Wikipedia

Haneda Airport

"Haneda" redirects here. For the neighborhood of Ōta, Tokyo, seeHaneda, Ōta, Tokyo.For the surname, seeHaneda (surname).
"Tokyo Airport" and "Tokyo International Airport" redirect here. For Tokyo's other international airport, seeNarita International Airport.

Haneda Airport(Vũ điền không cảng,Haneda Kūkō)(IATA:HND,ICAO:RJTT), sometimes referred to asTokyo-Haneda,is the busier of the twointernational airportsserving theGreater Tokyo Area,the other one beingNarita International Airport(NRT). It serves as the primary domestic base of Japan's two largest airlines,Japan Airlines(Terminal 1) andAll Nippon Airways(Terminal 2), as well as RegionalPlus Wings Corp. (Air DoandSolaseed Air),Skymark Airlines,andStarFlyer.It is located inŌta, Tokyo,15 kilometers (9.3 mi) south ofTokyo Station.The facility covers 1,522hectares(3,761acres) of land.[2]

Haneda Airport

Vũ điền không cảng
Haneda Kūkō
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorMinistry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
ServesGreater Tokyo Area
LocationŌta,Tokyo,Japan
OpenedAugust 15, 1931;93 years ago(1931-08-15)
Hubfor
Operating base for
ElevationAMSL6 m / 21 ft
Coordinates35°33′12″N139°46′52″E/ 35.55333°N 139.78111°E/35.55333; 139.78111
Websitetokyo-haneda.com
Maps
HND/RJTT is located in Tokyo
HND/RJTT
HND/RJTT
Location in Japan
HND/RJTT is located in Japan
HND/RJTT
HND/RJTT
HND/RJTT (Japan)
HND/RJTT is located in Asia
HND/RJTT
HND/RJTT
HND/RJTT (Asia)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
16R/34L 3,000 9,843 Asphalt concrete
16L/34R 3,360 11,024 Asphalt concrete
04/22 2,500 8,202 Asphalt concrete
05/23 2,500 8,202 Asphalt concrete
Statistics (2023)
Number of passengers78,719,302
Sources:[1]

Haneda previously carried theIATA airport codeTYO,which is now used by airline reservation systems within theGreater Tokyo Area,and was the primary international airport servingTokyountil 1978; from 1978 to 2010, Haneda handled almost all domestic flights to and from Tokyo as well as "scheduled charter" flights to a small number of major cities inEastandSoutheast Asia,while Narita handled the vast majority of international flights from further locations. In 2010, a dedicated international terminal, currently Terminal 3, was opened at Haneda in conjunction with the completion of a fourth runway, allowing long-haul flights to operate during night-time.[3]Haneda opened up to long-haul service during the daytime in March 2014, with carriers offering nonstop service to 25 cities in 17 countries.[4]Since the resuming of international flights, airlines in Japan strategize Haneda as "Hub of Japan": providing connections between intercontinental flights with Japanese domestic flights, while envisioning Narita as the "Hub of Asia" between intercontinental destinations with Asian destinations.[5]

The Japanese government encourages the use of Haneda for premium business routes and the use of Narita for leisure routes and by low-cost carriers. However, the major full-service carriers may have a choice to fly to both airports.[6]Haneda handled 87,098,683 passengers in 2018; by passenger throughput, it was the third-busiest airport in Asia and thefourth-busiest in the world.It returned to the second-busiest airport in Asia afterDubai International Airportin 2023 in theAirports Council Internationalrankings.[7]It is able to handle 90 million passengers per year following its expansion in 2018. With Haneda and Narita combined, Tokyo has thethird-busiest city airport systemin the world, afterLondonandNew York.

In 2020, Haneda was named the second-best airport afterSingapore'sChangi Airport[8]and the World's BestDomestic Airport.[9]It maintained its second place inSkytrax’s world's top 100 airports for 2021 and 2022, in-betweenQatar'sHamad International Airportand Singapore's Changi Airport, and maintaining its best Domestic Airport title from the previous year.[10][9]

History

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Before the construction of Haneda, the area was a prosperous resort centered around Anamori Inari Shrine, and Tokyo's primary airport wasTachikawa Airfield.It was the main operating base ofJapan Air Transport,then the country'sflag carrier.But as it was a military base and 35 kilometres (22 mi) away from central Tokyo, aviators in Tokyo used various beaches ofTokyo Bayas airstrips, including beaches near the current site of Haneda (Haneda was a town located on Tokyo Bay, which merged into the Tokyo ward ofKamatain 1932).[11]In 1930, the Japanese postal ministry purchased a 53-hectare (130-acre) portion of reclaimed land from a private individual in order to construct an airport.[12]

Empire era (1931–1945)

