January 18

January 18 in recent years
2024 (Thursday)
2023 (Wednesday)
2022 (Tuesday)
2021 (Monday)
2020 (Saturday)
2019 (Friday)
2018 (Thursday)
2017 (Wednesday)
2016 (Monday)
2015 (Sunday)

January 18is the 18th day of the year in theGregorian calendar;347 days remain until the end of the year (348 inleap years).

Events

Pre-1600

474– Seven-year-oldLeo IIsucceeds his maternal grandfatherLeo IasByzantine emperor.^[1]He dies ten months later.
532–Nika riotsinConstantinoplefail.
1126–Emperor Huizongabdicates the Chinese throne in favour of his sonEmperor Qinzong.^[2]
1486– KingHenry VII of EnglandmarriesElizabeth of York,daughter ofEdward IV,uniting theHouse of Lancasterand theHouse of York.^[3]
1562–Pope Pius IVreopens theCouncil of Trentfor its third and final session.
1586– The magnitude 7.9Tenshō earthquakestrikesHonshu,Japan, killing 8,000 people and triggering atsunami.^[4]

1601–1900

1670–Henry Morgan captures Panama.
1701–Frederick Icrowns himself King inPrussiainKönigsberg.
1778–James Cookis the first known European to discover theHawaiian Islands,which he names the "Sandwich Islands".
1788– The first elements of theFirst Fleetcarrying 736 convicts fromGreat Britainto Australia arrive atBotany Bay.
1806–Jan Willem Janssenssurrenders theDutch Cape Colonyto the British.
1866–Wesley Collegeis established in Melbourne, Australia.^[5]
1871–Wilhelm I of Germanyis proclaimedKaiser Wilhelmin theHall of Mirrorsof thePalace of Versailles(France) towards the end of theFranco-Prussian War.Wilhelm already had the title ofGerman Emperorsince theconstitution of 1 January 1871,but he had hesitated to accept the title.^[6]
1886– Modernfield hockeyis born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England.
1896– AnX-ray generating machineis exhibited for the first time by H. L. Smith.

1901–present

1911–Eugene B. Elylands on the deck of theUSSPennsylvaniaanchored inSan Francisco Bay,the first time an aircraft landed on a ship.
1913–First Balkan War:AGreekflotilla defeats theOttoman Navyin theNaval Battle of Lemnos,securing the islands of the NorthernAegean Seafor Greece.
1915– Japan issues the "Twenty-One Demands"to theRepublic of Chinain a bid to increase its power in East Asia.
1919–World War I:TheParis Peace Conferenceopens inVersailles,France.
1919 –Ignacy Jan Paderewskibecomes Prime Minister of the newly independent Poland.
1941–World War II:British troopslaunch a general counter-offensiveagainstItalian East Africa.
1943–Warsaw Ghetto Uprising:The first uprising of Jews in theWarsaw Ghetto.
1945– World War II: Liberation ofKraków,Poland by theRed Army.
1958–Willie O'Ree,the firstBlack Canadian National Hockey Leagueplayer, makes his NHL debut with theBoston Bruins.
1960–Capital Airlines Flight 20crashes into a farm inCharles City County, Virginia,killing all 50 aboard, the third fatalCapital Airlinescrash in as many years.
1967–Albert DeSalvo,the "Boston Strangler",is convicted of numerous crimes and is sentenced to life imprisonment.^[7]
1969–United Airlines Flight 266crashes intoSanta Monica Baykilling all 32 passengers and six crew members.
1972– Members of theMukti Bahinilay down their arms to the government of the newly independentBangladesh,a month after winning the war against the occupyingPakistan Army.^[8]
1974–A Disengagement of Forces agreementis signed between theIsraeliandEgyptiangovernments, ending conflict on the Egyptian front of theYom Kippur War.
1976–Lebanese Christian militias kill at least 1,000 in Karantina, Beirut.
1977– Scientists at theCenters for Disease Control and Preventionannounce they have identified a previously unknownbacteriumas the cause of the mysteriousLegionnaires' disease.^[9]
1977 – Australia's worstrail disasteroccurs atGranville, Sydney,killing 83.
1977 –SFR Yugoslavia'sPrime minister,Džemal Bijedić,his wife and six others are killed in a plane crash inBosnia and Herzegovina.
1978– TheEuropean Court of Human Rightsfinds the United Kingdom's government guilty of mistreating prisoners inNorthern Ireland,but not guilty oftorture.
1981– Phil Smith and Phil Mayfield parachute off a Houston skyscraper, becoming the first two people toBASE jumpfrom objects in all four categories: buildings, antennae, spans (bridges), and earth (cliffs).
1983– TheInternational Olympic CommitteerestoresJim Thorpe's Olympic medals to his family.
1986– AnAerovías Sud Aviation Caravelle crasheson approach toMundo Maya International AirportinFlores, Petén,Guatemala, killing all 94 people on board.^[10]
1988–China Southwest Airlines Flight 4146crashes nearChongqing Baishiyi Airport,killing all 98 passengers and 10 crew members.^[11]
1990– Washington, D.C., MayorMarion Barryisarrested for drug possessionin anFBI sting.^[12]
1993–Martin Luther King, Jr. Dayis officially observed for the first time in all 50 US states.
2002– TheSierra Leone Civil Waris declared over.
2003– Abushfirekills four people and destroys more than 500 homes inCanberra,Australia.
2005– TheAirbus A380,the world's largest commercial jet, is unveiled at a ceremony inToulouse,France
2007– The strongest storm in the United Kingdom in 17 years kills 14 people and Germany sees the worst storm since1999with 13 deaths.Cyclone Kyrillcauses at least 44 deaths across 20 countries in Western Europe.
2008– TheEuphronios Krateris unveiled inRomeafter being returned to Italy by theMetropolitan Museum of Art.
2012– More than 115,000 websites engage in anonline protestagainst theStop Online Piracy Actand theProtect IP Actin theUS.^{[citation needed]}The websites involved viewed the laws as infringing on the right tofree speechand many of them temporarily shut down in protest.
2018– A bus catches fire on theSamara–Shymkentroad inYrgyz District,Aktobe,Kazakhstan.^[13]The fire kills 52 passengers, with three passengers and two drivers escaping.^[14]^[15]^[16]
2019–An oil pipeline explosionnearTlahuelilpan,Hidalgo, Mexico, kills 137 people.^[17]
2023–A helicopter crashinUkraineleaves 14 people dead, including the country'sInterior Minister,Denys Monastyrsky.^[18]

