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Imperial College London

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Imperial College London(Imperial) is apublicresearch universityin London, England. Its history began withQueen Victoria's husband,Prince Albert,who envisioned acultural area in South Kensingtonincluding museums, colleges, and theRoyal Albert Hall.[6][7]In 1907, these colleges – theRoyal College of Science,theRoyal School of Mines,and theCity and Guilds of London Institute– merged to form Imperial College London.[8]In 1988, theImperial College School of Medicinewas formed through a merger withSt Mary's Hospital Medical School.In 2004, QueenElizabeth IIopened theImperial College Business School.

Imperial College London
Coat of arms
MottoScientia, imperiidecus et tutamen(Latin)
Motto in English
"Scientific knowledge, the crowning glory and the safeguard of the empire"
TypePublicresearch university
Established8 July 1907;117 years ago(1907-07-08)[1]
Endowment£220.1 million (2022/23)[2]
Budget£1.256 billion (2022/23)[2]
PresidentHugh Brady
ProvostIan Walmsley
Academic staff
4,440 (2020/21)[3]
Administrative staff
4,115 (2020/21)[3]
Students22,791 (2020/21)[4]
Undergraduates11,722 (2020/21)[4]
Postgraduates11,069 (2020/21)[4]
Location
London
,
England

51°29′54″N0°10′37″W/ 51.49833°N 0.17694°W/51.49833; -0.17694
Scarf
                                        
ColoursImperial Blue[5]
Affiliations
MascotLion
Websiteimperial.ac.uk

The university focuses on science, engineering, business, and medicine, where it has an entrepreneurial culture with well-resourced facilities and a large mentoring system.[9]The main campus is inSouth Kensington,and a second campus inWhite Cityserves as a hub for innovation, entrepreneurship, and research.[10]Thefaculty of medicinealso operates fiveteaching hospitalsacross London. The university was previously a constituent college of theUniversity of Londonand became an independent university in 2007.[11]With over 60%international students,Imperial represents around 140 countries on campus.[12]

History

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Prince Albertwas the main patron of the early royal colleges and the development of anarea of culturein South Kensington
Main article:History of Imperial College London

19th century

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The earliest college that led to the formation of Imperial was theRoyal College of Chemistry,founded in 1845, with the support ofPrince Albertandparliament.[7]This was merged in 1853 into what became known as theRoyal School of Mines.[13]Themedical schoolhas roots in many different schools across London, the oldest of which beingCharing Cross Hospital Medical Schoolwhich can be traced back to 1823, followed by teaching starting atWestminster Hospitalin 1834, andSt Mary's Hospitalin 1851.[14][15][16]

In 1851, theGreat Exhibitionwas organised as an exhibition of culture andindustrybyHenry Coleand by Prince Albert, husband of the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom,Queen Victoria.An enormously popular and financial success, proceeds from the Great Exhibition were designated to develop an area for cultural and scientific advancement inSouth Kensington.[17]Within the next six years theVictoria and Albert MuseumandScience Museumhad opened, joined by new facilities in 1871 for the Royal College of Chemistry, and in 1881 the opening of the Royal School of Mines andNatural History Museum.[18]

Imperial Institute,now the site ofQueen's Lawn

In 1881, the Normal School of Science was established in South Kensington under the leadership ofThomas Huxley,taking over responsibility for the teaching of the natural sciences and agriculture from the Royal School of Mines.[19]The school was renamed theRoyal College of Sciencebyroyal consentin 1890.[20]The Central Institution of theCity and Guilds of London Institutewas opened as atechnical educationschool onExhibition Roadby thePrince of Walesin 1884, with courses beginning in 1885.[8]

Royal College of Science

20th century

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At the start of the 20th century, there was a concern that Great Britain was falling behind Germany in scientific and technical education. A departmental committee was set up at theBoard of Educationin 1904, to look into the future of the Royal College of Science. A report released in 1906 called for the establishment of an institution unifying the Royal College of Science and the Royal School of Mines, as well as – if an agreement could be reached with the City and Guilds of London Institute – its Central Technical College.[21][22]