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Apron and runway at Haneda Airfieldc. 1930

Haneda Airfield(Vũ điền phi hành tràng,Haneda Hikōjō)first opened in 1931 on a small piece of reclaimed land at the west end of today's airport complex. A 300-metre (980 ft) concrete runway, a small airport terminal and 2 hangars were constructed. The first flight from the airport on August 25, 1931, carried a load of insects toDairenin theKwantung Leased Territory(now part of China).[12]

During the 1930s, Haneda handled flights to destinations in Japan mainland,Taiwan,Korea(both under Japanese rule) andManchuria(ruled as the Japanese puppet state ofManchukuo).[13]The major Japanese newspapers also built their first flight departments at Haneda during this time, andManchukuo National Airwaysbegan service between Haneda andHsingking,the capital of Manchukuo. JAT was renamedImperial Japanese Airwaysfollowing its nationalization in 1938.[12]Passenger and freight traffic grew dramatically in these early years. In 1939, Haneda's first runway was extended to 800 metres (2,600 ft) in length and a second 800-metre (2,600 ft) runway was completed.[14]The airport's size grew to 72.8 hectares (180 acres) using land purchased by the postal ministry from a nearby exercise ground.[12]

DuringWorld War II,both IJA and Haneda Airport shifted to almost exclusively military transport services. Haneda Airport was also used by theImperial Japanese Navy Air Servicefor flight training during the war.[12]

In the late 1930s, the Tokyo government planned a new Tokyo Municipal Airport on an artificial island inKoto Ward.At 251 hectares (620 acres), the airport would have been five times the size of Haneda at the time, and significantly larger thanTempelhof AirportinBerlin,which was said to be the largest airport in the world at the time. The airport plan was finalized in 1938 and work on the island began in 1939 for completion in 1941, but the project fell behind schedule due to resource constraints during World War II. This plan was officially abandoned following the war, as the Allied occupation authorities favored expanding Haneda rather than building a new airport; the island was later expanded by dumping garbage into the bay, and is now known asYumenoshima.[15]

Occupation era (1945–1952)

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U.S. Air ForceC-97 Stratofreighterat Haneda Army Air Base in 1952

On September 12, 1945, GeneralDouglas MacArthur,Supreme Commander for the Allied Powersand head of theOccupation of Japanfollowing World War II, ordered that Haneda be handed over to the occupation forces. On the following day, he took delivery of the airport, which was renamedHaneda Army Air Base,and ordered the eviction of many nearby residents in order to make room for various construction projects, including extending one runway to 1,650 metres (5,413 ft) and the other to 2,100 metres (6,890 ft). On the 21st, Anamori Inari Shrine and over 3,000 residents received orders to leave their homes within 48 hours. Many resettled on the other side of a river in the Haneda district of Ota, surroundingAnamoriinari Station,and some still live in the area today.[16]The expansion work commenced in October 1945 and was completed in June 1946, at which point the airport covered 257.4 hectares (636 acres). Haneda AAF was designated as aport of entryto Japan.[12]

Haneda was mainly a military and civilian transportation base used by the U.S. Army and Air Force as a stop-over for C-54 transport planes departing San Francisco, en route to the Far East and returning flights. A number of C-54s, based at Haneda AFB, participated in theBerlin Blockadeairlift. These planes were specially outfitted for hauling coal to German civilians. Many of these planes were decommissioned after their participation due to coal dust contamination. Several US Army or Air Force generals regularly parked their personal planes at Haneda while visiting Tokyo, including GeneralEnnis Whitehead.During theKorean War,Haneda was the main regional base forUnited States Navyflight nurses, who evacuated patients from Korea to Haneda for treatment at military hospitals in Tokyo and Yokosuka.[17]US military personnel based at Haneda were generally housed at the Washington Heights residential complex in central Tokyo (nowYoyogi Park).

Haneda Air Force Base received its first international passenger flights in 1947 whenNorthwest Orient AirlinesbeganDC-4flights across the North Pacific to the United States, and within Asia to China, South Korea, and the Philippines.[18]Pan American World Airwaysmade Haneda a stop on its "round the world" route later in 1947, with westbound DC-4 service to Shanghai, Hong Kong, Kolkata, Karachi, Damascus, Istanbul, London and New York, and eastbound Constellation service to Wake Island, Honolulu and San Francisco.[19]

The U.S. military gave part of the base back to Japan in 1952; this portion became known as Tokyo International Airport. The US military maintained a base at Haneda until 1958 when the remainder of the property was returned to the Japanese government.[12]

First international era (1952–1978)

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Japan Airlinesflight attendantsin 1951