Births

Pre-1600

1404–Sir Philip Courtenay,English noble (d. 1463)
1457–Antonio Trivulzio, seniore,Roman Catholic cardinal (d. 1508)
1519–Isabella Jagiellon,Queen of Hungary (d. 1559)
1540–Catherine, Duchess of Braganza(d. 1614)

1601–1900

1641–François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois,French politician,Secretary of State for War(d. 1691)
1659–Damaris Cudworth Masham,English philosopher and theologian (d. 1708)
1672–Antoine Houdar de la Motte,French author (d. 1731)
1688–Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset,English politician,Lord Lieutenant of Ireland(d. 1765)
1689–Montesquieu,French lawyer and philosopher (d. 1755)
1701–Johann Jakob Moser,German jurist (d. 1785)
1734–Caspar Friedrich Wolff,German physiologist and embryologist (d. 1794)^[19]
1743–Louis Claude de Saint-Martin,French mystic and philosopher (d. 1803)
1751–Ferdinand Kauer,Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1831)
1752–John Nash,English architect (d. 1835)^[20]
1764–Samuel Whitbread,English politician (d. 1815)^[21]
1779–Peter Mark Roget,English physician, lexicographer, and theologian (d. 1869)
1782–Daniel Webster,American lawyer and politician, 14thUnited States Secretary of State(d. 1852)
1793–Pratap Singh Bhosle,Chhatrapatiof theMaratha Empire(d. 1847)
1815–Constantin von Tischendorf,German theologian and scholar (d. 1874)
1835–César Cui,Russian general, composer, and critic (d. 1918)
1840–Henry Austin Dobson,English poet and author (d. 1921)
1841–Emmanuel Chabrier,French pianist and composer (d. 1894)
1842–A. A. Ames,American physician and politician,Mayor of Minneapolis(d. 1911)
1843–Marthinus Nikolaas Ras,South African farmer, soldier, and gun-maker (d. 1900)^[22]
1848–Ioan Slavici,Romanian journalist and author (d. 1925)
1849–Edmund Barton,Australian judge and politician, 1stPrime Minister of Australia(d. 1920)
1850–Seth Low,American academic and politician, 92ndMayor of New York City(d. 1916)
1854–Thomas A. Watson,American assistant toAlexander Graham Bell(d. 1934)
1856–Daniel Hale Williams,American surgeon and cardiologist (d. 1931)
1867–Rubén Darío,Nicaraguan poet, journalist, and diplomat (d. 1916)
1868–Kantarō Suzuki,Japanese admiral and politician, 42ndPrime Minister of Japan(d. 1948)
1877–Sam Zemurray,Russian-American businessman, founded theCuyamel Fruit Company(d. 1961)
1879–Henri Giraud,French general and politician (d. 1949)
1880–Paul Ehrenfest,Austrian-Dutch physicist and academic (d. 1933)
1880 –Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster,Italian cardinal (d. 1954)
1881–Gaston Gallimard,French publisher, foundedÉditions Gallimard(d. 1975)
1882–A. A. Milne,English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1956)
1886–Clara Nordström,Swedish-German author and translator (d. 1962)
1888–Thomas Sopwith,English ice hockey player, sailor, and pilot (d. 1989)
1892–Oliver Hardy,American actor and comedian (d. 1957)^[23]
1892 –Bill Meanix,American hurdler and coach (d. 1957)
1892 –Paul Rostock,German surgeon and academic (d. 1956)
1893–Jorge Guillén,Spanish poet, critic, and academic (d. 1984)
1894–Toots Mondt,American wrestler and promoter (d. 1976)
1896–C. M. Eddy Jr.,American author (d. 1967)^[24]
1896 –Ville Ritola,Finnish-American runner (d. 1982)
1898–Albert Kivikas,Estonian journalist and author (d. 1978)

