Wikipedia

Irving, Texas

Irvingis a city inDallas County, Texas,United States. It is part of theMid-Citiesregion of theDallas–Fort Worth metroplexand is aninner city suburbofDallas.Irving is noted for itsracial and ethnic diversity.[10][11]The city had a population of 256,684 according to the2020 United States Census,making it thetwelfth-most populouscity in Texas, and the88th most populousin the U.S.[12]Irving includes theLas Colinasmixed-use master-planned community and part of theDallas Fort Worth International Airport.

Irving, Texas
City
Clockwise from top left: Urban Towers at Las Colinas, the former Texas Stadium, Irving Convention Center at Las Colinas, Downtown Las Colinas Skyline, The Mustangs at Las Colinas
Clockwise from top left: Urban Towers at Las Colinas, the formerTexas Stadium,Irving Convention Center at Las Colinas,DowntownLas ColinasSkyline,The Mustangs at Las Colinas
Motto:
"Delivering Exceptional Services"[1]
Location within Dallas County
Location within Dallas County
Irving is located in Texas
Irving
Irving
Location within Texas
Irving is located in the United States
Irving
Irving
Location within the United States
Coordinates:32°49′N96°57′W/ 32.817°N 96.950°W/32.817; -96.950
CountryUnited States
StateTexas
CountyDallas
Incorporated (city)April 14, 1914[2]
Government
• TypeCouncil-Manager
•City CouncilMayorRick Stopfer (R)[3]
John Bloch
Brad LaMorgese
Abdul Khabeer
Luis Canosa
Mark Cronenwett
Al Zapanta
Kyle Taylor
Dennis Webb[4]
•City ManagerChris Hillman[5]
Area
[6]
•City
67.97 sq mi (176.04 km2)
• Land66.98 sq mi (173.48 km2)
• Water0.99 sq mi (2.57 km2)
Elevation
482 ft (147 m)
Population
(2020)[7]
•City
256,732
• Rank(US:88th)
• Density3,580.20/sq mi (1,382.32/km2)
•Urban
5,121,892(6th)
•Metro
6,810,913(4th)
• CSA
7,206,144(6th)
Time zoneUTC−06:00(CST)
• Summer (DST)UTC−05:00(CDT)
ZIP Codes
75014-75017, 75038-75039, 75059-75064
Area code(s)214, 469, 945, 972,682, 817
FIPS code48-37000[8]
GNISfeature ID1338507[9]
Websitecityofirving.org

History

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See also:Timeline of Irving, Texas

Irving was founded in 1903 by J.O. "Otto" Schulze and Otis Brown. It is believed literary authorWashington Irvingwas a favorite of Netta Barcus Brown, and consequently the name of the town site, Irving, was chosen. Irving began in 1889 as an area called Gorbit, and in 1894 the name changed to Kit.[13]Irving was incorporated April 14, 1914, with Otis Brown as the first mayor.

By the late nineteenth century the Irving area was the site ofchurches,twocotton gins,ablacksmithshop and a general store. The Irving districtpublic schoolsystem dates to the 1909 establishment of Kit and Lively schools. Population growth was slow and sometimes halting, with only 357 residents in 1925, but a significant increase began in the 1930s.

By the early 1960s the city had a population of approximately 45,000. A number ofmanufacturingplants operated in Irving, along withtransportation,retailandfinancialbusinesses. TheUniversity of Dallasin Irving opened in 1956, andTexas Stadiumwas completed in 1971 as the home field of theDallas Cowboys.TheChateau Theateropened in 1964 as part of a chain of premium, dollar, and drive-in theaters that stretched across North Texas and Oklahoma.

Delta Air Lines Flight 191crashed in Irving on August 2, 1985.[14]

Irving's population reached 155,037 in 1990 and the United States Census Bureau estimated 236,607 residents in 2016, a 3.5 percent population increase over 2013 census estimates.[12]

In 2000, anOshman's Sporting Goodsstore was robbed by the "Texas Seven".[15]In 2011, the Irving Convention Center at Las Colinas opened. Four years later high-school studentAhmed Mohamedwas the subject of ahoax bombincident which ignited allegations ofracial profilingandIslamophobiafrom many media and commentators.

