Judy (dog)

This article is about the english pointer. For the boxer dog, seePunch and Judy (dogs).

Judy(1936 – 17 February 1950) was aship's dogaboardHMSGnatandGrasshopperstationed on theYangtzebefore and duringWorld War II.She proved able to hear incoming aircraft, providing the crew with an early warning. After part of the crew transferred fromGnattoGrasshopperin June 1939 the ship was sent toSingaporeafter the British declaration of war on Germany. There she was aboard the ship during theBattle of Singapore,in whichGrasshopperevacuated for theDutch East Indies.It was sunk en route and Judy was nearly killed, having been trapped by a falling row of lockers. She was rescued when a crewman returned to the stricken vessel looking for supplies.

Judy

Judy on the deck of HMSGrasshopper
Othername(s)	81A Gloegoer Medan
Species	Dog
Breed	Pointer
Born	February 1936 Shanghai,China
Died	17 February 1950(1950-02-17)(aged 13–14) Tanzania
Resting place	Nachingwea,Tanzania
Occupation	Ship's mascot
Employer	Royal Navy
Years active	1936 - 1946
Known for	JapanesePrisoner of war
Appearance	Liver and white markings
Awards	Dickin Medal

On the deserted island with the surviving crew, Judy managed to find a fresh water source, saving them all. They made their way toSingkepin the Dutch East Indies and afterwards toSumatraaiming to link up with the evacuating British forces. After trekking across 200 miles of jungle for five weeks, during which Judy survived an attack from a crocodile, the crew arrived a day after the final vessel had left and subsequently becameprisoners of warof the Japanese. She was eventually smuggled into theGloegoerprisoner of war camp inMedan,where she first metLeading AircraftsmanFrank Williams, with whom she would go on to spend the rest of her life. Williams convinced the campCommandantto register her as an official prisoner of war, with the number '81A Gloegoer Medan'. She was the only dog to be registered as a prisoner of war during the Second World War.

She moved around several more camps, and survived the sinking of the transport shipHarugiku Maruwhere in the aftermath she saved several passengers from drowning. Les Searle fromGrasshoppersmuggled her once again into the next camp, where she was reunited with Frank Williams. After the end of the war, Judy's life was put in danger once again. She was about to be put to death by the Japanese guards following a lice outbreak amongst the prisoners. However, Williams hid the dog until the Allied forces arrived. Searle, Williams, and others smuggled Judy back to the UK aboard a troopship and she spent the next six months in quarantine after arriving. She was awarded theDickin Medalby thePDSA,considered to be the animals'Victoria Cross.Judy died in 1950 inTanzaniafrom a tumour, after travelling with Williams there to work on agroundnut food scheme.Her Dickin Medal and collar were subsequently put on display at theImperial War Museumas part of 'The Animal's War' exhibition.

Early life

Judy was a pure-bred liver and whitePointer.She was born in February 1936 in the Shanghai Dog Kennels, a boardingkennelused by English expatriates in Shanghai, China. Judy was one of seven puppies to a dog named Kelly owned by a couple fromSussex.At the age of three months, she escaped and had been kept in a back alley by a shopkeeper until she was six months old. Following an altercation with some sailors from aJapanese Navygunboat,she was found by a worker from the kennel and returned there. She was originally called Shudi, which wasanglicisedto become Judy.By the time she returned to the kennel, her mother and siblings were no longer there.

In the autumn of 1936, the crew of theInsect-class gunboatHMSGnatvoted to get a ship's mascot.This was due in part to the competitive nature of the gunboats, withHMSBee,Cicada,andCricketalready having mascots of their own. The Captain and the Chief Bosun's mate, Lt. Cmdr. J. Waldergrave and Chief Petty Officer Charles Jefferey, purchased Judy from the kennel and presented her to the crew.As her mother was known as Kelly of Sussex, Judy was listed as Judy of Sussex in herRoyal Navypaperwork.It was hoped to train her as agundog,but the men began to treat her like a pet instead, and several days after her arrival, Jefferey's log stated that "our chances of making her a trained gundog are very small."Her time spent on the streets of Shanghai was blamed for her lack of hunting instinct; the only time that she would point in the traditional manner was when she could smell food.