1901–present

1901–Ivan Petrovsky,Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1973)
1903–Berthold Goldschmidt,German pianist and composer (d. 1996)
1904–Anthony Galla-Rini,American accordion player and composer (d. 2006)
1904 –Cary Grant,English-American actor (d. 1986)^[25]
1905–Joseph Bonanno,Italian-American mob boss (d. 2002)
1907–János Ferencsik,Hungarian conductor (d. 1984)
1908–Jacob Bronowski,Polish-English mathematician, historian, and television host (d. 1974)
1910–Kenneth E. Boulding,English economist and academic (d. 1993)^[26]
1911–José María Arguedas,Peruvian anthropologist, author, and poet (d. 1969)
1911 –Danny Kaye,American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1987)^[25]
1913–Carroll Cloar,American artist (d. 1993)
1913 –Giannis Papaioannou,Greek composer (d. 1972)
1914–Arno Schmidt,German author and translator (d. 1979)
1914 –Vitomil Zupan,Slovene author, poet, and playwright (d. 1987)
1915–Syl Apps,Canadian pole vaulter, ice hockey player, and politician (d. 1998)
1915 –Santiago Carrillo,Spanish soldier and politician (d. 2012)
1915 –Vassilis Tsitsanis,Greek singer-songwriter andbouzoukiplayer (d. 1984)
1917–Nicholas Oresko,American sergeant,Medal of Honorrecipient (d. 2013)
1917 –Wang Yung-ching,Taiwanese-American businessman (d. 2008)
1918–Gustave Gingras,Canadian-English physician and educator (d. 1996)
1919–Toni Turek,German footballer (d. 1984)
1921–Yoichiro Nambu,Japanese-American physicist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate (d. 2015)
1923–John Graham,General Officer Commanding (GOC) Wales (d. 2012)
1923 –Gerrit Voorting,Dutch cyclist (d. 2015)
1925–Gilles Deleuze,French metaphysician and philosopher (d. 1995)
1925 –John V. Evans,American soldier and politician, 27thGovernor of Idaho(d. 2014)
1925 –Sol Yurick,American soldier and author (d. 2013)
1926–Randolph Bromery,American geologist and academic (d. 2013)
1927–S. Balachander,Indian actor, singer, andveenaplayer (d. 1990)
1928–Alexander Gomelsky,Soviet and Russian professional basketball coach (d. 2005)
1930–Esther Coopersmith,American diplomat,UNESCO goodwill ambassador(d. 2024).^[27]
1931–Chun Doo-hwan,South Korean general and politician, 5thPresident of South Korea(d. 2021)
1932–Robert Anton Wilson,American psychologist, author, poet, and playwright (d. 2007)
1933–Emeka Anyaoku,Nigerian politician, 8thNigerian Minister of Foreign Affairs
1933 –David Bellamy,English botanist, author and academic (d. 2019)
1933 –John Boorman,English director, producer, and screenwriter^[25]
1933 –Ray Dolby,American engineer and businessman, foundedDolby Laboratories(d. 2013)^[25]
1933 –William Goodhart, Baron Goodhart,English lawyer and politician (d. 2017)
1933 –Frank McMullen,New Zealand rugby player (d. 2004)
1933 –Jean Vuarnet,French ski racer (d. 2017)
1934–Raymond Briggs,English author and illustrator (d. 2022)^[28]
1935–Eddie Jones,British illustrator (d. 1999)^[29]
1935 –Albert Millaire,Canadian actor and director (d. 2018)
1935 –Jon Stallworthy,English poet, critic, and academic (d. 2014)
1935 –Gad Yaacobi,Israeli academic and diplomat, 10thIsrael Ambassador to the United Nations(d. 2007)
1936–Tim Barlow,English actor (d. 2023)^[30]
1936 –David Howell, Baron Howell of Guildford,English journalist and politician,Secretary of State for Transport
1937–John Hume,Northern Irish educator and politician,Nobel Prizelaureate (d. 2020)^[25]
1938–Curt Flood,American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1997)^[25]
1938 –Anthony Giddens,English sociologist and academic
1938 –Werner Olk,German footballer and manager
1938 –Hargus "Pig" Robbins,American musician (d. 2022)
1940–Pedro Rodriguez,Mexican race car driver (d. 1971)
1941–Denise Bombardier,Canadian journalist and author (d. 2023)
1941 –Bobby Goldsboro,American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer^[31]
1941 –David Ruffin,American singer (d. 1991)^[25]
1943–Paul Freeman,English actor
1943 –Kay Granger,American educator and politician
1943 –Dave Greenslade,English keyboard player and composer
1943 –Charlie Wilson,American businessman and politician (d. 2013)
1944–Paul Keating,Australian economist and politician, 24thPrime Minister of Australia
1944 –Carl Morton,American baseball player (d. 1983)
1944 –Kei Ogura,Japanese singer-songwriter and composer
1944 –Alexander Van der Bellen,President of Austria^[32]
1945–Rocco Forte,English businessman and philanthropist
1946–Perro Aguayo,Mexican wrestler (d. 2019)
1946 –Joseph Deiss,Swiss economist and politician, 156thPresident of the Swiss Confederation
1946 –Henrique Rosa,Bissau-Guinean politician,President of Guinea-Bissau(d. 2013)
1947–Sachio Kinugasa,Japanese baseball player and journalist (d. 2018)
1947 –Takeshi Kitano,Japanese actor and director
1949–Bill Keller,American journalist
1949 –Philippe Starck,French interior designer
1950–Gianfranco Brancatelli,Italian race car driver
1950 –Gilles Villeneuve,Canadian race car driver (d. 1982)
1951–Bram Behr,Surinamese journalist and activist (d. 1982)
1951 –Bob Latchford,English footballer
1952–Michael Behe,American biochemist, author, and academic
1952 –R. Stevie Moore,American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1953–Brett Hudson,American singer-songwriter and producer^[31]
1953 –B. K. Misra,Indian neurosurgeon^[33]
1953 –Peter Moon,Australian comedian and actor
1954–Ted DiBiase,American wrestler^[34]
1955–Kevin Costner,American actor, director, and producer^[31]
1956–Paul Deighton, Baron Deighton,English banker and politician
1960–Mark Rylance,English actor, director, and playwright^[31]
1961–Peter Beardsley,English footballer and manager
1961 –Bob Hansen,American basketball player and sportscaster
1961 –Mark Messier,Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster
1961 –Jeff Yagher,American actor and sculptor
1962–Alison Arngrim,Canadian-American actress^[31]
1963–Maxime Bernier,Canadian lawyer and politician, 7thMinister of Foreign Affairs for Canada
1963 –Ian Crook,English footballer and manager^[35]
1963 –Carl McCoy,English singer-songwriter
1963 –Martin O'Malley,American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 61stGovernor of Maryland
1964–Brady Anderson,American baseball player
1964 –Richard Dunwoody,Northern Irish jockey and sportscaster
1964 –Virgil Hill,American boxer
1964 –Jane Horrocks,English actress and singer^[31]
1966–Alexander Khalifman,Russian chess player and author
1966 –Kazufumi Miyazawa,Japanese singer
1966 –André Ribeiro,Brazilian race car driver (d. 2021)
1967–Dean Bailey,Australian footballer and coach (d. 2014)
1967 –Iván Zamorano,Chilean footballer
1969–Dave Bautista,American wrestler, mixed martial artist, and actor^[31]
1969 –Jesse L. Martin,American actor and singer^[31]
1969 –Jim O'Rourke,American guitarist and producer
1970–DJ Quik,American rapper and producer^[31]
1970 –Peter Van Petegem,Belgian cyclist
1971–Amy Barger,American astronomer
1971 –Jonathan Davis,American singer-songwriter^[31]
1971 –Christian Fittipaldi,Brazilian race car driver
1971 –Pep Guardiola,Spanish footballer and manager
1971 –Binyavanga Wainaina,Kenyan writer (d. 2019)
1972–Vinod Kambli,Indian cricketer, sportscaster, and actor
1972 –Mike Lieberthal,American baseball player
1972 –Kjersti Plätzer,Norwegian race walker
1973–Burnie Burns,American actor, director, and producer, co-foundedRooster Teeth Productions
1973 –Luke Goodwin,Australian rugby league player and coach
1973 –Benjamin Jealous,American civic leader and activist
1973 –Joe Kehoskie,American baseball executive^[36]
1973 –Anthony Koutoufides,Australian footballer
1973 –Crispian Mills,English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and director
1973 –Rolando Schiavi,Argentinian footballer and coach
1974–Christian Burns,English singer-songwriter^[31]
1976–Laurence Courtois,Belgian tennis player
1976 –Marcelo Gallardo,Argentinian footballer and coach
1976 –Damien Leith,Irish-Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1976 –Derek Richardson,American actor^[31]
1977–Richard Archer,English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1978–Brian Falkenborg,American baseball player
1978 –Thor Hushovd,Norwegian cyclist
1978 –Bogdan Lobonț,Romanian footballer
1979–Ruslan Fedotenko,Ukrainian ice hockey player
1979 –Paulo Ferreira,Portuguese footballer
1979 –Brian Gionta,American ice hockey player
1979 –Kenyatta Jones,American football player (d. 2018)
1979 –Wandy Rodriguez,Dominican baseball player^[37]
1980–Estelle,English singer-songwriter and producer
1980 –Robert Green,English footballer
1980 –Kert Haavistu,Estonian footballer and manager
1980 –Julius Peppers,American football player
1980 –Jason Segel,American actor and screenwriter^[31]
1981–Gang Dong-won,South Korean actor
1981 –Olivier Rochus,Belgian tennis player
1981 –Khari Stephenson,Jamaican footballer
1982–Quinn Allman,American guitarist and producer
1982 –Mary Jepkosgei Keitany,Kenyan runner
1983–Amir Blumenfeld,Israeli-American comedian, actor, director, and screenwriter
1983 –Samantha Mumba,Irish singer-songwriter and actress^[31]
1984–Seung-Hui Cho,South Korean mass murderer (d. 2007)
1984 –Kristy Lee Cook,American singer-songwriter
1984 –Ioannis Drymonakos,Greek swimmer
1984 –Makoto Hasebe,Japanese footballer
1984 –Michael Kearney,American biochemist and academic
1984 –Benji Schwimmer,American dancer and choreographer
1984 –Viktoria Shklover,Estonian figure skater
1985–Dale Begg-Smith,Canadian-Australian skier
1985 –Mark Briscoe,American wrestler
1985 –Riccardo Montolivo,Italian footballer
1985 –Hyun Woo,South Korean actor
1986–Marya Roxx,Estonian-American singer-songwriter
1986 –Becca Tobin,American actress, singer, and dancer^[25]
1986 –Ikusaburo Yamazaki,Japanese actor and singer
1986 –Eugene Lee Yang,Korean-American actor, filmmaker, and activist^[38]
1987–Johan Djourou,Swiss footballer
1987 –Christopher Liebig,German rugby player
1987 –Grigoris Makos,Greek footballer
1988–Ronnie Day,American singer-songwriter
1988 –Angelique Kerber,German tennis player
1988 –Anastasios Kissas,Greek footballer
1988 –Ashleigh Murray,American actress and singer^[31]
1988 –Boy van Poppel,Dutch cyclist
1989–Rubén Miño,Spanish footballer
1989 –Michael Pineda,Dominican baseball player^[39]
1990–Gorgui Dieng,Senegalese basketball player^[40]
1990 –Hayle Ibrahimov,Ethiopian-Azerbaijani runner
1990 –Brett Lawrie,Canadian baseball player^[41]
1990 –Nacho,Spanish footballer
1990 –Gift Ngoepe,South African baseball player
1990 –Alex Pietrangelo,Canadian ice hockey player^[42]
1990 –Zeeko Zaki,Egyptian-American actor^[31]
1991–Douglas Wreden,a.k.a DougDoug, American streamer^[43]
1992–Francesco Bardi,Italian footballer
1993–Sean Keenan,Australian actor
1993 –Juan Fernando Quintero,Colombian footballer^[44]
1994–Max Fried,American baseball player^[45]
1994 –Kang Ji-young,South Korean singer^[46]
1994 –Ilona Kremen,Belarusian tennis player
1995–Bryce Alford,American basketball player
1995 –Leonard Fournette,American football player^[47]
1995 –Samu Castillejo,Spanish footballer^[48]
1997–Denis Malgin,Swiss ice hockey player^[49]
1998–Aitana Bonmatí,Spanish footballer
1998 –Lisandro Martínez,Argentinian footballer^[50]
1998 –Éder Militão,Brazilian footballer^[51]
1999–Karan Brar,American actor^[52]
1999 –Tee Higgins,American football player^[53]
1999 –Djorkaeff Reasco,Ecuadorian footballer^[54]
1999 –Gary Trent Jr.,American basketball player^[55]
1999 –Mateus Ward,American actor^[31]
2002–Anastasia Zakharova,Russian tennis player^[56]
2002 –Ki-Jana Hoever,Dutch footballer^[57]
2002 –Karim Adeyemi,German footballer^[58]
2010–Sophia Reid-Gantzert,Canadian actress and dancer^[59]