In 2019, Irving completed its construction of an entertainment district in Las Colinas with the opening of the Westin Irving Convention Center Hotel.[16]The entertainment district also includes the Irving Convention Center at Las Colinas[17]and the Toyota Music Factory, an entertainment complex with numerous restaurants, an Alamo Drafthouse Cinema, the Texas Lottery Plaza open-air performance stage and the Pavilion at the Toyota Music Factory concert venue.[18]

On May 8, 2020, the city's local poultry plant run byWestfield, Wisconsin-based Brakebush Bros. Inc reported 40 cases ofCOVID-19among its workers during the2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic.[19]

Geography

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According to theUnited States Census Bureau,the city has a total area of 67.7 square miles (175 km2), of which 67.2 square miles (174 km2) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km2) (0.65%) is water.

Developments

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Irving includes theLas Colinasplanned community,amixed-use developmentwith a land area of more than 12,000 acres (4,856 ha) that is home to manyFortune 500companies and the Las Colinas Entertainment District. It also includes part of theDallas/Fort Worth International Airport.Irving also includesValley Ranch,amaster-planned development.

Climate

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The warmest month on average is July, and the highest recorded temperature was 112 °F (44 °C) in 1980. The average coolest month is January, and the lowest recorded temperature was −8 °F (−22 °C) in 1899.[20]Irving is considered to be part of thehumid subtropicalregion. May is the wettest month on average.[21]

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1920357—
1930731104.8%
19401,08949.0%
19502,621140.7%
196045,9851,654.5%
197097,260111.5%
1980109,94313.0%
1990155,03741.0%
2000191,61523.6%
2010216,29012.9%
2020256,68418.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[22]
2018 Estimate[23]

2020 census

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Irving city, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity(NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[24] Pop 2010[25] Pop 2020[26] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
Whitealone (NH) 92,445 66,559 53,982 48.25% 30.77% 21.03%
Black or African Americanalone (NH) 19,254 25,550 31,714 10.05% 11.81% 12.36%
Native AmericanorAlaska Nativealone (NH) 905 807 733 0.47% 0.37% 0.29%
Asianalone (NH) 15,674 30,161 57,301 8.18% 13.94% 22.32%
Pacific Islanderalone (NH) 199 221 250 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
Other Racealone (NH) 247 434 1,227 0.13% 0.20% 0.48%
Mixed race or Multiracial(NH) 3,053 3,591 6,008 1.59% 1.66% 2.34%
Hispanic or Latino(any race) 59,838 88,967 105,469 31.23% 41.13% 41.09%
Total 191,615 216,290 256,684 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

At thecensus[8]of 2010,[27]there were 216,290 people, 82,538 households, and 51,594 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,218.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,242.7/km2). There were 91,128 housing units at an average density of 1,356 per square mile (524/km2).[28]According to the2020 United States census,there were 256,684 people, 86,023 households, and 57,330 families residing in the city.

Irving has been noted for its racial and ethnic diversity.[10]A 2012 study by the real estate websiteTruliafound that Irving's 75038 zip code was the most diverse zip code in the United States,[10]while Irving was ranked as the ninth-most diverse city in the United States with over 200,000 residents according to a Diversity Index developed byBrown University'sAmerican Communities Project. The same survey said Irving was the eighth-most diverse city at a neighborhood level (again among cities with over 200,000 residents); Irving was the highest-ranked city in Texas at the city level and behind only Garland, TX at the neighborhood level.[11]

According to the 2010 census, the racial makeup of the city was 53.1%White(30.8%non-Hispanic white), 12.3%African American,0.9%Native American,14.0%Asian,0.1%Pacific Islander,16.2% fromother races,and 3.5% fromtwo or more races.[28]HispanicorLatinosof any race were 41.1% of the population.[29]The largest group of Hispanic or Latinos were ofMexican origin,while those ofSalvadoranheritage form the second largest group; in 2009 they formed 11.8% of those born outside of the United States. The Hispanic and Latino residents have moved into eastern Irving, which contains older neighborhoods than other areas of Irving.[30]By 2020, the composition of Irving was 21.03% non-Hispanic white, 12.36% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 22.32% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.48% some other race, 2.34% multiracial, and 41.09% Hispanic or Latino of any race.[31]

The largest Asian American ethnic group in Irving is theAsian Indians.[30]As of 2009 the Indians have mainly settled in proximity to high technology companies,[32]into an area in western Irving alongTexas State Highway 114.[33]To absorb the Indian population, dense condominium and rental properties have opened in western Irving.[32]

There were 82,538 households, out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families.[28]30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.31.[28]

In the city, 29% of the population was under the age of 19, 8% was between ages 20 to 24, 35.8% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.9% were 65 years of age or older.[28]The median age was 31.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males.