Military career

HMSGnat

HMSGnat,photographed in 1922

Able seamanJan "Tankey" Cooper was given the job of being the "Keeper of the Ship's Dog", who was also the ship's butcher. She was given an open box and a blanket to sleep on. She was trained to stop her from going into certain areas of the ship, such as those inhabited by the Chinese cooks as they disliked her. In November 1936, she fell overboard from theforecastleinto theYangtze Riverand was spotted by Jefferey. The ship was called to a full stop and a power boat deployed to retrieve her.The incident was recorded in the ship's log as a man overboard exercise.As the boat returned toGnat,the crew sent thesemaphoremessage "Judy's christening completed".The crew began to find the dog useful in navigating the river, as she was able to alert them tocessboats in sufficient time to close all hatches and minimise the smell.

After undergoing trials following a refit,Gnatmet up withHMSLadybird,who also had a ship's dog. However Judy had to be kept away as while he took a fancy to her, she did not care for him.In the early morning afterLadybirddeparted, Judy alerted the ship to the presence of river pirates who were about to boardGnatin the darkness. The attack was easily repelled as the pirates lost the surprise element. Several days later, Judy was taken ashore with a shooting party for the first time but she was unsuccessful as a gundog.Throughout her stay onGnat,the crew repeatedly tried to use her as a gundog, each time resulting in a failure.

One of Judy's litters of puppies.

Judy also pointed out the approach of hostile Japanese aircraft long before any of the human crew could hear them. This first occurred prior to the outbreak of war, when the aircraft would fly low overGnatwith Judy barking at them until they had passed.On an outing toJiujiang,Jefferey took Judy for a walk outside of the city but she ran ahead, pulling him with her. He realised as he looked back that she had been pulling him away from aleopard.In November 1937,Gnatmet with the American river gunboatUSSPanay.AfterPanayheld a party for the two ship's companies,Gnatcrew departed and only realised afterwards that Judy was not with them. They contactedPanayviasignal lamp,but they insisted that they had not seen her.The following morning, the crew heard from a Chinese trader that Judy was aboardPanayafter all. In retaliation, a party boarded the American vessel and stole theship's bell.Afterwards they contactedPanayand offered them the bell back in return for Judy. She was returned within the hour.

In early 1938, both Jefferey and Cooper were sent back to Britain as part of the crew rotation.While docked inHankou,Judy took a liking to another Pointer aboard a French gunboatFrancis Garnier.The two ship's companies held an impromptu wedding ceremony for the two dogs. The French Pointer, Paul, remained onGnatfor three days before returning to his ship. Judy became pregnant, and gave birth to thirteen puppies.Ten of them survived and were eventually given away to a variety of sources includingFrancis Garnierand the American gunboatUSSGuam.Judy was involved in an incident in October that year that resulted in the ending of her trips ashore in Hankou. Whilst being walked by two sailors fromGnat,they were confronted by Japanese soldiers who pointed a loaded rifle at Judy.One of the soldiers was thrown into the Yangtze River by Leading Seaman Jack Law in response.During the following days, several Japanese officers came aboardGnatand it was decided that it would be better for Judy to stay on the ship.

HMSGrasshopper

HMSGrasshopper,photographed in 1940.

In June 1939, severalLocust class gunboatsarrived on the Yangtze to take over operations from the existing Insect class vessels. Part of the crew ofGnattransferred toHMSGrasshopper,including Judy.Following the British declaration of war on Germany in September that year, several of the river gunboats,Grasshopperincluded, were redeployed to the British base atSingapore.Judy was initially sea sick, but the crew ensured that she was properly exercised and by the time the ship arrived on station, she had recovered.

Initially the stay at Singapore was peaceful, and Judy stayed with a customs official and his family for a week ashore.The ship was rarely deployed until January 1942 when it was deployed with other gunboats to provide covering bombardments along the coast ofMalayafor retreating troops, and occasionally to carry out evacuations.By this time, Judy was primarily being looked after byPetty OfficerGeorge White.TheBattle of Singaporetook place between 8–15 February. On the first day, along with the other military vessels,Grasshopperwas sailed out to sea to provide anti-aircraft fire.By 11 February,Grasshopperand its sister shipDragonflywere the largest vessels left at Singapore.On 13 February, the vessels were ordered to evacuate personnel and leave Singapore.The ships left at 9pm that evening, and travelled together.White later reported that Judy had "personally greeted virtually everyone on board".