Deaths

Pre-1600

52 BC–Publius Clodius Pulcher,Roman politician (b. 93 BC)
474–Leo I,Byzantine emperor (b. 401)
748–Odilo,duke ofBavaria
896–Khumarawayh ibn Ahmad ibn Tulun,ruler of theTulunids,murdered (b. 864)
1213–Tamar of Georgia(b. 1160)
1253– KingHenry I of Cyprus(b. 1217)
1271–Saint Margaret of Hungary(b. 1242)
1326–Robert FitzWalter, 1st Baron FitzWalter,English baron (b. 1247)
1357–Maria of Portugal,infanta (b. 1313)
1367–Peter I of Portugal(b. 1320)
1411–Jobst of Moravia,ruler ofMoravia,King of the Romans
1425–Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March,English politician (b. 1391)
1451–Henry II, Count of Nassau-Siegen(1442–1451) (b.1414)^[60]
1471–Emperor Go-Hanazonoof Japan (b. 1419)
1479–Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria(b. 1417)
1547–Pietro Bembo,Italian cardinal and scholar (b. 1470)
1586–Margaret of Parma(b. 1522)
1589–Magnus Heinason,Faroese naval hero (b. 1545)

1601–1900

1677–Jan van Riebeeck,Dutch politician, foundedCape Town(b. 1619)
1756–Francis George of Schönborn-Buchheim,Archbishop-Elector of Trier (b. 1682)
1783–Jeanne Quinault,French actress and playwright (b. 1699)
1803–Ippolit Bogdanovich,Russian poet and academic (b. 1743)
1849–Panoutsos Notaras,Greek politician (b. 1752)
1862–John Tyler,American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 10thPresident of the United States(b. 1790)
1873–Edward Bulwer-Lytton,English author, poet, playwright, and politician,Secretary of State for the Colonies(b. 1803)
1878–Antoine César Becquerel,French physicist and academic (b. 1788)
1886–Baldassare Verazzi,Italian painter (b. 1819)
1892–Anton Anderledy,Swiss religious leader, 23rdSuperior General of the Society of Jesus(b. 1819)
1896–Charles Floquet,French lawyer and politician, 55thPrime Minister of France(b. 1828)

