Idaho panhandle

TheIdaho panhandle—locally known asNorth Idaho,Northern Idaho,or simplythe Panhandle—is asalientregion of theU.S. stateofIdahoencompassing the state's 10 northernmostcounties:Benewah,Bonner,Boundary,Clearwater,Idaho,Kootenai,Latah,Lewis,Nez Perce,andShoshone(though the southern part of the region is sometimes referred to asNorth Central Idaho). The panhandle is bordered by the state ofWashingtonto the west,Montanato the east, and the Canadian province ofBritish Columbiato the north. The Idaho panhandle, along withEastern Washington,makes up the region known as theInland Northwest,headed by its largest city,Spokane, Washington.

Idaho panhandle
Red: The ten counties of the Idaho panhandle
Country	United States
State	Idaho
Largest city	Coeur d'Alene
Area
• Total	21,012.64 sq mi (54,422.5 km2)
Population (2020)	390,640

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1900	58,486		—
1910	106,360		81.9%
1920	112,504		5.8%
1930	119,940		6.6%
1940	135,776		13.2%
1950	142,059		4.6%
1960	152,613		7.4%
1970	154,843		1.5%
1980	209,986		35.6%
1990	216,792		3.2%
2000	278,866		28.6%
2010	317,751		13.9%
2020	363,642		14.4%
2023 (est.)	390,640		7.4%
sources:

Coeur d'Aleneis the largest city within the Idaho panhandle. Spokane is around 30 miles (50 km) west of Coeur d'Alene, and itsSpokane International Airportis the region's main air hub. Other important cities in the region includeLewiston,Moscow,Post Falls,Hayden,Sandpoint,and the smaller towns ofSt. MariesandBonners Ferry.East of Coeur d'Alene is theSilver Valley,which followsInterstate 90to the Montana border atLookout Pass.

The region has a land area of 21,012.64 square miles (54,422 km²), around 25.4% of the state's total land area; there is also 323.95 square miles (839 km²) of water area. As of the2020 Census,the population of the Idaho panhandle was 363,642, around 19.8% of the state's total population of 1,839,106.

The town of Bonners Ferry has twoCanada–US border crossings:Porthill-Rykerts Border Crossingconnects withCreston, British Columbia;Eastport–Kingsgate Border Crossingconnects withYahk, British Columbia.

History

The eastern border of Idaho follows theBitterroot Range,producing the narrow northern border.

Politics

No resident of North Idaho has been electedgovernorsince the re-election ofCecil Andrus(D)in1974.AnOregonnative raised inEugene,Andrus had lived atOrofinoand was a resident of Lewiston when first elected in1970.(Boisewas his residence during his later campaigns of1986and1990). The most recent member of theU.S. Congressfrom the panhandle isCompton I. White Jr.(D)ofClark Fork,last elected 60 years ago in1964.

North Idaho leansRepublican,as does thestate as a whole.Latah County,home of theUniversity of IdahoinMoscow,is the only one of the region's 10 counties that does not. While Bonner County is also strongly Republican, the tourist town ofSandpointlocated in the county is somewhat more centrist.

Recent presidential election results

Year	Republican	Democratic	Third parties
2020	68.0%130,215	29.3%56,221	2.7%5,128
2016	64.0%96,440	26.7%40,261	9.3%14,018
2012	61.6%86,372	34.2%47,910	4.2%5,871
2008	59.0%86,309	37.8%55,301	3.2%4,621
2004	63.3%85,537	34.9%47,132	1.8%2,461
2000	64.1%74,113	30.1%34,777	5.9%6,783
1996	43.7%49,515	38.9%43,976	17.4%19,721
1992	33.2%36,383	36.9%40,478	29.9%32,861
1988	50.9%45,778	47.4%42,573	1.7%1,516

The panhandle has traditionally been one of the strongest areas for Democrats in statewide elections, largely because of its unionized miners and a smallerMormonpopulation than Southern Idaho. However, it largely changed in the 1980s with the drop in silver prices, slump of metal markets, mine closures and passage of aright-to-work law.Additionally, the influx of conservatives from Southern California beginning in the 1970s, many of whom were retiredLAPDofficers who chose to move to Coeur d'Alene, also shifted the politics of the region. This intensified during the 2010s, with Democrats nationwide being perceived as too liberal.