On 8 July 1907,Edward VIIgranted aRoyal Charterestablishing the Imperial College of Science and Technology. This incorporated the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science. It also made provisions for the City and Guilds College to join once conditions regarding its governance were met, as well as for Imperial to become a college of theUniversity of London.[23]The college joined the University of London on 22 July 1908, with the City and Guilds College joining in 1910.[8][24]The main campus of Imperial College was constructed beside the buildings of theImperial Institute,the new building for the Royal College of Science having opened across from it in 1906, and the foundation stone for the Royal School of Mines building being laid by KingEdward VIIin July 1909.[21]

As students at Imperial had to study separately for London degrees, in January 1919, students and alumni voted for a petition to make Imperial a university with its own degree awarding powers, independent of the University of London.[25][26]In response, the University of London changed its regulations in 1925 so that the courses taught only at Imperial would be examined by the university, enabling students to gain a Bachelor of Science.[27]In October 1945,George VIandQueen Elizabethvisited Imperial to commemorate the centenary of the Royal College of Chemistry, which was the oldest of the institutions that united to form Imperial College. "Commemoration Day", named after this visit, is held every October as the university's main graduation ceremony.[28][29]The college also acquired a biology field station atSilwood ParknearAscot, Berkshirein 1947[30]

Royal School of Mines

FollowingWorld War II,there was again concern that Britain was falling behind in science – this time to the United States. The Percy Report of 1945 and Barlow Committee in 1946 called for a "BritishMIT"-equivalent, backed by influential scientists as politicians of the time, includingLord Cherwell,SirLawrence Braggand SirEdward Appleton.[31][32]TheUniversity Grants Committeestrongly opposed however,[31]and so a compromise was reached in 1953, where Imperial would remain within the university, but double in size over the next ten years.[33][34]The expansion led to a number of new buildings being erected. These included the Hill building in 1957 and the Physics building in 1960, and the completion of the East Quadrangle, built in four stages between 1959 and 1965. The building work also meant the demolition of the City and Guilds College building in 1962–63, and the Imperial Institute's building by 1967.[35]Opposition from theRoyal Fine Arts Commissionand others meant thatQueen's Towerwas retained, with work carried out between 1966 and 1968 to make it free standing.[36]New laboratories for biochemistry, established with the support of a £350,000 grant from theWolfson Foundation,were opened by theQueenin 1965.[37][38]

In 1988, Imperial merged withSt Mary's Hospital Medical Schoolunder the Imperial College Act 1988. Amendments to theroyal charterchanged the formal name of the institution toThe Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicineand made St Mary's a constituent college.[39]This was followed by mergers with theNational Heart and Lung Institutein 1995 and theCharing Cross and Westminster Medical School,Royal Postgraduate Medical School and the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in 1997, with theImperial College Act 1997formally establishing the Imperial College School of Medicine.[40]

21st century

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In 2003, Imperial was granted degree-awarding powers in its own right by thePrivy Council.In 2004, theImperial College Business Schooland a new main college entrance on Exhibition Road were opened.[41][42]TheUK Energy Research Centrewas also established in 2004 and opened its headquarters at Imperial. On 9 December 2005, Imperial announced that it would commence negotiations to secede from the University of London.[43]Imperial became fully independent of the University of London in July 2007.[11][44][45]

In 2003,The Guardianreported that one third of female academics at Imperial "believe[d] that discrimination or bullying by managers has held back their careers".[46]In 2012, Imperial gained an institutionalAthena SWANSilver Award, which recognises employment practices that are supportive of the careers of women in science.[47]

In 2007, concerns were raised about the methods that were being used to fire people in the Faculty of Medicine.[48][49]In 2014,Stefan Grimm,of the Department of Medicine, was found dead after being threatened with dismissal for failure to raise enough grant money.[50]His last email before his death accused his employers of bullying by demanding that he should get grants worth at least £200,000 per year.[51][52]The college announced an internal inquiry into Stefan Grimm's death, and found that the performance metrics for his position were unreasonable, with new metrics for performance being needed.[53]