1901–present

1923–Wallace Reid,American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1891)
1934–Joseph Devlin,Northern Irish political leader of theNationalist Party (Northern Ireland)(b. 1871)^[61]
1936–Hermanus Brockmann,Dutch rower (b. 1871)
1936 –Rudyard Kipling,English author and poet,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1865)
1940–Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer,Polish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1865)
1951–Amy Carmichael,Irish missionary and humanitarian (b. 1867)^[62]
1952–Curly Howard,American actor (b. 1903)
1954–Sydney Greenstreet,English-American actor (b. 1879)
1955–Saadat Hasan Manto,Pakistani author and screenwriter (b. 1912)
1956–Makbule Atadan,Turkish lawyer and politician (b. 1885)
1956 –Konstantin Päts,Estonian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 1stPresident of Estonia(b. 1874)
1963–Hugh Gaitskell,English academic and politician,Chancellor of the Exchequer(b. 1906)
1966–Kathleen Norris,American journalist and author (b. 1880)
1967–Goose Tatum,American basketball player and soldier (b. 1921)
1969–Hans Freyer,German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1887)
1970–David O. McKay,American religious leader, 9thPresident of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints(b. 1873)
1971–Virgil Finlay,American illustrator (b. 1914)
1973–Irina Nikolaevna Levchenko,Russian tank commander (b. 1924)
1975–Gertrude Olmstead,American actress (b. 1897)
1978–Hasan Askari,Pakistani philosopher and author (b. 1919)
1980–Cecil Beaton,English fashion designer and photographer (b. 1904)
1984–Panteleimon Ponomarenko,Belarusian general and politician (b. 1902)
1984 –Vassilis Tsitsanis,Greek singer-songwriter andbouzoukiplayer (b. 1915)
1989–Bruce Chatwin,English-French author (b. 1940)
1990–Melanie Appleby,English singer (b. 1966)
1990 –Rusty Hamer,American actor (b. 1947)
1993–Dionysios Zakythinos,Greek historian, academic, and politician (b. 1905)
1995–Adolf Butenandt,German biochemist and academic,Nobel Prizelaureate (b. 1903)
1995 –Ron Luciano,American baseball player and umpire (b. 1937)
1996–N. T. Rama Rao,Indian actor, director, producer, and politician, 10thChief Minister of Andhra Pradesh(b. 1923)
1997–Paul Tsongas,American lawyer and politician (b. 1941)
1998–Dan Georgiadis,Greek footballer and manager (b. 1922)
2000–Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky,Austrian architect (b. 1897)
2001–Laurent-Désiré Kabila,President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo(b. 1939)
2003–Ed Farhat,American wrestler and trainer (b. 1924)
2003 –Harivansh Rai Bachchan,Indian poet and author (b. 1907)
2004–Galina Gavrilovna Korchuganova,Russian-born Soviet test pilot andaerobaticschampion (b. 1935)^[63]
2005–Lamont Bentley,American actor and rapper (b. 1973)
2006–Jan Twardowski,Polish priest and poet (b. 1915)
2007–Brent Liles,American bass player (b. 1963)
2008–Georgia Frontiere,American businesswoman and philanthropist (b. 1927)
2008 –Frank Lewin,American composer and theorist (b. 1925)
2008 –Lois Nettleton,American actress (b. 1927)
2008 –John Stroger,American politician (b. 1929)
2009–Tony Hart,English painter and television host (b. 1925)
2009 –Nora Kovach,Hungarian-American ballerina (b. 1931)
2009 –Danai Stratigopoulou,Greek singer-songwriter (b. 1913)
2009 –Grigore Vieru,Romanian poet and author (b. 1935)
2010–Kate McGarrigle,Canadian musician and singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
2010 –Robert B. Parker,American author and academic (b. 1932)
2011–Sargent Shriver,American politician and diplomat, 21stUnited States Ambassador to France(b. 1915)
2012–Anthony Gonsalves,Indian composer and educator (b. 1927)
2012 –Georg Lassen,German captain (b. 1915)
2012 –Yuri Rasovsky,American playwright and producer, foundedThe National Radio Theater of Chicago(b. 1944)
2013–Sean Fallon,Irish footballer and manager (b. 1922)
2013 –Jim Horning,American computer scientist and academic (b. 1942)
2013 –Jon Mannah,Australian rugby league player (b. 1989)
2013 –Lewis Marnell,Australian skateboarder (b. 1982)
2013 –Ron Nachman,Israeli lawyer and politician (b. 1942)
2014–Kathryn Abbe,American photographer and author (b. 1919)
2014 –Michael Botmang,Nigerian politician, 17thGovernor of Plateau State(b. 1938)
2014 –Dennis Frederiksen,American singer-songwriter (b. 1951)
2014 –Andy Graver,English footballer (b. 1927)
2014 –Sarah Marshall,English actress (b. 1933)
2014 –Eugenio Cruz Vargas,Chilean poet and painter (b. 1923)
2015–Alberto Nisman,Argentinian lawyer and prosecutor (b. 1963)
2015 –Christine Valmy,Romanian cosmetologist and author (b. 1926)
2015 –Piet van der Sanden,Dutch journalist and politician (b. 1924)
2015 –Tony Verna,American director and producer, inventedinstant replay(b. 1933)
2016–Johnny Bach,American basketball player and coach (b. 1924)
2016 –Glenn Frey,American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (b. 1948)
2016 –T. S. Sinnathuray,Judge of theHigh Court of Singapore(b. 1930)
2016 –Michel Tournier,French journalist and author (b. 1924)
2017–Peter Abrahams,South African-Jamaican writer (b. 1919)
2017 –Rachael Heyhoe Flint, Baroness Heyhoe Flint,English cricketer, businesswoman and philanthropist (b. 1939)
2017 –Roberta Peters,American coloratura soprano (b. 1930)
2019–John Coughlin,American figure skater (b. 1985)^[64]
2022–Francisco Gento,Spanish football player (b. 1933)^[65]
2022 –Yvette Mimieux,American actress (b. 1942)^[66]
2022 –André Leon Talley,American fashion journalist (b. 1948)^[67]
2023–David Crosby,American singer-songwriter (b. 1941)^[68]

Holidays and observances

Christianfeast day:
Royal Thai Armed Forces Day(Thailand)