Japan'sflag carrierJapan Airlinesbegan its first domestic operations from Haneda in 1951. For a few postwar years, Tokyo International Airport did not have a passenger terminal building. The Japan Airport Terminal Co., Ltd.TYO:9706was founded in 1953 to develop the first passenger terminal, which opened in 1955. An extension for international flights opened in 1963.[20]European carriers began service to Haneda in the 1950s.Air Francearrived at Haneda for the first time in November 1952.[21]BOACde Havilland Cometflights to London via the southern route began in 1953, andSASDC-7flights toCopenhagenviaAnchoragebegan in 1957. JAL andAeroflotbegan cooperative service from Haneda to Moscow in 1967. Pan Am and Northwest Orient used Haneda as a hub. The August 1957 Official Airline Guide shows 86 domestic and 8 international departures each week on Japan Air Lines. Other international departures per week: seven Civil Air Transport, three Thai DC4s, 2 Hong Kong Airways Viscounts (and maybe three DC-6Bs), two Air India and one QANTAS. Northwest had 16 departures a week, Pan Am had 12 and Canadian Pacific had four; Air France three, KLM three, SAS five, Swissair two and BOAC three. As of 1966, the airport had three runways: 15L/33R (10,335 by 200 feet (3,150 m × 61 m)), 15R/33L (9,850 by 180 feet (3,002 m × 55 m)) and 4/22 (5,150 by 150 feet (1,570 m × 46 m)).[22]

TheTokyo Monorailopened between Haneda and central Tokyo in 1964, in time for theTokyo Olympics.During 1964, Japan lifted travel restrictions on its citizens, causing passenger traffic at the airport to swell.[20]The introduction of jet aircraft in the 1960s followed by theBoeing 747in 1970 also required various facility improvements at Haneda, including extending Runway 4/22 over the water and repurposing part of Runway 15R/33L as anairport apron.[12]A new international arrivals facility opened in June 1970.[23]

Around 1961, the government began considering further expansion of Haneda with a third runway and additional apron space, but forecast that the expansion would only meet capacity requirements for about ten years following completion. In 1966, the government decided to build a new airport for international flights. In 1978,Narita Airportopened, taking over almost all international service in the Greater Tokyo Area, and Haneda became a domestic airport.[12]

Domestic era (1978–2010)

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An aerial view of Haneda Airport in 1965 (left) and 1984 (right), showing reclamation work for runways 16R/34L and 16L/34R and Terminals 1 and 2

While most international flights moved from Haneda to Narita in 1978, airlines of theRepublic of China(Taiwan) remained at Haneda Airport for many years due to the ongoing political conflict between Taiwan and thePeople's Republic of China(mainland China) and danger of potential conflict when carriers of both nations cross paths at any Japanese airport.TaipeiandHonoluluflights from Haneda were served byChina Airlinesand were the airport's only international routes until the early 2000s.

The Transport Ministry released an expansion plan for Haneda in 1983 under which it would be expanded onto new landfill in Tokyo Bay with the aim of increasing capacity, reducing noise and making use of the large amount of garbage generated by Tokyo. In July 1988, a new 3,000-metre (9,800 ft) runway opened on the landfill. In September 1993, the old airport terminal was replaced by a new West Passenger Terminal, nicknamed "Big Bird", which was built farther out on the landfill. New runways 16L/34R (parallel) and 4/22 (cross) were completed in March 1997 and March 2000 respectively.[12]

A new international terminal opened next to the domestic terminal in March 1998. Taiwan's second major airline,EVA Air,joined CAL at Haneda in 1999. All Taiwan flights were moved to Narita in 2002, and Haneda-Honolulu services ceased. In 2003, JAL, ANA,Korean AirandAsianabegan service toGimpo AirportinSeoul,providing a "scheduled charter" city-to-city service.

In 2004, Terminal 2 opened at Haneda for ANA and Air Do; the 1993 terminal, now known as Terminal 1, became the base for JAL, Skymark and Skynet Asia Airways, and JAL expanded its footprint into the northern wing of the terminal.[24]

In October 2006, Japanese Prime MinisterShinzo Abeand Chinese PremierWen Jiabaoreached an informal agreement to launch bilateral talks regarding an additional city-to-city service between Haneda andShanghai Hongqiao International Airport.[25]On 25 June 2007, the two governments concluded an agreement allowing for the Haneda-Hongqiao service to commence from October 2007.[26]Since August 2015, Haneda also began flight services to Shanghai's other airport,Shanghai Pudong International Airport(where most flights operate fromNarita International Airport) which means there is no longer a city-to-city service between Tokyo and Hongqiao Airport as all flights from Haneda and Shanghai are focused at Pudong Airport.

