Horodenka(Ukrainian:Городенка,Polish:Horodenka,occasionallyHorodence,Yiddish:האָראָדענקעHorodenke) is acitylocated inKolomyia Raion,Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast,inWestern Ukraine.It hosts the administration ofHorodenka urban hromada,one of thehromadasof Ukraine.[1]Population:8,812 (2022 estimate).[2]In 2001 the population was around 9,800.
Horodenka
Городенка | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Seal | |
  Horodenka Location of Horodenka within Ukraine  Horodenka Horodenka (Ukraine) | |
| Coordinates:48°40′3″N25°30′1″E/ 48.66750°N 25.50028°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast |
| Raion | Kolomyia Raion |
| Hromada | Horodenka urban hromada |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 8,812 |
History
edit
The first mention of Horodenka was in 1195, when it was described as a village in theKingdom of Galicia–Volhyniainhabited by farmers and craftsmen.[3]It was later part of thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealthuntil 1772.[4]
The 17th century saw a significant influx ofArmenian immigrantsto Horodenka. In 1706, a largeArmenian Catholicchurch was erected in the town.[5]In 1668 it became one of the Polish towns to be chartered underMagdeburg rights,through the use of a privilege known as "settlement with German law”.[6]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 9,907 | — |
| 1931 | 12,303 | +24.2% |
| 2022 | 8,812 | −28.4% |
| Source:[7] | ||
From theFirst Partition of Polandin 1772 until 1918, the town was part of theAustrian monarchy(Austria side after thecompromise of 1867), head of the district with the same name, one of the 78BezirkshauptmannschafteninAustrian Galiciaprovince (Crown land) in 1900.[8]The fate of this province was then disputed between Poland and Ukraine, until thePeace of Rigain 1921.
In the period of theSecond Polish Republic,it was a county capital within theStanisławów Voivodeship.[9]
Following the joint German-Sovietinvasion of Poland,which startedWorld War IIin September 1939, the village wasoccupied by the Soviet Unionuntil 1941, then by Nazi Germany until 1944, and re-occupied by the Soviet Union, which annexed it from Poland in 1945. The Jewish population of Horodenka, comprising about half of the town's population, were shot and killed in a mass grave by the Nazis.[10]About a dozen Jews survived and formed a partisan combat unit which fought against the Nazis and hid in the forests.[11]There is a synagogue in Salford, England named in honour of this community.
Until 18 July 2020, Horodenka was the administrative center ofHorodenka Raion.The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Horodenka Raion was merged into Kolomyia Raion.[12][13]
Notable people
edit- Ben Bonus,Yiddish theateractor and singer
- Nicholas Charnetsky(1884–1959),Ukrainian Catholicbishop andmartyr.
- Kasper Cieglewicz,Polish poet and independence activist, one of theRuthenian sobororganizers.
- Yuliya Dumanska,handball goalkeeper who plays for theRomanian national teamsince 2016.[14]
- Jakob Edelstein,Elder of the Jews inTheresienstadt.
- Alfred Fiderkiewicz,political activist, mayor ofKraków,deputy to theSejmin the interwar period.
- Salo Flohr,chess grandmaster.
- Alexander Granach(Jessaja Szajko Gronish), leading stage and film actor in Weimar Germany, died at 52 while establishing himself in Hollywood and on Broadway. Author of autobiography, There Goes an Actor [new edition: From the Shtetl to the Stage: the Odyssey of a Wandering Actor].
- Seweryn Hammer,Polish scholar, professor of several universities.
- Elias Jubal(born as Benno Neumann 12.1.1901), theatre director and founder of the Kellertheater "Theater für 49" in Vienna.
- Dr.Wladimir Sylvester Kindraczuk(1882–1969), discoverer ofBacillus carpathicusin huslanka.
- Marie Ljalková,sniper in the Soviet army.
- RabbiNachman of Horodenka,a disciple of theBaal Shem Tov.
- Jan Stebnowski,Polish painter and publicist.
- Aleksander Topolski,soldier, architect, and writer, author of "Without Vodka".
- Dmytro Zipchen,Canadian politician.
- Ignaz Zloczower,Résistance Fighter (1876–1942)
References
edit- ^"Городенковская городская громада"(in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
- ^Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022[Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022](PDF)(in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv:State Statistics Service of Ukraine.Archived(PDF)from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^"Local history | Virtual Shtetl".sztetl.org.pl.Retrieved2018-12-06.
- ^"Horodenka | יהדות גליציה ובוקובינה".jgaliciabukovina.net.Retrieved2018-12-06.
- ^"Armenian church in Horodenka - Horodenka - UA-travel.info".ua-travel.info.Retrieved2018-12-06.
- ^Munzinger, Mark R. (2011)."The Text and Textualization of Codex BJ 168: Legal Culture in Transition at the High Court of Magdeburg Law at the Castle of Kraków".Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa.4:21–41.ISBN9788323333883.
- ^Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego(in Polish). Vol. X. Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1932. p. 140.
- ^Die postalischen Abstempelungen auf den österreichischen Postwertzeichen-Ausgaben 1867, 1883 und 1890, Wilhelm KLEIN, 1967
- ^"Stanisławowskie".kresy.info.pl.Retrieved2018-12-06.
- ^Pohl, Dieter (1998)."Hans Krueger and the Murder of the Jews in the Stanislawow Region (Galicia)"(PDF).Yad Vashem Studies.26:239–264.
- ^"Gorodenka, Ukraine (English pages V - VII)".www.jewishgen.org.Retrieved2018-12-06.
- ^"Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ".Голос України(in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18.Retrieved2020-10-03.
- ^"Нові райони: карти + склад"(in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
- ^"Ce debut! În premieră la un European, Iulia Dumanska a contribuit din plin la victoria României cu Germania".GSP(in Romanian).Retrieved2018-12-06.
Further reading
edit- Weiner, Miriam; Ukrainian State Archives (in cooperation with); Moldovan State Archives (in cooperation with) (1999)."Town Clips: Gorodenka."Jewish Roots in Ukraine and Moldova: Pages from the Past and Archival Inventories.Secaucus, NJ: Miriam Weiner Routes to Roots Foundation. p. 411. ISBY 978-0-96-565081-6. OCLC 607423469.
External links
edit
- Horodenkain theEncyclopedia of Ukraine
- Horodenkain theJewishGen ShtetLinks project
- The Book of Horodenka
- Photographs of Jewish sites in Horodenkain theJewish History in Galicia and Bukovina
- The Jewish Community of Gorodenka,The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot
- Tour in Horodenka
- Horodenka, UkraineatJewishGen
- Gorodenka(pp. 411) atMiriam Weiner'sRoutes to Roots Foundation.