References

^Meijer, Fik(31 July 2004).Emperors Don't Die in Bed.Routledge. p. 158.ISBN 1-134-38405-X.
^Mote, Frederick W.(2003).Imperial China 900-1800.Harvard University Press. p. 105.ISBN 978-0-674-01212-7.
^BIRCHALL, James (1861).England under the Tudors and Stuarts: a history of two centuries of revolution, etc.Simpkin, Marshall & Company. p. 3.
^National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972),Significant Earthquake Database(Data Set),National Geophysical Data Center,NOAA,doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
^The Wesleyan Sunday-school magazine [afterw.] The Wesleyan methodist Sunday school magazine.1866. p. 118.
^Headlam, James Wycliffe (1899). Abbott, Evelyn (ed.).Bismarck and the Foundation of the German Empire.G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 370.OCLC 1041634868– viaWikisource.[scan]
^Anglin, Robert J. (January 19, 1967). "DeSalvo Guilty, Insanity Ruled Out — Bailey to Appeal Life Sentence".The Boston Globe.p. A1.
^"Bangladesh Guerrilla Fighters Give Up Arms In Dhaka".Associated Press. 18 January 1972.
^Garrett, Laurie (1994).The Coming Plague: Newly Emerging Diseases in a World Out of Balance.New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 189.ISBN 9780374126469.
^"ASN Aircraft accident Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle III HC-BAE".Aviation Safety Network.Retrieved1 October2013.
^Ranter, Harro."ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-18D B-222 Chongqing Baishiyi Airport".aviation-safety.net.Aviation Safety Network.Retrieved2022-01-17.
^LaFraniere, Sharon (January 19, 1990)."Barry Arrested on Cocaine Charges in Undercover FBI, Police Operation".The Washington Post.p. A1.RetrievedJanuary 26,2024.
^"Heathrow 'needs a third runway'".BBC News.25 June 2008.Retrieved17 October2008.
^"Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan Open Investigations Of Bus Inferno That Killed 52".RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty.19 January 2018.Retrieved19 January2018.
^Gigova, Radina."52 killed in Kazakhstan bus fire".CNN.Retrieved18 January2018.
^Drewett, Zoe (18 January 2018)."52 people killed when bus bursts into flames on motorway".Metro.Retrieved18 January2018.
^Bremner, Matthew (26 June 2019)."A Gas Heist Gone Wrong, an Explosion, and 137 Deaths in Mexico".Bloomberg.Retrieved22 January2022.
^Kottasová, Ivana; Kostenko, Maria; Tanno, Sophie; Swails, Brent (18 January 2023)."Helicopter crash near Kyiv kills 14, including Ukrainian interior minister".CNN.Archivedfrom the original on January 18, 2023.Retrieved18 January2023.
^"Brozović D., Ladan T. Caspar Friedrich Wolff // Hrvatska enciklopedijar".
^Tyack 2013, p. 2
^Thorne, R. G. (1986).The House of Commons.Boydell & Brewer. p. 528.ISBN 978-0-436-52101-0.
^L.S. Bothma; C.M. Woest; L. Groesbeek (2005).Ras-Geslagsregister.L.S. Botma & C.M. Woest. p. 6.ISBN 0-620-32329-9.
^Everson, William K. (1967).The Films of Laurel and Hardy.New York: Citadel Press. p. 11.ISBN 9780806501468.
^Abrams, Ken (January 18, 2024)."This Day in RI History: January 18, 1896 – Author C.M. Eddy Jr. is born in Providence".WhatsUpNewp.com.RetrievedJanuary 18,2024.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h"Famous birthdays for Jan. 18: Ashleigh Murray, Kevin Costner".UPI.18 January 2023.Retrieved17 January2024.
^Alshamy, Yahya; Coyne, Christopher J. (Fall 2023)."Kenneth Boulding: Knowledge, Conflict, and Power".The Independent Review.Vol. 28, no. 2. pp. 237–246.ISSN 1086-1653.Retrieved26 March2024.
^Langer, Emily (March 28, 2024)."Esther Coopersmith, Washington diplomat and doyenne, dies at 94".The Washington Post.RetrievedMarch 29,2024.
^"Raymond Briggs obituary".the Guardian.10 August 2022.Retrieved11 August2022.
^"Jones, Eddie".Encyclopedia of Science Fiction.February 13, 2023.RetrievedFebruary 1,2024.
^Barlow, Tim(26 October 2008)."Unheard Voices: Interviews With Deafened People: Tim Barlow"(PDF).Hearing Link(British Library ref. C1345/05). Interviewed by Pam Blackman. British Library. p. 1.Retrieved22 January2023.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^qRose, Mike (18 January 2023)."Today's famous birthdays list for January 18, 2023 includes celebrities Kevin Costner, Dave Bautista".The Plain Dealer.Associated Press.Retrieved17 January2024.
^"Austrian Presidential Election: Alexander van der Bellen Sworn In".Archived fromthe originalon 2019-01-19.Retrieved2019-01-19.
^http://www.neurosocietyindia.org/site/Past-president/Basant%20Kumar%20Misra,%20President%20NSI%202008.pdf^{[bare URL PDF]}
^Mac, Eddie (18 January 2015)."This Day in Wrestling History (January 18)".CageSide Seats.Retrieved17 January2024.
^"Ian CROOK".sporting-heroes.net.Retrieved17 January2020.
^Michael, Matt (22 December 1998). "From Cuba with Trust".Syracuse Post-Standard.
^"Wandy Rodriguez".MLB.com.Retrieved9 November2022.
^Eugene Lee Yang [@EugeneLeeYang] (January 18, 2022)."Turning 36 today. Celebrating with my dogs and houseplants"(Tweet) – viaTwitter.
^"Michael Pineda".MLB.com.Retrieved9 November2022.
^"Gorgui Dieng".National Basketball Association.Retrieved17 January2024.
^"Brett Lawrie".MLB.com.Retrieved9 November2022.
^"Alex Pietrangelo".National Hockey League.Retrieved17 January2024.
^Wreden, Doug [@DougDougFood] (January 18, 2020)."29 years ago today I erupted from my mother's vagina"(Tweet) – viaTwitter.
^"Juan Fernando Quintero".soccerbase.com.Retrieved18 January2024.
^"Max Fried".MLB.com.Retrieved9 November2022.
^Mark Russell (29 April 2014).K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution.Tuttle Publishing. p. 94.ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1.
^"Leonard Fournette".ESPN.Retrieved15 January2023.
^"Samu Castillejo".soccerbase.com.Retrieved18 January2024.
^"Denis Malgin".National Hockey League.Retrieved17 January2024.
^"Lisandro Martínez".Premier League.Retrieved18 January2024.
^"Éder Militão".Real Madrid C.F.Retrieved18 January2024.
^"Karan Brar -" Ravi Ross "".DisneyChannelMedianet.com.Archived fromthe originalon October 20, 2013.RetrievedJanuary 17,2024.
^"Tee Higgins".ESPN.Retrieved15 January2023.
^"Djorkaeff Reasco".ESPN.Retrieved8 February2024.
^"Gary Trent Jr".National Basketball Association.Retrieved17 January2024.
^"Anastasia Zakharova | Player Stats & More – WTA Official".Women's Tennis Association.Retrieved2022-10-18.
^"Ki-Jana Hoever".Premier League.Retrieved18 January2024.
^"Karim Adeyemi".Bundesliga.Retrieved18 January2024.
^Reid-Gantzert, Sophia [@sophiareidgantzert] (January 18, 2024)."14?!?! #14 #14th #14thbirthday #birthday #bday #sophiareidgantzert #sophiareid #actress #acting".RetrievedMay 30,2024– viaInstagram.
^Van den Berg, F.M. (1992). "Een Nassau's graf in Italië". In Van der Klooster, L.J.; Tiethoff-Spliethoff, M.E.; Tamse, C.A. & Elzenga, E. (eds.).Militaire entourage rondom Oranje en andere bijdragen over het Huis van Oranje. Oranje-Nassau Museum Jaarboek 1992(in Dutch). Zutphen: Walburg Pers. p. 89.ISBN 90-6011-812-X.
^McMahon, Seán (2011),Wee Joe: the life of Joseph Devlin,Belfast: Brehon Press, ISBN 978-1-905474-35-6
^Hoadley Dick, Lois (1984).Amy Carmichael: Let the Little Children Come.Chicago: Moody Press. p. 5.ISBN 978-0-80240-433-6.
^Bouraia, Marina (May–June 2004)."Galina Gavrilovna Korchuganova"(PDF).International Women Pilots Magazine.30(3): 21.
^Brennan, Christine."Former U.S. figure skating champion dies by suicide after being suspended from sport".USA TODAY.
^"Real Madrid great Gento dies aged 88".Reuters.2022-01-18.Retrieved2022-01-18.
^"Yvette Mimieux Dies; Actress/Writer Who Starred In 'The Time Machine' Had Just Turned 80".Deadline Hollywood.18 January 2022.Retrieved18 January2022.
^"Notable deaths in 2022".Reuters.Retrieved2022-05-02.
^Dolan, Jon; Greene, Andy (2023-01-19)."David Crosby, Iconoclastic Rocker, Dead at 81".Rolling Stone.Retrieved2023-01-20.