In December 2007, Japan and the People's Republic of China reached a basic agreement on opening charter services between Haneda andBeijing Nanyuan Airport.However, because of difficulties in negotiating with the Chinese military operators of Nanyuan, the first charter flights in August 2008 (coinciding with the2008 Summer Olympics) usedBeijing Capital International Airportinstead, as did subsequent scheduled charters to Beijing.[27]

In June 2007, Haneda gained the right to host international flights that depart between 8:30 pm and 11:00 pm and arrive between 6 am and 8:30 am. The airport allows departures and arrivals between 11 pm and 6 am, as Narita Airport is closed during these hours.[28][29]

Macquarie Bankand Macquarie Airports owned a 19.9% stake in Japan Airport Terminal until 2009, when they sold their stake back to the company.[30]

Second international era (2010–present)

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Newair traffic controltower (right) and old tower (center)

A third terminal for international flights was completed in October 2010. The cost to construct the five-story terminal building and attached 2,300-car parking deck was covered by aprivate finance initiativeprocess, revenues from duty-free concessions and a facility use charge of ¥2,000 per passenger. Both the Tokyo Monorail and the Keikyū Airport Line added stops at the new terminal, and an international air cargo facility was constructed nearby.[31][32]The fourth runway (05/23), which is calledD Runway,[33]was also completed in 2010, having been constructed vialand reclamationto the south of the existing airfield. This runway was designed to increase Haneda's operational capacity from 285,000 movements to 407,000 movements per year, permitting increased frequencies on existing routes, as well as routes to new destinations.[31]In particular, Haneda would offer additional slots to handle 60,000 overseas flights a year (30,000 during the day and 30,000 during late night and early morning hours).[34][35]

In May 2008, the Japanese Ministry of Transport announced that international flights would be allowed between Haneda and any overseas destination, provided that such flights must operate between 11 pm and 7 am.[34]The Ministry of Transport originally planned to allocate a number of the newly availablelanding slotsto international flights of 1,947 kilometres (1,210 mi) or less (the distance toIshigaki,the longest domestic flight operating from Haneda).[31]

30,000 annual international slots became available upon the opening of the International Terminal, current Terminal 3, in October 2010, and were allocated to government authorities in several countries for further allocation to airlines. While service to Seoul, Taipei, Shanghai and other regional destinations continued to be allowed during the day, long-haul services were initially limited to overnight hours. Many long-haul services from Haneda struggled, such asBritish Airwaysservice to London (temporarily suspended and then restored on a less than daily basis before becoming a daily daytime service) andAir Canadaservice toVancouver(announced but never commenced until Air Canada began a code share on ANA's Haneda-Vancouver flight).Delta Air Linesreplaced its initial service toDetroitwith service toSeattlebefore cancelling the service entirely in favor of the daytime services toLos AngelesandMinneapolis(although both the Detroit and the Seattle services have since resumed as daytime services).[36]In October 2013,American Airlinesannounced the cancellation of its service between Haneda andNew York JFKstating that it was "quite unprofitable" owing to the schedule constraints at Haneda.[37]

Haneda Airport's new International Terminal has received numerous complaints from passengers using it during night hours. One of the complaints is the lack of amenities available in the building as most restaurants and shops are closed at night. Another complaint is that there is no affordable public transportation at night operating out of the terminals. TheKeikyu Airport Line,Tokyo Monorailand most bus operators stop running services out of Haneda by midnight, and so passengers landing at night are forced to go by car or taxi to their destination. A Haneda spokesperson said that they would work with transportation operators and the government to improve the situation.[38]

Daytime international slots were allocated in October 2013. In the allocation among Japanese carriers,All Nippon Airwaysargued that it should receive more international slots thanJapan Airlinesdue to JAL's recent government-supported bankruptcy restructuring, and ultimately won 11 daily slots to JAL's five.[36]Nine more daytime slot pairs were allocated for service to the United States in February 2016. They were intended to be allocated along with the other daytime slots, but allocation talks were stalled in 2014, leading the Japanese government to release these slots for charter services to other countries.[39]The new daytime slots led to increased flight capacity between Tokyo and many Asian markets, but did not have a major effect on capacity between Japan and Europe, as several carriers simply transferred flights from Narita to Haneda (most notably ANA and Lufthansa services to Germany, which almost entirely shifted to Haneda).[40]In an effort to combat this effect, theMinistry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportgave non-binding guidance to airlines that any new route at Haneda should not lead to the discontinuation of a route at Narita, although it was possible for airlines to meet this requirement through cooperation with a code sharing partner (for instance, ANA moved its London flight to Haneda while maintaining a code share on Virgin Atlantic's Narita-London flight).[41]