In April 2011, Imperial andKing's College Londonjoined the UK Centre for Medical Research and Innovation as partners with a commitment of £40 million each to the project. The centre was later renamed theFrancis Crick Instituteand opened on 9 November 2016. It is the largest single biomedical laboratory in Europe. The college began moving into the new White City campus in 2016, with the launching of the Innovation Hub.[54]This was followed by the opening of the Molecular Sciences Research Hub for theDepartment of Chemistry,officially opened byMayor of London,Sadiq Khanin 2019.[55]

The issue of bullying within the staff at Imperial resurfaced in November 2020 when Alex Sobel, the Labour MP for Leeds North West asked the Secretary of State for Education in a written question on 24 November what steps the Office for Students had taken in response to a report by Jane McNeill QC dated 25 August which found that bullying had taken place at Imperial under the President (Alice Gast) and the Chief Financial Officer. Michelle Donelan, the Conservative MP for Chippenham, responded for the Department for Education that "The Office for Students (OfS) is considering the information it has received in relation to this matter, in line with their normal processes. As is standard practice, the OfS cannot comment on individual cases".[56]

The college was accused of a cover-up by theUniversities and Colleges Unionin December 2020 when it refused to publish McNeill's report, even in redacted form. The Chair of Council said that the report was kept confidential to preserve the anonymity of people who gave evidence, that its recommendations had been accepted by the senior leadership team, and that these recommendations were being implemented in full. A disciplinary panel decided that Gast's dismissal as president was not warranted and spokesperson for the college said that she had "offered wholehearted apologies to those affected".[57]On 14 February 2021, it was announced that the OfS would formally investigate allegations of bullying.[58]

Campuses

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Imperial College Business Schooland College Main Entrance

South Kensington

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The South Kensington campus is the college's main campus, where most teaching and research takes place. It is home to many notable buildings, such as theBusiness School,Royal School of Mines,andRoyal College of Science.It is also the original site of theImperial Institute,whoseQueen's Towerstands at the heart of the campus overlookingQueen's Lawn.As part of a cultural centre known asAlbertopolisthe campus is surrounded by many of London's most popular attractions, including theRoyal Albert HallandKensington Palace,museums including theNatural History Museum,Science Museum,andVictoria and Albert Museum,and institutions such as theRoyal College of Art,theRoyal College of Music,and theNational Art Library.

View from the main entrance

The campus has many restaurants and cafés run by the college, and contains much of the college's student accommodation, including the Prince's Garden Halls, andBeit Hall,home to thecollege union,which runs student pubs, a nightclub, and a cinema on site. To the north, within easy walking distance of the college, areKensington GardensandHyde Park,with green spaces and sports facilities used by many of the student clubs.

Kensington Gardens

White City

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Imperial has a new second major campus inWhite Cityproviding a platform forinnovationandentrepreneurship.[59]The hub houses research facilities, postgraduate accommodation, as well as a commercialisation space.[60][61]The campus is home to the Scale Space andincubator,Invention Rooms, a collegehackerspaceand community outreach centre.[62]The White City campus also includes another biomedical centre funded by SirMichael Uren.[63][64][65]

Silwood Park

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Silwood Parkis a postgraduate campus of Imperial in the village of Sunninghill nearAscotin Berkshire. The Silwood Park campus remains a centre for research and teaching in ecology, evolution, and conservation. It is set in 100 hectares of parkland used for ecological field experiments.

Hospitals

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Imperial has teaching hospitals across London which are used by theSchool of Medicinefor undergraduate clinical teaching and medical research. All are based around college-affiliated hospitals, and also provide catering and sport facilities. College libraries are located on each campus, including the Fleming library at St Mary's.[66]

Organisation and administration

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Faculties and departments

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Imperial is organised by four faculties: the Faculty of Engineering, the Faculty of Medicine, the Faculty of Natural Sciences, and the Imperial College Business School.[67]

Faculty of Engineering

Faculty of Medicine

  • Brain Sciences
  • Immunology & Inflammation
  • Infectious Disease
  • Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction
  • Surgery and Cancer
  • Institute of Clinical Sciences
  • National Heart and Lung Institute
  • School of Public Health