The 2012 median income for a household in the city was $49,303, and the median income for a family was $54,755.[34]Males had an estimated median income of $40,986 versus $36,518 for females.[35]Theper capita incomefor the city was $26,970.[34]About 13.2% of families and 16.2% of the population were below thepoverty line,including 24.5% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over.[34]

Economy

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Envoy Airheadquarters

According to the city's 2021–2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[36]the city's top employers are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 Citigroup,Inc. 6,162
2 Vistra Energy 5,400
3 Allstate Insurance 3,068
4 Verizon Communications 3,000
5 Microsoft 2,681
6 Irving Mall 2,100
7 YRC Freight 1,941
8 Baylor Scott & White Health 1,907
9 DFW International Airport 1,900
10 Accenture 1,900

Several large businesses have headquarters in Irving, includingNexstar Media Group,Aeroxchange,Caliber Home Loans,Nautilus Hyosung America, Inc.,Chuck E. Cheese,[37]Cicis,[38]Commercial Metals,[39]Envoy Air(formerly American Eagle),[40]Gruma,[41]H.D. Vest,[42]Kimberly-Clark,[43]La Quinta Inns and Suites,[44]Michaels Stores,[45]7-Eleven,[46]Southern Star Concrete, Inc.,[47]Stellar,[48]a global contact center provider,Zale Corporation,[49]Fluor Corporation,[50]Flowserve,NCH Corporation,[51]ITW Polymers Sealants North America,[52]Celanese Corporation,a leading producer of specialty chemicals,[53]Vistra Energy and its subsidiaryTXU Energy,[54]McKesson Corporation,[55]and LXI Enterprise Storage.[56]In June 2022,Caterpillar Inc,a construction and mining equipment manufacturer, announced it would move its headquarters to Irving.[57]

The city is also home to the national headquarters of theBoy Scouts of America.[58]

Subsidiaries of foreign companies

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The headquarters ofNokia America[59]andNEC Corporation of America[60]are in Irving. The American headquarters ofBlackBerrywas in Irving.[61]

Perhaps as a result of the Nokia-Irving connection, Irving istwinnedwith Nokia's headquarters city,EspooinFinland.

Irving is also the Headquarters of OSG USA INC., which is the North American Subsidiary of OSG Corporation in Japan. OSG is a leading provider of high end cutting tools used in industries such as automotive and aerospace.

Arts and culture

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Attractions

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Ruth Paine Home

The Irving Arts Center, owned by the city, is a home for the arts, housing 10 resident arts organizations. Resident Organizations provide cultural programs for the community, and opportunities to participate in the creative process. Community members can play a role in front of the curtain as musicians, actors, and artists, or behind the scenes as planners, technicians, directors and more. The Irving Arts Center is a Smithsonian Affiliate.[62]

The city owns and operates four historical museums: The Jackie Townsell Bear Creek Heritage Center, The Ruth Paine House Museum, and The Mustangs of Las Colinas Museum.[63]A fourth historical museum, the Irving Archives and Museum, opened in February, 2020.[64]

Sports

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Irving serves as the headquarters city for twocollege athleticsconferences: theBig 12 Conference[65]andAmerican Athletic Conference.[66]

Irving Independent School District(IISD)high schoolsplayfootballand other sports at the Joy and Ralph Ellis Stadium (formerly Irving Schools Stadium). The stadium is located between Lee Britain Elementary School and Bowie Middle School at 600 E 6th St.[citation needed]

History

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Irving was the home ofTexas Stadium,the former home stadium of theDallas Cowboys.The stadium was demolished on April 11, 2010. The city was also formerly the site of the Cowboys training facility for over 30 years. TheNational Football League'sDallas Cowboysplayed in Irving atTexas Stadiumfrom1971to2008,[67]and the team maintained its headquarters in Irving'sValley Ranchneighborhood from 1985 to 2016.[68][69]