The ships headed forBataviain theDutch East Indies.Fearing the Japanese Navy, they sought to travel via theLingga Islandshoping that the island group it sat in could be used as a hiding place. As they approached on 14 February, Judy indicated the approach of Japanese aircraft and the anti-aircraft gunners took up their positions in readiness.Grasshopperwas hit with a single bomb before the planes departed.Judy was below decks when the planes returned.Dragonflywas hit by three bombs and sank quickly.Grasshopperwas hit by a further two bombs, and the order was given to abandon ship as a fire spread close to an ammunition compartment. Boats were lowered and the crew and evacuees were ferried just over a hundred yards to shore whilst the Japanese planesstrafedthe vessels. It was only when they were ashore that they realised Judy was not with them.

The island they arrived on turned out to be uninhabited with little food and no apparent water. After a camp had been set up ashore, White was sent back to the still floatingGrasshopperto scavenge supplies.He boarded the vessel and descended below decks to search for any items that might be of use. Whilst there, he felt Judy in the darkness, pinned in her bed under a row of lockers.He constructed a raft out of materials onGrasshopperand rowed the items, along with Judy, back to the island.The lack of water was becoming an issue, until Judy began to dig at a point on the waterline.It took a couple of minutes, but Judy managed to unearth a fresh-water spring and was credited with saving everyone's lives.During the first night, the magazine onGrasshopperfinally caught light and exploded, sinking the vessel.The survivors continued to camp on the beach for the following few days, with Judy protecting them from snakes.

Five days afterGrasshopperwas bombed, atongkangarrived which took the survivors to Singkep Island, the largest of the Lingga Islands.There they left their wounded, and Judy along with the other survivors travelled two days later on a ChinesejunktoSumatrawhere it was hoped that a British force remained which could take them toSri Lanka.Upon arrival, they took the vessel up a series of rivers until they narrowed so much that the junk could not pass. They then embarked on a 200 miles (320 km) cross-country trek across the island in an attempt to reachPadang.During the journey through the jungle, Judy was attacked by a crocodile and suffered a cut to her shoulder.The survivors patched up the 6 inches (15 cm) cut with their limited first aid supplies.She continued to warn them of approaching predators, and one crewman claimed she saved him from aSumatran tiger.They emerged from the jungle atSawahlunto,where they caught the train towards Padang.The group missed the last evacuation ship by nine days,with the Japanese due to arrive to take over the city at any moment.After the arrival of the Japanese, the survivors fromGrasshopperalong with Judy, were taken into custody asprisoners of waron 18 March.

Prisoner of war

Medan

The crew became prisoners of war, initially held inPadang,but were soon moved ontoBelawan.They smuggled Judy on board the transport trucks, hidden under empty rice sacks. After five days they arrived at theGloegoerprisoner of war camp inMedan.Chief Petty Officer Leonard Williams recorded, "thus began 3–4 years of the most horrific labour, torture, starvation, and every degradation the Japanese could inflict on us".She was looked after by Les Searle fromGrasshopper,and a Private named Cousens who had a job making leather goods for the guards. Cousens would feed scraps of leather to Judy,but died ofmalariaa short time after the two servicemen had stolen a large quantity of rice from the Japanese.

In August, Judy metLeading AircraftmanFrank Williams, who adopted her and shared his daily handful of rice.In the camp Judy would intervene by distracting the guards when they were administering punishment.She was the only animal to have been officially registered as a prisoner of war during theSecond World War,after Frank William's intervention to protect the dog from the guards, who would often threaten to shoot Judy as the dog growled and barked at them. Williams managed to convince the campCommandant,who was drunk onsake,to sign the registration papers with the promise of one of Judy's future puppies.Judy's official prisoner-of-war name was '81A Gloegoer Medan'.