Faculty of Natural Sciences

Imperial College Business School

  • Analytics & Operations
  • Economics & Public Policy
  • Finance
  • Management & Entrepreneurship
  • Marketing

Interdisciplinary centres

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Brevan Howard Centre for Financial Analysis

Imperial hosts centres to promote inter-disciplinary work under the titles of Global Challenge institutes, Imperial Centres of Excellence and Imperial Networks of Excellence. It also participates as a partner in a number of national institutes.[68]

Global Challenge institutes:
National institutes:
  • Francis Crick Institute
  • Rosalind Franklin Institute
  • Alan Turing Institute
  • Henry Royce Institute
  • Faraday Institution
  • UK Dementia Research Institute
  • MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences

    • Academic centres

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    The Centre for Languages, Culture and Communication operates as Imperial College London's adult education centre, offering evening class courses in the arts, humanities, languages and sciences.[69]The university also houses two academic centres offering teaching to undergraduate and postgraduate students in subjects outside of science, technology and medicine. The academic centres are the:

    • Centre for Academic English
    • Centre for Languages, Culture and Communication

    Governance

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    Faculty Building, designed byNorman Foster
    See also:President of Imperial College LondonandProvost of Imperial College London

    The council is the governing body of Imperial. The council consists of the chairman, the president, the provost, the president of Imperial College Union, senior staff members, and advisory members. Thepresidentis the highest academic official and chief executive of Imperial College London.[70]The position has been held byHugh Brady,since August 2022.[71]The current Provost isIan Walmsley,and the current chair isJohn Allan.[72]

    Finances and endowment

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    Graduation ceremonies take place in theRoyal Albert Hall

    The college's endowment is sub-divided into three distinct portfolios:

    • Unitised Scheme – a unit trust vehicle for the college, Faculties and Departments to invest endowments and unfettered income to produce returns for the long term
    • Non-Core Property – a portfolio containing around 120 operational and developmental properties which the college has determined are not core to the academic mission
    • Strategic Asset Investments – containing the college's shareholding inImperial Innovationsand other restricted equity holdings.[73]

    Affiliations and partnerships

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    Imperial is a member of theAssociation of Commonwealth Universities,European University Association,Global Alliance of Technological Universities,League of European Research Universitiesand theRussell Group.It is a founding member of the Imperial Collegeacademic health sciences centre,theFrancis Crick InstituteandMedCity.Imperial is a long-term partner of theMassachusetts Institute of Technology,with the first formal large-scale collaboration agreement dating back to 1944 as part ofWorld War IIscientific effort.[74]The two institutions still share a strong bond with exchange programs for their students and academic staff.[75][76]In the field of Mathematics, Imperial College London has a joint venture withKing's College LondonandUniversity College Londonrunning the London School of Geometry and Number Theory, which offers doctoral training in mathematic aspects of number theory, geometry and topology.[77]

    Academic profile

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    Research

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    Imperial was ranked 1st in the U.K overall in rankings produced byTimes Higher Educationbased upon theResearch Excellence Frameworkresults 2021.[78][79]In the 2021Research Excellence Framework,96.6% of Imperial's research is "world-leading" or "internationally excellent".[78][79]The REF found that 93% of Imperial'scomputer scienceresearch was world-leading, achieving the highest possible 4* score.[80]

    The college promotes research commercialisation, partly through its dedicatedtechnology transfercompany,Imperial Innovations,which has given rise to a large number ofspin-outcompanies based on academic research.[81][82]Imperial researcherNarinder Singh Kapanymade critical contributions to the invention offibre optics.[83][84]

    Innovation Hub

    The United States is the college's top foreign country for collaborations,[85]and Imperial College has a long-term partnership with theMassachusetts Institute of Technologythat dates fromWorld War II.[74]

    In January 2018, the mathematics department of Imperial and theFrench National Center for Scientific Researchlaunched UMIAbraham de Moivreat Imperial, a joint research laboratory of mathematics focused on unsolved problems and bridging British and French scientific communities.[86]In October 2018, Imperial College launched the Imperial Cancer Research UK Center, a research collaboration that aims to find innovative ways to improve the precision of cancer treatments, inaugurated byJoe Bidenas part of his Biden Cancer Initiative.[87][88]

