircraft and equipment, both purchased and taken as trophies.

Cold War

Zhukovsky airfield was the Soviet Union's equivalent to the US Edwards AFB and as such many types of aircraft underwent evaluation.^[2]

Here some western aircraft were tested or analyzed:^{[citation needed]}

Wrecks from F-111s shot down over North Vietnam were sent to Zhukovskiy to be analyzed.
Pieces of US planes shot down in North Vietnam and their captured electronic countermeasures equipment were taken for evaluation (F-111, A-6, A-7, B-52, F-4, F105, etc.).
Captured VNAF helicopters are believed to have been tested (UH-1H, CH-47).

Perestroika times

Ilyushin Il-76LL testbed withProgress D-27engine prototype

ModifiedSukhoi Su-27P aeroplane (1995)

GLL-APhypersonic scramjet testbed

In 2001 GFRI had a staff of about 5000 then headed by Vyacheslav M. Bakaev. Number of research flying test-beds was about 70 complemented with 20 multipurpose test stands and simulators. The institute also supportedFedotov Test Pilot School.Newly built by AMST of Austria centrifuge then was one of the advanced in the world having a gondola with a 3D visual projection system and formed the core of GFRI's aerospace medical research complex. As said Vilgelm I. Vid (GFRI deputy chief for civil aviation) the institute pioneered a civilaircraft upsetrecovery system to decrease a number ofCFITaccidents originated in aeroplane upsets. However, Bakaev said GFRI was passing through economic difficulties as most Russian aeronautical facilities. The institute was downsized by about 30% since 1996, and most of the test aircraft were underutilized.^[3]

Due to financial problems in the 1990s (known asperestroikatimes), tourist fighter flights in former secret jets became available, mainly for wealthy western tourists. The security check was comparable to the Russian visa. On offer for flights was theAero L-39 Albatrosjet trainer, the Soviet-builtMikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21,Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23,MiG-25for stratosphere "Edge of Space" flights, theMiG-29Fulcrum and even theSukhoi Su-27Flanker.^[4]From June 2006, such flights were stopped.^[5]

The airline was established by the institute in 1995 as a wholly owned commercial subsidiary and named Gromov Air (laterMoskovia Airlines).

Current research and development activities

Aerospace flight research and testing in low and high speed aerodynamics, flight dynamics, propulsion and avionics technologies (GLL-8 (Gll-VK) Igla).^[6]^[7]^[8]
Testing and certification services for prototype aircraft and on-board equipment.^[7]
Research in aircraft flight safety, reliability, maintainability and other operating capabilities.^[9]
Fedotov Test Pilot Schoolfor training test pilots, navigators, and on-board test engineers.^[10]
Development, production and operation of a variety offlying testbedsincluding those based on theTu-154,Su-30,Il-76,Il-103aeroplanes,Mi-8helicopters, etc.^[7]^[8]
Development and production of flight testing instrumentation (low and high frequency data collection solid state storage systems, vibration parameters measuring devices, instant temperature sensors, miniaturized flat piezoresistance beat and pressure distribution sensors, hot-wire airflow velocity vector transducers and aerodynamic friction stress measurement products, etc.).^[6]