Gypsis agenusofOld World vulturesthat was proposed byMarie Jules César Savignyin 1809. Its members are sometimes known asgriffon vultures.Gypsvultures have a slim head, a long slender neck with downy feathers, and a ruff around the neck formed by long buoyant feathers. The crown of their big beaks is a little compressed, and their big dark nostrils are set transverse to the beak. They have six or seven wing feathers, of which the first is the shortest and the fourth the longest.
| Gyps | |
|---|---|
| |
| Gyps fulvusfrom Naumann, Natural history of the birds of central Europe, 3rd ed. 1899 | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Accipitriformes |
| Family: | Accipitridae |
| Subfamily: | Aegypiinae |
| Genus: | Gyps Savigny,1809 |
| Type species | |
| Gyps vulgaris[1]=Vultur fulvus Savigny, 1809
| |
| Species | |
|
8 extant, 2 extinct; see text. | |
Taxonomy
editThe genusGypswas introduced in 1809 by the French zoologistMarie Jules César Savignyto accommodate theEurasian griffon vulture.[2][3]The genus name is fromAncient Greekgupsmeaning "vulture".[4]The genus contains eight extant species.[5]
| Image | Name | Distribution andIUCN Red Liststatus |
|---|---|---|
 |
Eurasian griffon vultureG. fulvus(Hablitz,1783)[6] |  LC[7] |
 |
White-rumped vultureG. bengalensis(Gmelin,1788)[8] | India and Nepal, Pakistan CR[9] |
 |
Cape vultureG. coprotheres(Forster,1798)[10] | Southern Africa VU[11] |
 |
Indian vultureG. indicus(Scopoli,1786)[12] | Pakistan, India and Nepal CR[13] |
 |
Slender-billed vultureG. tenuirostrisGray,1844[14] | India CR[15] |
 |
Rüppell's vultureG. rueppelli(Brehm,1852)[16] | Saheland East Africa CR[17] |
 |
White-backed vultureG. africanusSalvadori,1865[18] | West and center, East, Southern Africa CR[19] |
 |
Himalayan vultureG. himalayensisHume,1869[20] |  NT[21] |
Two fossil species have been described:
- † Maltese vultureG. melitensisLydekker,1890[22]– Fossil remains were found inMiddletoLate Pleistocenesites all over the central and easternMediterranean.[23]
- †G. bochenskiiBoev, 2010 – Fossil remains were found nearVarshetsin northwesternBulgariathat were dated to theLate Pliocene.[24]
References
edit- ^"Accipitridae".aviansystematics.org.The Trust for Avian Systematics.Retrieved2023-07-26.
- ^Savigny, Marie Jules César(1809).Description de l'Égypte: Histoire naturelle(in French). Vol. 1. Paris: Imprimerie impériale. pp.68,71.
- ^Mayr, Ernst;Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979).Check-List of Birds of the World.Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 305.
- ^Jobling, James A. (2010).The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names.London: Christopher Helm. p. 183.ISBN978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^Gill, Frank;Donsker, David;Rasmussen, Pamela,eds. (August 2022)."Hoatzin, New World vultures, Secretarybird, raptors".IOC World Bird List Version 12.2.International Ornithologists' Union.Retrieved2 December2022.
- ^Hablitz, C. L. (1783)."Vultur fulvus Briss".Neue nordische Beyträge zur physikalischen und geographischen Erd- und Völkerbeschreibung, Naturgeschichte und Oekonomie.4:58–59.
- ^BirdLife International(2017)."Gyps fulvus".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2017:e.T22695219A118593677.
- ^Gmelin, J. F. (1788)."Vultur bengalensis".Caroli a Linné, Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis.Vol. I (13th aucta, reformata ed.). Lipsiae: Georg Emanuel Beer. pp. 245–246.
- ^BirdLife International (2017)."Gyps bengalensis".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2017:e.T22695194A118307773.
- ^Forster, J. R. (1798)."Le Chasse-siente, der Rothjäger. No. 10 (V. Coprotheres)".F. le Vaillant's Naturgeschichte der afrikanischen Vögel.Halle: Bey Fried. Christoph Dreyssig. pp. 35–37.
- ^BirdLife International (2021)."Gyps coprotheres".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2021:e.T22695225A197073171.doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T22695225A197073171.en.Retrieved10 December2021.
- ^Scopoli, J. A. (1786–88)."Aves".Deliciae Flora et Fauna Insubricae Ticini. An account including new descriptions of the birds and mammals collected by Pierre Sonnerat on his voyages.London: C. J. Clay. pp. 7–18.
- ^BirdLife International (2017)."Gyps indicus".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2017:e.T22729731A117875047.
- ^Gray, G.R. (1844)."Vulturinae, or Vultures".The genera of birds: comprising their generic characters, a notice of the habits of each genus, and an extensive list of species referred to their several genera.Vol. 1. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. pp. 5–6.
- ^BirdLife International (2017)."Gyps tenuirostris".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2017:e.T22729460A117367614.
- ^Brehm, A. (1852)."Beiträge zur Ornithologie Nord-Ost Afrikas, mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die in Europa vorkommenden Arten der Vögel".Naumannia.2(3): 38–51.
- ^BirdLife International (2017)."Gyps rueppelli".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2017:e.T22695207A118595083.
- ^Salvadori, T. (1865)."Descrizione di una nuova species d'Avoltojo (Gyps africana) ".Gazzetta Ufficiale del Regno d'Italia(126): 1.
- ^BirdLife International(2018)."Gyps africanus".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2018:e.T22695189A126667006.
- ^Hume, A. O. H. (1869)."Gyps fulvus,Gmel. (Gyps himalayensis,nobis.) ".My scrap book: or rough notes on Indian oology and ornithology.Calcutta: C.B. Lewis, Baptist Mission Press. pp. 12–18.
- ^BirdLife International (2016)."Gyps himalayensis".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2016:e.T22695215A118594518.
- ^Lydekker, R. (1890)."On the remains of some large extinct birds from the cavern-deposits of Malta".Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.28(III): 403–411.
- ^Marco, A. S. (2007). "New occurrences of the extinct vultureGyps melitensis(Falconiformes, Aves) and a reappraisal of the paleospecies ".Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.27(4): 1057–1061.doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[1057:NOOTEV]2.0.CO;2.S2CID198131101.
- ^Boev, Z. (2010)."Gyps bochenskiisp. n. (Aves: Falconiformes) from the Late Pliocene of Varshets (NW Bulgaria) ".Acta Zoologica Bulgarica.62(2): 211–242.