An expansion of the new international terminal was completed at the end of March 2014. The expansion includes a new 8-gate pier to the northwest of the existing terminal, an expansion of the adjacent apron with four new aircraft parking spots, a hotel inside the international terminal, and expanded check-in, customs/immigration/quarantine and baggage claim areas.[42]The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport constructed a new road tunnel between the Terminal 1/2 and Terminal 3 in order to shorten the connection time.[43]Construction began in 2015 and concluded in 2020.[44]

In addition to its international slot restrictions, Haneda remains subject to domestic slot restrictions; domestic slots are reallocated by MLIT every five years, and each slot is valued at 2–3 billion yen in annual income.[45]

Haneda Innovation City, a new business hub, was built on the site of the old terminal nearTenkūbashi Stationand opened on November 16, 2023.[46]

Facilities

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Airport layout

Haneda has four runways, arranged in two parallel pairs. The critical facilities of the airport such as runways, taxiways and aprons are managed byMinistry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.[47]TheSafety Promotion Centeris a museum and educational center operated by Japan Airlines to promote airline safety.

Due to the airport's position betweenYokota Air BaseandNAF Atsugito the west,Narita International Airportto the east, and densely populated areas of Tokyo and Kanagawa to the immediate north and west, most Haneda flights arrive and depart using circular routes overTokyo Bay.During north wind operations (60% of the time), aircraft arrive from the south on 34L and 34R and depart to the east from 34R and 05. During south wind operations (40% of the time), aircraft depart to the south from 16L and 16R, as well as 22 between 15:00 and 18:00, and arrive either on a high-angle approach from the north on 16L and 16R over west-central Tokyo (15:00 to 18:00 only) or from the east on 22 and 23 over Tokyo Bay (all other times).[48]

Haneda Airport has three passenger terminals with 71 gates with jet bridges. Terminals 1 and 2 are connected by an underground walkway. A free inter-terminal shuttle bus connects all terminals on the landside. Terminal 1 and the domestic flight areas of Terminal 2 are only open from 5:00 am to 12:00 am. Terminal 3 and the international flight area of Terminal 2 are open 24 hours a day.

Terminal 1

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Terminal 1, nicknamed the "Big Bird", opened in 1993 replacing the smaller 1970 terminal complex, which was located where the current Terminal 3 stands. It is exclusively used for domestic flights within Japan and is served byJapan Airlines,Skymark Airlines,andStarFlyer's routes. The terminal has 23 gates with jet bridges, and is managed by Japan Airport Terminal Co., Ltd.(Nhật bổn không cảng ビルディング chu thức hội xã,Nippon Kūkō Birudingu Kabushikigaisha).

The linear building features a six-story restaurant, shopping area and conference rooms in its center section and a large rooftop observation deck with open-air rooftop café. The terminal has gates 1 through 24 assigned for jet bridges and gates 31–40 and 84–90 assigned for ground boarding by bus.

  • Terminal 1
  • Departure lounge (south)
  • Market place
  • Concourse
  • MultipleJapan Airlinesaircraft parked at Terminal 1

Terminal 2

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Terminal 2 opened on December 1, 2004.[49]The construction of Terminal 2 was financed by levying a ¥170 (from 1 April 2011) passenger service facility charge on tickets, the first domestic Passenger Service Facilities Charge (PSFC) in Japan. The terminal is managed by Japan Airport Terminal Co., Ltd.(Nhật bổn không cảng ビルディング chu thức hội xã,Nippon Kūkō Birudingu Kabushikigaisha).

Terminal 2 is served byAll Nippon Airways,Air Do,andSolaseed Airfor their domestic flights. On March 29, 2020, some international flights operated by All Nippon Airways were relocated to Terminal 2 after the addition of international departure halls and CIQ facilities (Customs,Immigration,Quarantine) in preparation for2020 Summer Olympicsin Tokyo. However, the international departures and check-in hall was closed indefinitely on April 11, 2020, less than two weeks after its opening, due to theCOVID-19 pandemic.[50]International flights at Terminal 2 resumed from 19 July 2023 with the easing of COVID-19 restrictions and border controls.[51]

The terminal has 27 gates with jet bridges, and features an open-air rooftop restaurant, a six-story shopping area with restaurants[52]and the 387-room Haneda Excel Hotel Tokyu. The terminal has gates 51 through 73 assigned with jet bridges (gates 51 to 65 for domestic flights, gates 66 to 70 for domestic or international flights, gates 71 to 73 for international flights),[53]gates 46–48 in satellite, and gates 500 through 511 (for domestic flights) and gates 700 through 702 (for international flights) assigned for ground boarding by bus.