External links

[1] Meijer, Fik(31 July 2004).Emperors Don't Die in Bed.Routledge. p. 158.ISBN 1-134-38405-X.

[2] Mote, Frederick W.(2003).Imperial China 900-1800.Harvard University Press. p. 105.ISBN 978-0-674-01212-7.

[3] BIRCHALL, James (1861).England under the Tudors and Stuarts: a history of two centuries of revolution, etc.Simpkin, Marshall & Company. p. 3.

[NGDC-4] National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972),Significant Earthquake Database(Data Set),National Geophysical Data Center,NOAA,doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K

[5] The Wesleyan Sunday-school magazine [afterw.] The Wesleyan methodist Sunday school magazine.1866. p. 118.

[6] Headlam, James Wycliffe (1899). Abbott, Evelyn (ed.).Bismarck and the Foundation of the German Empire.G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 370.OCLC 1041634868– viaWikisource.[scan]

[7] Anglin, Robert J. (January 19, 1967). "DeSalvo Guilty, Insanity Ruled Out — Bailey to Appeal Life Sentence".The Boston Globe.p. A1.

[AP_Archive-8] "Bangladesh Guerrilla Fighters Give Up Arms In Dhaka".Associated Press. 18 January 1972.

[9] Garrett, Laurie (1994).The Coming Plague: Newly Emerging Diseases in a World Out of Balance.New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 189.ISBN 9780374126469.

[ASN-10] "ASN Aircraft accident Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle III HC-BAE".Aviation Safety Network.Retrieved1 October2013.

[11] Ranter, Harro."ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-18D B-222 Chongqing Baishiyi Airport".aviation-safety.net.Aviation Safety Network.Retrieved2022-01-17.

[12] LaFraniere, Sharon (January 19, 1990)."Barry Arrested on Cocaine Charges in Undercover FBI, Police Operation".The Washington Post.p. A1.RetrievedJanuary 26,2024.

[bbc1-13] "Heathrow 'needs a third runway'".BBC News.25 June 2008.Retrieved17 October2008.

[RFERL1-14] "Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan Open Investigations Of Bus Inferno That Killed 52".RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty.19 January 2018.Retrieved19 January2018.

[cnn-15] Gigova, Radina."52 killed in Kazakhstan bus fire".CNN.Retrieved18 January2018.

[metro1-16] Drewett, Zoe (18 January 2018)."52 people killed when bus bursts into flames on motorway".Metro.Retrieved18 January2018.

[17] Bremner, Matthew (26 June 2019)."A Gas Heist Gone Wrong, an Explosion, and 137 Deaths in Mexico".Bloomberg.Retrieved22 January2022.

[18] Kottasová, Ivana; Kostenko, Maria; Tanno, Sophie; Swails, Brent (18 January 2023)."Helicopter crash near Kyiv kills 14, including Ukrainian interior minister".CNN.Archivedfrom the original on January 18, 2023.Retrieved18 January2023.

[19] "Brozović D., Ladan T. Caspar Friedrich Wolff // Hrvatska enciklopedijar".

[20] Tyack 2013, p. 2

[21] Thorne, R. G. (1986).The House of Commons.Boydell & Brewer. p. 528.ISBN 978-0-436-52101-0.

[22] L.S. Bothma; C.M. Woest; L. Groesbeek (2005).Ras-Geslagsregister.L.S. Botma & C.M. Woest. p. 6.ISBN 0-620-32329-9.