Government and infrastructure

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Local government

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Irving City Hall

Prior to the November 2008 elections, Irving banned the sale of alcoholic beverages in stores, making it the largest in population dry suburb in North Texas. In 2004 the pro-alcohol measure failed with 63% of voters opposing the measure. In 2006, 52% voted against the measure. On the third attempt, with heavy monetary backing by retailers, voters narrowly voted in favor of the measure in 2008.[70]People in favor of changing Irving's liquor laws saw the interest in the2008 United States Presidential Electionas a catalyst for changing the laws in their favor.[71]

In 2009 Irving had a city council that was entirely at-large. While Irving has a large population of racial minorities, the entire city council and the mayor's office, was entirely non-Hispanic White. Manny Benavidez, a resident of Irving, filed a lawsuit against the city in federal court in November 2007, saying that the voting system was not in compliance with the1965 Voting Rights Act.On July 15, 2009, a federal judge ruled that Irving is required to create a new electoral system so that racial minority representatives may be voted into office.[72]In 2010 elections, which included one at-large seat and two district-seats, three new council members were elected, replacing two incumbents and adding a newly created seat. Among the three new council members were two minority council members.[73][74]

List of mayors of Irving, Texas
  • Otis Brown, 1914–1917[75]
  • C. G. Miller, 1917–1919, 1925–1927[76]
  • P. H. Lively, 1919–1921[76]
  • W. F. Miller, 1921–1923[76]
  • M. R. Price, 1923–1925[76]
  • John Haley, 1927–1933[76]
  • F. M. Gilbert, 1933–1937[76]
  • C. P. Caldwell, 1937–1943[76]
  • E. J. Johnson, 1943–1947[76]
  • Hans Smith, 1947–1951[76]
  • C. B. Hardee, 1951–1957[76]
  • Paul C. Laird, 1957–1959[76]
  • Lynn Brown, 1959–1967[76]
  • Robert Power, 1967–1971[77]
  • Dan Matkin, 1971–1977[76]
  • Marvin Randle, 1977–1981[76]
  • Bobby Joe Raper, 1981–1987, 1993–1995[76]
  • Bob Pierce, 1987–1991[76]
  • Roy Brown, 1991–1993[76]
  • Morris Parrish, 1995–1999[78]
  • Joe Putnam, 1999–2005[79]
  • Herbert Gears, 2005–2011[79]
  • Beth Van Duyne,2011–2017[80]
  • Rick Stopfer, 2017–present[81]

The city of Irving is a voluntary member of theNorth Central Texas Council of Governmentsassociation, the purpose of which is to coordinate individual and collective local governments and facilitate regional solutions, eliminate unnecessary duplication, and enable joint decisions.

County government

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TheParkland Health & Hospital System(Dallas County Hospital District) operates the Irving Health Center.[82]

Federal representation

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TheUnited States Postal Serviceoperates post offices in Irving. The Irving Main Post Office is at 2701 West Irving Boulevard.[83]Other post offices in the city include Central Irving, Las Colinas, and Valley Ranch.[84]

Education

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Primary and secondary schools

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Public

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TheIrving Independent School District(IISD) serves most of Irving. Other areas are served by theCarrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District(CFBISD),Coppell Independent School District(CISD),[85]andGrapevine-Colleyville Independent School District.[86]

The major high schools that serve Irving are:

In 2014, 3,821 of CFBISD's 26,239 students resided in Irving.[87]

In 2019 theDallas Independent School District(DISD) openedNorth Lake Early College High School,[88]which has a campus for students in grades 9–10 at North Lake South. The school is not within DISD's boundaries but DISD is allowed to operate it as such under Texas law.[89]

Uplift Education, a charter school operator, has its administrative offices in Irving.[90]Uplift has two charter school campuses in Irving: Infinity Preparatory[91](K–12) and North Hills Preparatory (K–12).[92]

Winfree Academy Charter School[93]and Manara Academy Elementary[94]are in Irving.

Private

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Irving is home toCistercian Preparatory School,[95]auniversity-preparatory schoolfor boys, grades 5 through 12. Irving is also home toThe Highlands School,a university-preparatory school for pre-kindergarten through 12th grade.[96]

One Catholic Pre-K–8th grade school, Holy Family Catholic Academy,[97]is in Irving. Irving is also home to theIslamic School of Irving[98](Pre-K–12). The Sloan School[99](Pre-K–5) andStoneGate Christian Academy[100](K4–12) are Christian private schools in Irving.