  • Terminal 2
  • Departure floor
  • International flights area at the southern end
  • Market place
  • Observation deck

Terminal 3

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Terminal 3, formerly known as the International Terminal, opened on October 21, 2010 (occupying the site of the former 1970 terminal complex), replacing the much smaller 1998 International Terminal adjacent to Terminal 2. The terminal serves most of the airport's international flights, with the exception of some All Nippon Airways flights departing from Terminal 2. The first two long-haul flights were scheduled to depart after midnight on October 31, 2010, from the new terminal, but both flights departed ahead of schedule before midnight on October 30.[54]Terminal 3 is managed by Tokyo International Air Terminal Corporation(Đông kinh quốc tế không cảng ターミナル chu thức hội xã,Tōkyō Kokusai Kūkō Tāminaru Kabushikigaisha).

Terminal 3 has 20 gates with jet bridges, and has airline lounges operated byoneworldmembersJapan Airlines&Cathay Pacific,Star AlliancememberAll Nippon Airways,[55]andSkyTeammemberDelta Air Lines.[56]The terminal has gates 105–114 and 140–149 assigned with jet bridges and gates 131 through 139 assigned for ground boarding by bus.[citation needed]Of these, gate 107 has triple jet bridges, enabling Haneda to technically handle theAirbus A380.[citation needed]Even so, there are no A380 services regularly scheduled at Haneda due towake turbulenceconcerns during busy hours.[citation needed]

The International Terminal was renamed to Terminal 3 on March 14, 2020, as Terminal 2 began handling some international flights operated by All Nippon Airways from March 29, 2020.[57]

  • Terminal 3
  • Departure level
  • Check-in area
  • Gate area
  • Edo-Koji, shopping area

Airlines and destinations

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The following airlines operate scheduled passenger flights at Haneda Airport:

AirlinesDestinations
AirAsia XKuala Lumpur–International
Air CanadaToronto–Pearson
Air ChinaBeijing–Capital[58]
Air DoAsahikawa,Hakodate,Kushiro,Memanbetsu,Obihiro,Sapporo–Chitose
Air FranceParis–Charles de Gaulle[59]
All Nippon AirwaysAkita,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,Beijing–Capital,Chicago–O'Hare,Delhi,[60]Frankfurt,Fukuoka,Guangzhou,Hachijojima,Hakodate,Hiroshima,Ho Chi Minh City,[60]Hong Kong,Honolulu,Houston–Intercontinental,[61]Ishigaki,Istanbul,[62]Iwakuni,Iwami,Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta,Kagoshima,Kobe,Kōchi,Komatsu,Kuala Lumpur–International,Kumamoto,London–Heathrow,Los Angeles,Manila,Matsuyama,Milan–Malpensa,[63]Miyako,Miyazaki,Monbetsu,Munich,[64][65]Nagasaki,Naha,Nakashibetsu,New York–JFK,Odate–Noshiro,Ōita,Okayama,Osaka–Itami,Osaka–Kansai,Paris–Charles de Gaulle,Qingdao,[60]Saga,San Francisco,[66]Sapporo–Chitose,Seattle/Tacoma,[60]Seoul–Gimpo,Shanghai–Hongqiao,Shanghai–Pudong,Shenzhen,[67]Shonai,Singapore,Stockholm–Arlanda,[63]Sydney,Taipei–Songshan,Takamatsu,Tokushima,Tottori,Toyama,Ube,Vancouver,Vienna,[68]Wajima,Wakkanai,Washington–Dulles,[61]Yonago
American AirlinesDallas/Fort Worth,Los Angeles,New York–JFK[69]
ANA WingsNagoya–Centrair
Asiana AirlinesSeoul–Gimpo,[70]Seoul–Incheon[71]
British AirwaysLondon–Heathrow[72]
Cathay PacificHong Kong
China AirlinesTaipei–Songshan
China Eastern AirlinesBeijing–Daxing,[73]Shanghai–Hongqiao,[58]Shanghai–Pudong[74]
China Southern AirlinesBeijing–Daxing,[75]Guangzhou[76]
Delta Air LinesAtlanta,[77]Detroit,Honolulu,[78]Los Angeles,[79]Minneapolis/St. Paul,[80]Seattle/Tacoma[81]
EmiratesDubai–International[82]
EVA AirTaipei–Songshan
FinnairHelsinki[83]
Garuda IndonesiaJakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
Hainan AirlinesBeijing–Capital[84]
Hawaiian AirlinesHonolulu[85]
HK ExpressHong Kong[86]
ITA AirwaysRome–Fiumicino[87]
Japan AirlinesAkita,Amami Ōshima,Aomori,Asahikawa,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,Beijing–Capital,Chicago–O'Hare,[88]Dalian,[89]Dallas/Fort Worth,[88]Delhi,[90]Doha,[91]Fukuoka,Guangzhou,Hakodate,Helsinki,[92]Hiroshima,Ho Chi Minh City,Hong Kong,Honolulu,[88]Ishigaki,Izumo,Kagoshima,Kitakyūshū,Kōchi,Komatsu,Kumamoto,Kushiro,London–Heathrow,Los Angeles,[88]Manila,Matsuyama,Memanbetsu,Misawa,Miyako,Miyazaki,Nagasaki,Nagoya–Centrair,Naha,New York–JFK,Obihiro,Ōita,Okayama,Osaka–Itami,Osaka–Kansai,Paris–Charles de Gaulle,San Francisco,Sapporo–Chitose,Seoul–Gimpo,Shanghai–Hongqiao,Shanghai–Pudong,Shirahama,Singapore,Sydney,[92]Taipei–Songshan,Takamatsu,Tokushima,Ube,Yamagata
Juneyao AirShanghai–Pudong
Korean AirSeoul–Gimpo,[93]Seoul–Incheon[71]
LufthansaFrankfurt,Munich
Malaysia AirlinesKota Kinabalu[94]
PeachSeoul–Incheon,Shanghai–Pudong,[95]Taipei–Taoyuan
Philippine AirlinesManila
QantasSydney[96]
Scandinavian AirlinesCopenhagen[97]
Shanghai AirlinesShanghai–Hongqiao,[98]Shanghai–Pudong
Singapore AirlinesSingapore
Skymark AirlinesFukuoka,Kagoshima,Kobe,Naha,Sapporo–Chitose,Shimojishima[99]
Solaseed AirKagoshima,Kumamoto,Miyazaki,Nagasaki,Naha,Ōita
Spring AirlinesShanghai–Pudong[100]
StarFlyerFukuoka,Kitakyūshū,Osaka–Kansai,Ube
Thai Airways InternationalBangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Tianjin AirlinesTianjin[58]
Tigerair TaiwanTaipei–Taoyuan
Turkish AirlinesIstanbul[101]
United AirlinesChicago–O'Hare,Guam,[102]Los Angeles,Newark,San Francisco,Washington–Dulles
VietJet AirDa Nang,Ho Chi Minh City[103]
Vietnam AirlinesHanoi