In the1990 gubernatorial election,all counties were won by the incumbent Andrus, a popular moderate who easily won a fourth term. The Democratic nominee for Governor outperformed their statewide result in Northern Idaho in all elections from1982through2006;Keith Allred received 30.9% in Northern Idaho vs. 32.9% statewide in2010,A.J. Balukoff received 36.5% in Northern Idaho vs. 38.6% statewide in2014,andPaulette Jordanreceived 34.6% in Northern Idaho vs. 38.2% statewide in2018.

Recent gubernatorial election results

Year	Republican	Democratic	Third parties
2018	63.6%82,474	34.6%44,914	1.8%2,272
2014	54.1%49,700	36.5%33,517	9.4%8,589
2010	62.1%63,563	30.9%31,600	7.0%7,127
2006	50.1%48,204	46.8%45,065	3.1%2,945
2002	53.8%47,722	44.1%39,120	2.2%1,909
1998	64.0%54,829	32.7%28,064	3.3%2,830
1994	48.0%43,397	46.6%42,189	5.4%4,872
1990	29.7%20,616	70.3%48,880	0.0%0
1986	36.1%29,365	62.4%50,764	1.6%1,287
1982	42.4%30,423	57.6%41,412	0.0%0

Attractions

• Bird Aviation Museum and Invention Center
• Clearwater River
• Idaho Panhandle National Forest
• Kootenai River
• Lake Coeur d'Alene
• Lake Pend Oreille
• Lookout Pass Ski and Recreation Area
• North Idaho College
• Priest Lake
• Schweitzer Mountain
• Snake River
• Silver Mountain
• Silverwood Theme Park
• University of Idaho

Geography and climate

The Idaho panhandle observesPacific Timenorth of the western-flowingSalmon Riverin the southern part ofIdaho County.The rest of the state to the south observesMountain Time,which begins atRiggins.Though the Idaho panhandle is at the same longitude assouthwestern Idaho,they have different time zones because (1) Spokane is the commercial and transportation center for the region, and (2) there are many cross-border towns and cities that are connected, including Spokane with Coeur d'Alene and Post Falls;Pullman(home ofWashington State University) with Moscow (home of theUniversity of Idaho); andClarkstonwith Lewiston.

The panhandle is isolated from southern Idaho by distance and the east–west mountain ranges that divide the state. The passage by vehicle was arduous until significant highway improvements were made onU.S. Route 95in North Central Idaho, specifically at Lapwai Canyon (1960),White Bird Hill(1975), the Lewiston grade (1977), and Lawyer's Canyon (1991).

Köppen climate typesin northern Idaho

Regional agriculture

The North Idaho region is most noted forsilvaculture,the growing of trees and the production of lumber through the region's 12 lumber mills.The production of grass seeds andhopsforbeerproduction are also significant in the region. Ninemicrobrewerieshave operations in the area, making North Idaho highly characteristic of thePacific Northwest.There are also many cattle ranches.

Notable crops from thePalouseregion include wheat, lentils, peas, andcanola.

Native American reservations

• Coeur d'Alene Indian Reservation
• Kootenai Indian Reservation
• Nez Perce Indian Reservation

Major communities

• Bonners Ferry
• Coeur d'Alene
• Dalton Gardens
• Grangeville
• Hayden
• Kellogg
• Lewiston
• Lenore
• Moscow
• Orofino
• Post Falls
• Rathdrum
• Sandpoint
• St. Maries
• Wallace

External links

• Visit Idaho.org- official state site - North Idaho
• U.S. Forest Service- official site - Panhandle National Forests
• History of the Columbia Region TerritoriesArchived2008-07-22 at theWayback Machine- Washington State Historical Society