[23] Everson, William K. (1967).The Films of Laurel and Hardy.New York: Citadel Press. p. 11.ISBN 9780806501468.

[24] Abrams, Ken (January 18, 2024)."This Day in RI History: January 18, 1896 – Author C.M. Eddy Jr. is born in Providence".WhatsUpNewp.com.RetrievedJanuary 18,2024.

[UPI-25] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h"Famous birthdays for Jan. 18: Ashleigh Murray, Kevin Costner".UPI.18 January 2023.Retrieved17 January2024.

[26] Alshamy, Yahya; Coyne, Christopher J. (Fall 2023)."Kenneth Boulding: Knowledge, Conflict, and Power".The Independent Review.Vol. 28, no. 2. pp. 237–246.ISSN 1086-1653.Retrieved26 March2024.

[27] Langer, Emily (March 28, 2024)."Esther Coopersmith, Washington diplomat and doyenne, dies at 94".The Washington Post.RetrievedMarch 29,2024.

[28] "Raymond Briggs obituary".the Guardian.10 August 2022.Retrieved11 August2022.

[29] "Jones, Eddie".Encyclopedia of Science Fiction.February 13, 2023.RetrievedFebruary 1,2024.

[barlowinterview-30] Barlow, Tim(26 October 2008)."Unheard Voices: Interviews With Deafened People: Tim Barlow"(PDF).Hearing Link(British Library ref. C1345/05). Interviewed by Pam Blackman. British Library. p. 1.Retrieved22 January2023.

[AP-31] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^qRose, Mike (18 January 2023)."Today's famous birthdays list for January 18, 2023 includes celebrities Kevin Costner, Dave Bautista".The Plain Dealer.Associated Press.Retrieved17 January2024.

[32] "Austrian Presidential Election: Alexander van der Bellen Sworn In".Archived fromthe originalon 2019-01-19.Retrieved2019-01-19.

[33] ttp://www.neurosocietyindia.org/site/Past-president/Basant%20Kumar%20Misra,%20President%20NSI%202008.pdf^{[bare URL PDF]}

[34] Mac, Eddie (18 January 2015)."This Day in Wrestling History (January 18)".CageSide Seats.Retrieved17 January2024.

[35] "Ian CROOK".sporting-heroes.net.Retrieved17 January2020.

[From_Cuba_with_Trust-36] Michael, Matt (22 December 1998). "From Cuba with Trust".Syracuse Post-Standard.

[37] "Wandy Rodriguez".MLB.com.Retrieved9 November2022.

[38] Eugene Lee Yang [@EugeneLeeYang] (January 18, 2022)."Turning 36 today. Celebrating with my dogs and houseplants"(Tweet) – viaTwitter.

[39] "Michael Pineda".MLB.com.Retrieved9 November2022.

[40] "Gorgui Dieng".National Basketball Association.Retrieved17 January2024.

[41] "Brett Lawrie".MLB.com.Retrieved9 November2022.

[42] "Alex Pietrangelo".National Hockey League.Retrieved17 January2024.

[43] Wreden, Doug [@DougDougFood] (January 18, 2020)."29 years ago today I erupted from my mother's vagina"(Tweet) – viaTwitter.

[44] "Juan Fernando Quintero".soccerbase.com.Retrieved18 January2024.

[45] "Max Fried".MLB.com.Retrieved9 November2022.

[46] Mark Russell (29 April 2014).K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution.Tuttle Publishing. p. 94.ISBN 978-1-4629-1411-1.

[47] "Leonard Fournette".ESPN.Retrieved15 January2023.

[48] "Samu Castillejo".soccerbase.com.Retrieved18 January2024.

[49] "Denis Malgin".National Hockey League.Retrieved17 January2024.

[50] "Lisandro Martínez".Premier League.Retrieved18 January2024.

[51] "Éder Militão".Real Madrid C.F.Retrieved18 January2024.

[52] "Karan Brar -" Ravi Ross "".DisneyChannelMedianet.com.Archived fromthe originalon October 20, 2013.RetrievedJanuary 17,2024.

[53] "Tee Higgins".ESPN.Retrieved15 January2023.

[54] "Djorkaeff Reasco".ESPN.Retrieved8 February2024.

[55] "Gary Trent Jr".National Basketball Association.Retrieved17 January2024.

[56] "Anastasia Zakharova | Player Stats & More – WTA Official".Women's Tennis Association.Retrieved2022-10-18.

[57] "Ki-Jana Hoever".Premier League.Retrieved18 January2024.

[58] "Karim Adeyemi".Bundesliga.Retrieved18 January2024.

[59] Reid-Gantzert, Sophia [@sophiareidgantzert] (January 18, 2024)."14?!?! #14 #14th #14thbirthday #birthday #bday #sophiareidgantzert #sophiareid #actress #acting".RetrievedMay 30,2024– viaInstagram.

[60] Van den Berg, F.M. (1992). "Een Nassau's graf in Italië". In Van der Klooster, L.J.; Tiethoff-Spliethoff, M.E.; Tamse, C.A. & Elzenga, E. (eds.).Militaire entourage rondom Oranje en andere bijdragen over het Huis van Oranje. Oranje-Nassau Museum Jaarboek 1992(in Dutch). Zutphen: Walburg Pers. p. 89.ISBN 90-6011-812-X.

[61] McMahon, Seán (2011),Wee Joe: the life of Joseph Devlin,Belfast: Brehon Press, ISBN 978-1-905474-35-6

[62] Hoadley Dick, Lois (1984).Amy Carmichael: Let the Little Children Come.Chicago: Moody Press. p. 5.ISBN 978-0-80240-433-6.

[63] Bouraia, Marina (May–June 2004)."Galina Gavrilovna Korchuganova"(PDF).International Women Pilots Magazine.30(3): 21.

[64] Brennan, Christine."Former U.S. figure skating champion dies by suicide after being suspended from sport".USA TODAY.

[65] "Real Madrid great Gento dies aged 88".Reuters.2022-01-18.Retrieved2022-01-18.

[66] "Yvette Mimieux Dies; Actress/Writer Who Starred In 'The Time Machine' Had Just Turned 80".Deadline Hollywood.18 January 2022.Retrieved18 January2022.

[67] "Notable deaths in 2022".Reuters.Retrieved2022-05-02.

[68] Dolan, Jon; Greene, Andy (2023-01-19)."David Crosby, Iconoclastic Rocker, Dead at 81".Rolling Stone.Retrieved2023-01-20.

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