Colleges and universities

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The city is the site of theUniversity of Dallas[101]andNorth Lake College,[102]a campus ofDallas College.In addition,DeVry University[103]has a campus in Irving.

Infrastructure

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Transportation

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Downtown Irving/Heritage Crossing stationin Irving

Several highways transverse Irving. The Airport Freeway,SH 183,runs east–west in the city center, while LBJ Freeway orI-635crosses the city's northern edge in the same direction. John Carpenter Freeway,SH 114,and thePresident George Bush Turnpikecreate an X running northwest-to-southeast and southwest-to-northeast respectively. The Las Colinas area is centered near the intersection of 114 and the Bush turnpike.

Irving is one of 13 member-cities of the Dallas region's transit agency,Dallas Area Rapid Transit(DART). Currently, Irving is served by numerous bus routes and has two stops along theTrinity Railway Expresscommuter railroute.[104]In addition, DART'sOrange Linethrough runs through Irving and Las Colinas to DFW Airport.[105]This connects northern Irving with Dallas through rail in addition to bus routes.

In 2015, 4.5 percent of Irving households lacked a car, which increased to 4.9 percent in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Irving averaged 1.75 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household.[106]

The Las Colinas Urban Center is served by theLas Colinas APT System,[107]a people-mover that connects businesses and entertainment areas.

Notable people

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Sister cities

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Irving'ssister citiesare:[124]

See also

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Notes

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References

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  2. ^"Education and Tax Information".City of Irving.RetrievedSeptember 21,2015.
  3. ^"2017 and 2018 Elections - 2017 Elections (1)"(PDF).Dallas County, Texas Democratic Party.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on January 11, 2021.RetrievedNovember 24,2019.
  4. ^"Meet Your Mayor and Council Members".City of Irving.RetrievedSeptember 21,2015.
  5. ^"Meet the City Manager".City of Irving.RetrievedFebruary 7,2023.
  6. ^"2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedAugust 7,2020.
  7. ^"U.S. Census website".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedFebruary 7,2023.
  8. ^ab"U.S. Census website".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedJanuary 31,2008.
  9. ^"US Board on Geographic Names".United States Geological Survey.October 25, 2007.RetrievedJanuary 31,2008.
  10. ^abc"Irving Is Known For Diversity".CBS 21 DFW.October 11, 2016.
  11. ^ab"The Most Diverse Cities Are Often The Most Segregated".FiveThirtyEight.May 1, 2015.
  12. ^ab"Irving (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau".census.gov.
  13. ^"Between the Forks".City of Irving – Irving Archives.
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  32. ^abBrettell, Caroline B. ' "Big D" Incorporating New Immigrants in a Sunbelt Suburban Metropolis' (Chapter 3). In: Singer, Audrey, Susan Wiley Hardwick, and Caroline Brettell.Twenty-First Century Gateways: Immigrant Incorporation in Suburban America(James A. Johnson metro series).Brookings Institution Press,2009.ISBN0815779283,9780815779285. Start p.53.CITED: p.-61
  33. ^Brettell, Caroline B. ' "Big D" Incorporating New Immigrants in a Sunbelt Suburban Metropolis' (Chapter 3). In: Singer, Audrey, Susan Wiley Hardwick, and Caroline Brettell.Twenty-First Century Gateways: Immigrant Incorporation in Suburban America(James A. Johnson metro series).Brookings Institution Press,2009.ISBN0815779283,9780815779285. Start p.53.CITED: p.60-61.
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  41. ^"Contact an office".RetrievedFebruary 5,2015.
  42. ^"HD Vest Financial Services".Archived fromthe originalon February 5, 2015.RetrievedFebruary 5,2015.
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  54. ^Vistra Energy website: Corporate Headquarters
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  58. ^"Website Terms and Conditions of Use".scouting.org.
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  66. ^"American Athletic Conference".RetrievedMay 20,2022.
  67. ^"Texas Stadium History".ProFootballReference.2020.
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Bibliography

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See also:Bibliography of the history of Irving, Texas
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