Statistics

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Source: JapaneseMinistry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism[104][105][106][107]

Busiest domestic routes (2024)

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Rank Airport Passengers
1. Sapporo–Chitose 9,007,372
2. Fukuoka 8,647,386
3. Naha 5,919,365
4. Osaka–Itami 5,496,982
5. Kagoshima 2,506,276
6. Kumamoto 1,971,891
7. Hiroshima 1,878,286
8. Nagasaki 1,764,870
9. Matsuyama 1,563,870
10. Miyazaki 1,423,200
11. Osaka–Kansai 1,258,675
12. Takamatsu 1,252,568

Number of landings

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50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
  • Domestic
  • International

Number of passengers

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10,000,000
20,000,000
30,000,000
40,000,000
50,000,000
60,000,000
70,000,000
80,000,000
90,000,000
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
  • Domestic
  • International

Cargo volume in tonnes

edit
250,000
500,000
750,000
1,000,000
1,250,000
1,500,000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
  • Domestic
  • International

On-time performance

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In 2022, Haneda Airport was the most on-time international airport with the fewest delays worldwide. Flights departing Haneda had a 90.3% on-time departure rate across 373,264 total flights according toaviation analytics firm Cirium.[108]

Ground transport

edit
Tokyo monorail Terminal 3 Station
Keikyu Airport Line station

Haneda Airport is served by theKeikyu Airport LineandTokyo Monorail.In addition,East Japan Railway Company'sHaneda Airport Access Lineis under construction and will connect Terminals 1 and 2 to central Tokyo by 2031.[109]

The airport is bisected by theShuto ExpresswayBayshore RouteandJapan National Route 357,whileShuto Expressway Route 1and Tokyo Metropolitan Route 311 (Kampachi-dori Ave) run along the western perimeter. Tamagawa Sky Bridge connects the airport withJapan National Route 409andShuto Expressway Route K6to the southwest acrossTama River.The airport has fiveparkades.