    Neil Ferguson's16 March 2020 report entitled "Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand" was described in aNew York Timesarticle as the coronavirus "report that jarred the U.S. and the U.K. to action".[89][90]Since 18 May, Imperial College's Dr. Samir Bhatt has been advising thestate of New Yorkfor its reopening plan.[91]Thegovernor of New York,Andrew Cuomo,said at the time that "the Imperial College model, as we've been following this for weeks, was the best, most accurate model."[91]

    Admissions

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    UCAS Admission Statistics
    2023 2022 2021 2020 2019
    Applications[α][92] 30,725 28,620 28,700 25,650 23,380
    Accepted[α][92] 3,135 3,090 3,305 3,450 2,860
    Applications/Accepted Ratio[α] 9.8 9.3 8.7 7.4 8.2
    Offer Rate (%)[β][93] 33.1 30.1 32.5 42.9 43.0
    Average Entry Tariff[94] — — 206 198 194
    1. ^abcMain scheme applications, International and UK
    2. ^UK domiciled applicants
    HESA Student Body Composition
    Domicile[95]and Ethnicity[96] Total
    British White 22% 22
    British Ethnic Minorities[a] 25% 25
    International EU 13% 13
    International Non-EU 40% 40
    UndergraduateWidening ParticipationIndicators[97][98]
    Female 41% 41
    Private School 34% 34
    Low Participation Areas[b] 5% 5
    QueenElizabeth IIopening the Alexander Fleming Building

    In the academic year 2021/22, Imperial had an admissions rate of 11.1% for undergraduate admissions and 13.0% for postgraduate admissions: The ratio of applicants to admissions was 9:1 for undergraduates and 7.7:1 for postgraduates.[99]The university gave offers of admission to 30.1% of its undergraduate applicants in 2022, the 7th lowest offer rate across the country.[100]The undergraduate courses with the highest ratios of applicants to admissions werecomputing(19.2:1), mathematics (14.6:1) and mechanical engineering (11.2:1).[99]

    The postgraduate courses with the highest ratios of applicants to admissions were computing (21:1), mathematics (17.9:1), and electrical engineering (14:1).[99]Imperial is among the most international universities in the United Kingdom,[101][102]with 50% of students from the UK, 16% of students from the EU, and 34% of students from outside the UK or EU.[101][103][104]The student body is 39% female and 61% male.[104]36.5% of Imperial's undergraduates areprivately educated,the fourth highest proportion amongst mainstream British universities.[102]

    Libraries

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    The college'smain libraryis located next toQueen's Lawnand contains the main corpus of the college's collection. It previously also housed theScience Museum's library until 2014.[105]The Fleming library is located atSt Mary'sinPaddington,originally the library ofSt Mary's Hospital Medical School,with other hospital campuses also having college libraries.[106]

    Medicine

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    Main articles:Imperial College Faculty of MedicineandImperial College Healthcare

    The Imperial Faculty of Medicine was formed through mergers between Imperial and the St Mary's, Charing Cross and Westminster, and Royal Postgraduate medical schools and has sixteaching hospitals.It accepts more than 300 undergraduate medical students per year and has around 321 taught and 700 research full-time equivalent postgraduate students.

    St Mary's Hospital, London

    Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trustwas formed on 1 October 2007 by the merger of Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust (Charing Cross Hospital,Hammersmith HospitalandQueen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital) and St Mary's NHS Trust (St. Mary's HospitalandWestern Eye Hospital) with Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine.[107]It is an academic health science centre and manages five hospitals:Charing Cross Hospital,Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital,Hammersmith Hospital,St Mary's Hospital,andWestern Eye Hospital.The Trust is currently one of the largest in the UK and in 2012/13 had a turnover of £971.3 million, employed approximately 9,770 people and treated almost 1.2 million patients.[108]

    Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Abu Dhabi

    Other (non-academic health science centres) hospitals affiliated with Imperial College includeChelsea and Westminster Hospital,Royal Brompton Hospital,West Middlesex University Hospital,Hillingdon Hospital,Mount Vernon Hospital,Harefield Hospital,Ealing Hospital,Central Middlesex Hospital,Northwick Park Hospital,St Mark's Hospital,St Charles' Hospital andSt Peter's Hospital.[109]

    Reputation and rankings

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    Rankings
    National rankings
    Complete(2025)[110]5
    Guardian(2025)[111]5
    Times / Sunday Times(2024)[112]5
    Global rankings
    ARWU(2024)[113]25
    QS(2025)[114]2
    THE(2024)[115]8
    National league tablesover ten years
    Global league tablesover the years
    Queen's Tower

    Imperial is widely recognised as one of the UK's elite universities.[116][117][118]In 2025, theQS World University Rankingsranked Imperial second in the world, behindMIT,equalling its highest ever position. Similarly, theTimes Higher Education World University Rankingsranked it eighth in the world.

    Imperial has cultivated an entrepreneurial culture by integrating business and finance disciplines across its science-focused curriculum. This approach is supported by the UK's largest mentoring system, inspired by MIT's model. The university's Enterprise Lab has a high 79 per cent survival rate forstartups.[119]Reflecting this, the 2023QS MBA Rankings by Career Specialisation in Entrepreneurshipplaced Imperial's MBA programme third in the world,[120]while the 2018Reuters World's Most Innovative Universitiesranking placed Imperial eighth in the world.[121]

    Imperial's focus on entrepreneurship and industry placements, along with the subject mix taught, has led to high employability of its graduates. In 2024, Imperial was ranked first in the UK for highly skilled employment or further studies by theComplete University Guide,[122]theGuardian University Guide,[123]and theTimes Good University Guide.[124]An analysis ofHigher Education Statistics Agencysalary data for 2021 found that Imperial graduates had the highest median salaries across all subjects of any UK university.[125]

    Student life

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    Student body

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    For the 2019/20 academic year, Imperial had a total full-time student body of 19,400, consisting of 10,475 undergraduate students and 8,925 postgraduates.[126]50.7% of the student body is from outside of the UK.[127]32% of all full-time students came from outside theEuropean Unionin 2013–14,[128]and around 13% of the International students had Chinese nationality in 2007–08.[129]Imperial's male to female ratio for undergraduate students is uneven at approximately 64:36 overall,[129]and 5:1 or higher in some engineering courses. However, medicine has an approximate 1:1 ratio with biology degrees tending to be higher.[130]

    Queen's Lawnat South Kensington Campus

    Imperial College Union

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    Imperial College Unionis thestudents' unionand is run by five full-timesabbaticalofficers elected from the student body for a tenure of one year, and a number of permanent members of staff. It is split into constituent unions aligned with the faculties of the college, carrying on the association with the original constituent colleges of Imperial, theRoyal College of Science Union,City and Guilds College Union,Royal School of Mines Students' UnionandImperial College School of Medicine Students' Union.The Union is given a large subvention by the university, much of which is spent on maintaining over 300 clubs, projects and societies.[131]Examples of notable student groups and projects areProject Nepalwhich sends Imperial College students to work on educational development programmes in rural Nepal[132]andthe El Salvador Project,a construction based project in Central America.[133]The Union also hosts sports-related clubs such asImperial College Boat ClubandImperial College Gliding Club.The Union operates on two sites, with most events at the Union Building onBeit Quadat South Kensington, with mostlymedical schoolevents at the Reynold's bar,Charing Cross.

