Jean Moréas(French:[ʒɑ̃mɔʁeɑs,-as];bornIoannis A. Papadiamantopoulos,Ιωάννης Α. Παπαδιαμαντόπουλος; 15 April 1856 – 31 March 1910[1]) was aGreekpoet, essayist, andart critic,[2]who wrote mostly in theFrench languagebut also inGreekduring his youth.[3]
Jean Moréas | |
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| Native name | Ioannis A. Papadiamantopoulos |
| Born | April 15, 1856 Athens, Greece |
| Died | March 31, 1910 (aged 53) Paris, France |
| Occupation | Poet,essayist,art critic |
| Language | French |
| Nationality | Greek |
| Alma mater | University of Paris |
| Relatives | Ioannis Papadiamantopoulos(grandfather),Ioannis Papadiamantopoulos(great uncle) |
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Biography
editMoréas was born into a distinguishedAthenianfamily on April 15, 1856.[1]His ancestors included two well-known men of theGreek War of Independence,namely his paternal grandfather and namesakeIoannis Papadiamantopoulos,born inCorinthbut of ultimatelyEpiroteancestry[4](he was executed after the fall ofMissolonghi),[5]and his maternal great uncleIakovos Tombazis(c. 1782–1829),[6]fromHydra,who became one of the first admirals of the Greek navy.[7]Moreas's father was Adamantios Papadiamantopoulos fromPatras;a judge, scholar, and poet.[8]
Moreas received a French education, and went toParisin 1875 to study law at theUniversity of Paris.While in France, he began associating with literary circles, and became acquainted withLes Hydropathes,a group of French writers that includedAlphonse Allais,Charles Cros,Guy de Maupassant,andLéon Bloy.He was also an acquaintance of the Greek artistDemetrios Galanisand theRomanianpoetIon Minulescu.
Works
editMoréas published poetry in his publicationsLutèceandLe Chat noir,and collected his poems into two editions,Les Syrtes( "The Sandbanks" ) andCantilènes,which were strongly influenced byPaul Verlaine.
He was initially a practitioner of the style ofSymbolism,and wrote theSymbolist Manifesto(1886), which he published in the newspaperLe Figaro,partly to redeem the reputation of the new generation of young writers from the charge of "decadence"that the press had implied. He was considered one of the most important Symbolist poets until the early 1890s.
In 1891, as Symbolism became more openly associated withanarchismand as theFrench cultureof theBelle Époquebecame increasingly dominated byrevanchismandanti-German sentiment,Moréas publishedLe Pèlerin passionnéwhich rejectedNorthern EuropeanandGermanicinfluences, such asRomanticism(as well as some aspects of Symbolism), in favor of solelyClassical,Ancient RomanandAncient Greek,influences. This work helped initiate theÉcole Romane,the aesthetic of which providedCharles Maurraswith the ideology necessary for thefar-rightphilosophyAction Française.
Moréas also wroteLes Demoiselles Goubert,anovel,in association withPaul Adam.His most important publications were:
- Les Syrtes(1884)
- Les Cantilènes(1886)
- Le Pèlerin passionné(1891)
- Stances(1893)
- Contes de la vielle France(1904)
References
editCitations
edit- ^abc"Jean Moréas".Encyclopædia Britannica.Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 14 August 2007.Retrieved30 November2016.
- ^Butler 1967,p. 176;Rees 1992,p. 388;Shipley 1972,p. 235.
- ^Τρυγόνες καί Έχιδνες – Vipers and Turtledoves (1873).
- ^Jouanny 1975,Chapter II: "Histoire d' une Famille", pp. 51–53.
- ^Finlay 1861,p. 111.
- ^Jouanny 1975,Chapter II: "Histoire d'une Famille", p. 60.
- ^Raynaud 1929,"Jean Moreas: L' Homme: sa vie intime", pp. 11–12.
- ^Adamson 2007,p. 70;Rees 1992,p. 388;Tiryakian 2009,p. 157;Hammerton 1975,p. 1011.
Sources
edit- Adamson, Walter L. (2007).Embattled Avant-gardes: Modernism's Resistance to Commodity Culture in Europe.Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press.ISBN978-0-520-25270-7.
- Butler, John Davis (1967).Jean Moreas: A Critique of His Poetry and Philosophy.The Hague, Netherlands and Paris, France: Mouton.
- Finlay, George (1861).History of the Greek Revolution (Volume II).London and Edinburgh, United Kingdom: William Blackwood and Sons.ISBN9781402172366.
- Hammerton, Sir John Alexander (1975).Concise Universal Biography: A Dictionary of the Famous Men and Women of All Countries and All Times, Recording the Lives of More Than 20,000 Persons and Profusely Illustrated with Authentic Portraits and Other Pictorial Documents.Detroit, Michigan: Gale Research Company.ISBN978-0-8103-4209-5.
- Jouanny, Robert A. (1975).Jean Moréas, écrivain Grec (Bibliothèque des lettres modernes, Volume 25)(in French). Paris, France: Lettres Modernes Minard.ISBN2-256-90750-3.
- Raynaud, Ernest (1929).Jean Moréas et les Stances: avec un index de tous les noms cités.Paris, France: Société Française d'Éditions Littéraires et Techniques.
- Rees, William (1992).The Penguin Book of French Poetry 1820-1950: With Prose Translations.London, United Kingdom: Penguin Classics.ISBN978-0-14-042385-3.
- Shipley, Joseph Twadell (1972).Modern French Poetry: An Anthology.Manchester, New Hampshire: Ayer Publishing.ISBN0-8369-6394-6.
- Tiryakian, Edward A. (2009).For Durkheim: Essays in Historical and Cultural Sociology.Burlington, Vermont: Ashgate Publishing Company.ISBN978-0-7546-7155-8.
Further reading
edit- Andreas Embirikos.Les étapes de Jean Moréas.Lausanne, 1948.
- R. Georgin.Jean Moréas.Paris, 1930.
- Jean de Gourmont.Jean Moréas.Paris, 1905.
- J. Weber.Jean Moréas u. die französische Tradition.Nuremberg, 1934.
External links
edit
Media related toJean Moréasat Wikimedia Commons
FrenchWikisourcehas original text related to this article:Jean Moréas- GreekWikisourcehas original text related to this article:Ζαν Μορεάς
- {Moréas' Poems(in French)
- Article on Jean Moréas and the French Symbolists in April 1895 edition ofThe Bookman(New York)