Scheduled bus service to various points in the Kanto region is provided byAirport Transport Service(Airport Limousine) andKeihin KyukoBus.Tokyo City Air Terminal,Shinjuku Expressway Bus TerminalandYokohama City Air Terminalare major limousine bus terminals.Emiratesoperates bus services toShinagawa StationandTokyo Station.[110]

Keiseiruns direct suburban trains (called "Access Express" ) between Haneda and Narita in 93 minutes.[111]There are also direct buses between the airports operated by Airport Limousine Bus. The journey takes 65–85 minutes or longer depending on traffic.[112]

Accidents and incidents

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  • 24 August 1938: two civilian aircraft originating from Haneda, one operated byJapan Air Transportand another by Japan Flight School,collided into each other mid-air.All 5 crews of both aircraft died as well as 80 people on the ground in theŌmoriarea of Tokyo.
  • In the span of a month in 1966, three accidents occurred at, or on flights inbound to or outbound from, Haneda.
    • 4 February 1966:All Nippon Airways Flight 60,aBoeing 727-81, crashed into Tokyo Bay about 10.4 kilometres (6.5 mi) from Haneda in clear weather conditions while on an evening approach. All 133 passengers and crew were killed. The accident held the death toll record for a single-plane accident until 1969.
    • 4 March 1966:Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 402,aDouglas DC-8-43 registered CF-CPK, descended below the glide path and struck the approach lights and a seawall during a night landing attempt in poor visibility. The flight had departed Hong Kong Kai Tak Airport and had almost diverted to Taipei due to the poor weather at Haneda. Of the 62 passengers and 10 crew, only 8 passengers survived.
    • On 5 March 1966, less than 24 hours after the Canadian Pacific crash,BOAC Flight 911,a Boeing 707–436 registered G-APFE, broke up in flight en route from Haneda Airport to Hong KongKai Tak Airport,on a segment of an around-the-world flight. The bad weather that had caused the Canadian Pacific crash the day before also caused exceptionally strong winds aroundMt. Fuji,and the BOAC jet encountered severe turbulence that caused the aircraft to break up in mid-air near the city ofGotemba,Shizuoka Prefectureat an altitude of 16,000 feet (4,900 m), killing all 113 passengers and 11 crew. The debris field was over 16 kilometres (10 mi) long. Although there was not a cockpit voice recorder on this aircraft or any distress calls made by the crew, the investigators did find an 8mm film shot by one of the passengers that, when developed, confirmed the accident was consistent with an in-flight breakup and loss of control due to severe turbulence. There is a famous photo of the BOAC plane taxiing past the still smouldering wreckage of the Canadian Pacific DC-8 as it taxied out to the runway for its last ever takeoff.
  • 26 August 1966: AJapan Air LinesConvair 880,leased fromJapan Domestic Airlineson a training flight, crashed after takeoff when after the nose lifted off, the aircraft yawed to the left. At 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) after the plane went off the runway and all the engines separated as well as the nose and left main gear. The aircraft caught fire. All five occupants died. Cause of left yaw unknown.[113]
  • 17 March 1977:All Nippon Airways Flight 817[ja],a Boeing 727–81 flight departing from Haneda toSendai,was hijacked by ayakuzashortly after takeoff. The aircraft quickly returned to the airport due to the hijacker firing his pistol. The hijacker locked himself inside the aircraft toilet before killing himself.
  • 9 February 1982:Japan Air Lines Flight 350,a McDonnell Douglas DC-8-61, crashed on approach in shallow water 300 metres (980 ft; 330 yd) short of the runway when the captain, experiencing some form of a mental aberration, deliberately engaged the thrust-reversers for two of the four engines. Twenty-four passengers were killed.
  • 12 August 1985:Japan Air Lines Flight 123,a Boeing 747-100SR, lost its rear pressure bulkhead and vertical stabilizer 12 minutes after takeoff due to improperly repaired tailstrike damaged that had occurred 7 years earlier. The plane flew for 32 minutes until it crashed into Mount Takamagahara. 520 of the 524 passengers and crew on board were killed making the crash the worst single-aircraft accident of all time.
  • 23 July 1999:All Nippon Airways Flight 61was hijacked shortly after takeoff. The hijacker killed the captain before he was subdued; the aircraft landed safely.
  • 27 May 2016:Korean Air Flight 2708,aBoeing 777-3B5bound forGimpo Airport,suffered an engine fire as it was taking off from Runway 34R. Thetakeoff was abortedand all passengers and crew aboard were swiftly evacuated. Investigations later determined the cause of the engine fire as anuncontained engine failurecaused by maintenance crew oversight.
  • 10 June 2023,Thai AirwaysInternational Flight 683, anAirbus A330-300,[114]which was to depart from Haneda Airport forBangkok–Suvarnabhumicollided withEVA AirFlight 189, anAirbus A330-300headed forTaipei–Songshan.[115]No injuries were reported. However, both aircraft sustained minor damage as a result of the collision. The collision forced one of the four runways of Haneda to close for approximately two hours.[116]
  • 2 January 2024: Aground collisionoccurred between anAirbus A350-941fromSapporo–Chitoseand aJapan Coast GuardDe Havilland Canada DHC-8-315.All 379 occupants aboard the Japan Airlines flight were evacuated, while five of the six occupants aboard the Coast Guard aircraft were killed. Both aircraft were written off.[117]

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edit
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