    Facilities

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    Ethos Gym

    Sports facilities at Imperial's London campuses include four gyms, including the main Ethos gym at the South Kensington Campus, two swimming pools and two sports halls.[134]Imperial has additional sports facilities at the Heston and Harlington sports grounds. On the South Kensington campus, there are a total of six music practice rooms which consist of upright pianos for usage by people of any grade, and grand pianos which are exclusively for people who have achieved Grade 8 or above.[135]

    There are two student bars on the South Kensington campus, one at theImperial College Unionand one at Eastside.[136] There are a number of pubs and bars on campus and also surrounding the campus, which become a popular social activity for Imperial's students. ThePewtertankard collection at Imperial College Union is the largest in Europe, with the majority of clubs and societies having tankards associated with their clubs.[137]

    The weekly college farmer's market

    Student media

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    Imperial College Radio

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    Imperial College Radio(ICRadio) was founded in November 1975 with the intention of broadcasting to the studenthalls of residencefrom a studio under Southside, actually commencing broadcasts in late 1976. It now broadcasts from the West Basement of Beit Quadover the internet.[138]

    Imperial College TV

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    'Imperial College TV (ICTV) is the university's TV station, founded in 1969 as STOIC (Student Television of Imperial College) and operated from a small TV studio in the Electrical Engineering block. The department had bought an earlyAMPEXType A 1-inch videotape recorderand this was used to produce an occasional short news programme which was then played to students by simply moving the VTR and a monitor into a common room. A cable link to the Southside halls of residence was laid in a tunnel under Exhibition Road in 1972.

    Felix Newspaper

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    Felixis weekly student newspaper, first released on 9 December 1949.[139]In addition to news, Felix also carries comic strips, features, opinions, puzzles and reviews, plus reports of trips and Imperial College sporting events.

    Racing Green Enduranceis a student-led project to demonstrate the potential of zero-emission cars.

    Student societies

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    Imperial College Boat Club

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    TheImperial College Boat Clubis the rowing club of Imperial and was founded on 12 December 1919. The college's boat house is located inPutneyon theThames,and has been refurbished, reopening in 2014.[140]

    Sports

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    Imperial College has over 60 sports clubs,[141]of which many participate in theBritish Universities and Colleges SportAssociation leagues such asAmerican Football,Rugby,Badminton,Lacrosse,Football,Ice Hockey, and many others.[141]

    Exploration Club

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    Beit Hall
    Prince's Gardens surrounded by college halls of residence

    Imperial's Exploration Board was established in 1957 to assist students with a desire for exploration. Trips have included Afghanistan, Alaska, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Fiji, the Himalayas, Iran, Morocco, Norway, Tanzania, Thailand, Ukraine, and the Yukon.[142]

    Dramatic Society

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    The Imperial College Dramatic Society (DramSoc)[143]is one of two major theatrical arts societies, with the other being the Musical Theatre Society, and it was founded in 1912.[144]The society puts on three major plays each year, in addition to several smaller fringe productions. It is additionally one of the London-based dramatic societies to participate in the London Student Drama Festival,[145]and regularly attends theEdinburgh Fringe.DramSoc is responsible for the day-to-day maintenance of the Union's theatrical space, theUnion Concert Hall.

    The Techtonics

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    The Techtonicsare an all-male a cappella group from Imperial College London, and are a part of the Imperial College A Cappella Society.[146]The group was formed in 2008, and has since risen to prominence in the world a cappella scene. The group is best known for winning theInternational Championship of Collegiate A Cappellain 2016.[147]

    Student housing

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    Main article:Imperial College Halls of Residence

    Imperial College owns and manages twenty-three halls of residence inInner London,Acton,andAscot.Over three thousand rooms are available, guaranteeing first year undergraduates a place in College residences. The majority of halls offer single or twin accommodation with some rooms havingen suitefacilities. Bedrooms are provided with basic furniture and with access to shared kitchens and bathrooms. All rooms come with internet access and access to the Imperial network.[148]Most of them are considered among the newest student halls at London universities.

    Most students in college or university accommodation are first-year undergraduates, as they are granted a room once they have selected Imperial as their firm offer withUCAS.The majority of older students and postgraduates find accommodation in the private sector, help for which is provided by the college private housing office. However a handful of students may continue to live in halls in later years if they take the position of a "hall senior", and places are available for a small number of returning students in the Evelyn Garden halls.[149]Some students also live inInternational Students House,London.

