Wikipedia

Hepatology

This article is about the branch of internal medicine. For the compound literary or narrative work, seeheptalogy.For the study of amphibians, seeherpetology.For the study of liverworts, seehepaticology.For the journal, seeHepatology (journal).

Hepatologyis the branch ofmedicinethat incorporates the study ofliver,gallbladder,biliary tree,andpancreasas well as management of their disorders. Although traditionally considered a sub-specialty ofgastroenterology,rapid expansion has led in some countries to doctors specializing solely on this area, who are calledhepatologists.

Hepatologist
Occupation
NamesDoctor, Medical Specialist
Occupation type
Specialty
Activity sectors
Medicine
Description
Education required

OR

OR

OR

AND

AND

AND

Fields of
employment
Hospitals,clinics
Fluoroscopic image ofcommon bile duct

Diseases and complications related toviral hepatitisand alcohol are the main reason for seeking specialist advice. More than two billion people have been infected withhepatitis Bvirus at some point in their life, and approximately 350 million have become persistent carriers.[1]Up to 80% ofliver cancerscan be attributed to either hepatitis B orhepatitis Cvirus. In terms ofmortality,the former is second only to smoking among known agents causingcancer.With more widespread implementation ofvaccinationand strictscreeningbeforeblood transfusion,lowerinfectionrates are expected in the future.[citation needed]In many countries, however, overall alcohol consumption is increasing, and consequently the number of people withcirrhosisand other related complications is commensurately increasing.[citation needed]

Schematic diagram of hepato-biliary system

Scope of specialty

edit

As for many medical specialties, patients are most likely to be referred by family physicians (i.e., GP) or by physicians from different disciplines. The reasons might be:

History

edit
Dr. B Blumberg, awarded Nobel prize 1976 for discovery of hepatitis B virus

Evidence from autopsies on Egyptianmummiessuggests that liver damage from theparasiticinfectionbilharziasiswas widespread in the ancient society.[2] It is possible that theGreeksmay have been aware of the liver's ability to exponentially duplicate as illustrated by the story ofPrometheus.However, knowledge about liver disease inantiquityis questionable. Most of the important advances in the field have been made in the last 50 years.[when?]

The wordhepatologyis fromAncient Greekἧπαρ (hepar) or ἡπατο- (hepato-), meaning "liver", and -λογία (-logia), meaning "study".

Disease classification

edit

1.International Classification of Disease(ICD 2007) – WHO classification:

  • Chapter XI: Diseases of the digestive system[13]
    • K70-K77 Diseases of liver
    • K80-K87 Disorders of gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas

2.MeSH (medical subject heading):sam

  • G02.403.776.409.405same as "Gastroenterology"[14]
  • C06.552 Liver Diseases[15]
  • C06.130 Biliary Tract Diseases[16]
  • C06.689 Pancreatic diseases[17]

3.National Library of Medicine Catalogue[18]

  • WI 700-740 Liver and biliary tree Diseases[19]
  • WI 800-830 Pancrease[20]

Also seeHepato-biliary diseases

Important procedures

edit

References

edit
  1. ^"WHO | Hepatitis B".Retrieved2010-03-17.
  2. ^Rosalie David A, Contis G (1996). "Paleopathology on schistosomiasis in Egyptian mummies".Parasitol. Today (Regul. Ed.).12(4): 167.doi:10.1016/0169-4758(96)80811-8.PMID15275234.
  3. ^"Aphorisms.mb.txt".Archived fromthe originalon 11 February 2005.Retrieved30 November2021.
  4. ^"History of Liver, Gallbladder, and Spleen".Retrieved18 May2007.
  5. ^abH. S.J. Lee, ed. (1999).Dates in Gastroenterology: A Chronological Record of Progress in Gastroenterology over the Last Millennium (Landmarks in Medicine).Informa Healthcare.ISBN1-85070-502-X.
  6. ^Moodley J; Singh B; Lalloo S; Pershad S; et al. (2001)."Non-operative management of haemobilia".The British Journal of Surgery.88(8): 1073–76.doi:10.1046/j.0007-1323.2001.01825.x.PMID11488792.S2CID8124234.
  7. ^"Victor Charles Hanot".Whonamedit.com.Retrieved18 May2007.
  8. ^"eMedicine - History of Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Article by Beth A Carter, MD".Emedicine.com.Retrieved18 May2007.
  9. ^"History of Liver Transplantation".Archived fromthe originalon August 30, 2009.Retrieved8 September2009.
  10. ^STARZL TE; MARCHIORO TL; VONKAULLA KN; HERMANN G; et al. (1963)."Homotransplantation Of The Liver In Humans".Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics.117:659–76.PMC2634660.PMID14100514.
  11. ^"Baruch S. Blumberg - Autobiography".Nobelprize.org.Retrieved18 May2007.
  12. ^ab"Brief_History_HCV_10.pdf"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2014-09-25.Retrieved2013-06-18.
  13. ^"Archived copy".Archived fromthe originalon 2009-04-22.Retrieved2020-10-05.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. ^"G02.403.776.409.405same as "Gastroenterology"".Nlm.nih.gov.Retrieved30 November2021.
  15. ^"Liver Diseases".Nih.gov.Retrieved24 December2016.
  16. ^"Biliary Tract Diseases".Nih.gov.Retrieved24 December2016.
  17. ^"Pancreatic Diseases".Nih.gov.Retrieved24 December2016.
  18. ^"NLM Classification Home Page".Nih.gov.Retrieved24 December2016.[permanent dead link‍]
  19. ^"NLM Classification Schedule WI".wwwcf.nlm.nih.gov.Archived fromthe originalon 19 October 2004.Retrieved17 January2022.
  20. ^"NLM Classification Schedule WI".wwwcf.nlm.nih.gov.Archived fromthe originalon 19 October 2004.Retrieved17 January2022.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hepatology&oldid=1237768523"