    Notable alumni, faculty and staff

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    Main articles:List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Imperial College London,List of Imperial College London people,andPresident of Imperial College London

    Nobel laureates: (medicine)Sir Alexander Fleming,Sir Ernst Boris Chain,Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins,Sir Andrew Fielding Huxley,Rodney Robert Porter,(physics)Abdus Salam,Sir George Paget Thomson,Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett,Dennis Gabor,Peter Higgs,(chemistry)Sir Norman Haworth,Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood,Sir Derek Barton,Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson,Sir George Porter.[150]Fields medalists:Klaus Friedrich Roth,Sir Simon Donaldson,Martin Hairer.[151]

    Academic affiliations include:Sir Tom Kibble,co-discoverer ofHiggs Boson;[152]Sir Tejinder Virdee,experimental particle physicist;[153]Narinder Singh Kapany,inventor offibre optics;[154][155][156][157]Sir John Pendry,theoretical solid state physicist;[158]Sir Christopher Kelk Ingold,physical organic chemistry pioneer;[159]Sir William Henry Perkin,discoverer of the first synthetic organic chemical dyemauveine;[160]Sir Edward Frankland,originator of the theory ofchemical valency;[161]Sir William Crookes,discoverer ofthallium;[162]Sir Alan Fersht,chemist;[163]David Phillips,chemist;[164]Harold Hopkins,contributed to the theory and design of optical instruments;[165]Alfred North Whitehead,mathematician and philosopher;[166]Sir Steven Cowley,physicist and president ofCorpus Christi College, Oxford;[167]and SirJohn Ambrose Fleming,inventor of thevacuum tube.[168]

    In biology and medicine;Thomas Huxley,advocate of the theory of evolution;Azeem Majeed.Clinical Academic and Public Health Specialist;Wendy Barclay,virologist;Dame Sally Davies,theChief Medical Officerfor England;[169]David Livingstone,medical missionary andClare Lloyd,biologist. In engineering;Sir Alec Skempton,one of the founding fathers ofsoil mechanics;George E. Davis,regarded as the founding father of chemical engineering;Olgierd Zienkiewicz,a pioneer of theFinite Element Method;Dame Julia Higgins,polymer scientist;[170]Dame Judith Hackitt,former Chair of theHealth and Safety Executive;[171]Dudley Maurice Newitt,scientific director of theSpecial Operations Executive;[172]andJulia King, Baroness Brown of Cambridge,engineer and Member of the House of Lords.[173]

    Non-academic affiliations include:H. G. Wells,author;[174]Nikolas Tombazis,chief car designer atMcLarenandFerrari;Ralph Robins,CEO ofRolls-Royce;[175]Brian May,guitarist of rock bandQueen;[176]Chew Choon Seng,CEO ofSingapore Airlines;SirJulius Vogel,formerPrime Minister of New Zealand;[177]Rajiv Gandhi,formerPrime Minister of India;[178]Teo Chee Hean,Senior Minister of Singapore(formerlyDeputy Prime Minister of Singapore); Edem Tengue, Minister of maritime economy of the republic of Togo;Huw Thomas,Physician to the Queen;[179]SirRoger Bannister,ran the firstfour-minute mile;[180]David Warren,inventor of theflight data recorderandcockpit voice recorder;[181]Andreas Mogensen,first Danish astronaut;Winston Wong,entrepreneur;Alan Howard,hedge fund manager and philanthropist;Cyrus Pallonji Mistry,former chairman of theTata Group;[182]Michael Birch,entrepreneur;Henry Charles Stephens,politician; SirMichael Uren,businessman and philanthropist;Ian Read,CEO ofPfizer,Pallab Ghosh,BBC correspondent,Hannah Devlin,science journalist;Chi Onwurah,politician;[183]Dyah Roro Esti Widya Putri,member ofHouse of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia;Nicola Fox,Head of Science atNASA;[184]Danny Lui,co-founderLenovo;[185]Simon Singh,author;Chen Jining,Secretary of Shanghai.[186]

    See also

    edit

    Explanatory notes

    edit
    1. ^Includes those who indicate that they identify asAsian,Black,Mixed Heritage,Arabor any other ethnicity except White.
    2. ^Calculated from the Polar4 measure, using Quintile1, in England and Wales. Calculated from the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) measure, using SIMD20, in Scotland.
    3. ^Attended; did not graduate.

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