During her stay at the camp, she would alert the prisoners to the approach of the Japanese guards and also if other animals such as snakes or scorpions were around.She also made excursions from the camp, looking for food, and would bring back rats and snakes to Williams.Judy had another group of puppies, of which five survived. One of them was given to the camp Commandant as promised and another puppy was smuggled into the women's camp along with any food that the men could spare.A further puppy was given to the Red Cross in Medan, one more was beaten to death by a drunken guard, and the final one remained in the camp after Judy and Williams left.

In June 1944, the men were to be transferred toSingaporeaboard thehell shipHarugiku Maru.Dogs were not allowed aboard, but Frank Williams taught Judy to lie still and silent inside a rice sack. When he boarded the ship, Judy climbed into a sack and Williams slung it over his shoulder to take aboard. For three hours the men were forced to stand on deck in the searing heat, and for the whole time Judy remained still and silent in the bag on Williams' back. The conditions aboard ship were cramped, with more than 700 prisoners. On 26 June 1944HMSTruculenttorpedoed the ship.Williams pushed Judy out of aportholein an attempt to save her life, even though there was a 15 feet (4.6 m) drop to the sea. Over 500 of the passengers did not survive.

Return to Sumatra

Frank Williams was recaptured and was sent to a new camp without news of Judy's survival. However, stories began being told of a dog helping drowning men reach pieces of debris on which to hold,and others recalled how the dog would bring them flotsam to keep them afloat.She had been found in the water by other survivors of the sinking, and once again hidden from the Japanese. Upon arrival at a dock, she was found by Les Searle who tried to smuggle her onto a truck with him. However, she was discovered by a Japanese Captain who threatened to kill her – whose order was countermanded by the newly arrived former Commander of the Medan camp and she was allowed to travel with Searle onto the new camp.

Williams was giving up hope of finding Judy when she arrived in his new camp. After four weeks at the new camp, they were moved back to Sumatra bypaddle steamer.They had been told that it was a "special mission" to pick fruit.Instead they spent a year in Sumatra, with the Japanese using the men to cut through the jungle to lay railway track. She also proved useful in conducting trades with the locals, as she would indicate when someone was hiding near to the track.Her barking deliberately alerted the guards to when there was something too large for her to handle in the jungle, such as tigers or elephants.

The experience saw a change in the dog, with Frank later writing, "She wasn't that tame, obedient dog anymore, she was a skinny animal that kept herself alive through cunning and instinct." Because of the remoteness of the work camp, she was at a reduced risk from the local population who Frank feared would eat her.A radarman named Tom Scott later wrote that Frank and Judy shared an unusual bond, with Frank able to send the dog into the jungle with a click and recall her with a whistle.On one occasion, Frank found Judy attempting to bury an elephant's leg bone.

In early 1945, Frank began to find that Judy was more aggressive towards the Japanese and Korean guards. Although he'd normally send her into the jungle to avoid them, on one occasion, the guards gave chase and shot at the dog. He later found Judy bleeding from the shoulder where she had been grazed by the bullet.He covered the wound with some palm fronds, but could do nothing else to treat or reward her.After moving camps once more,Judy was sentenced to death by the Japanese as part of a plan to control a lice breakout. She disappeared for three days, with guards conducting sweeps in an attempt to find her.She only reappeared when the Japanese forces abandoned the camp.

Post war and awards

An example of aDickin Medal.

Two members of theRoyal Air Force(RAF) parachuted in, and informed the residents to remain until allied troops arrived.Judy was smuggled aboard the troopshipAntenorheading toLiverpool.Together with Williams, Searle, and two others,Judy managed to avoid the dock police and was delivered into the care of the ship's cook, who ensured that she was fed on the voyage home.Frank revealed Judy to the crew after six weeks, as the ship was three days from arriving in Liverpool. Although some low-ranking crew members had become aware of the dog before this, the Captain had not. Initially angry, he was talked around by Frank. Between the Captain and RAF serviceman Brian Comford, whose father was abarrister,the authorities were convinced to allow the dog to land.Upon her return to the UK, Judy stayed for six months inquarantineinHackbridge,Surrey.Frank visited regularly, as did a number of servicemen who had known the dog during their internment in Asia.The quarantine was not free, and Frank was required to pay £12 to cover the costs. He could not afford this, so an advert was placed in the December 1945 edition of theTail-Waggers Clubmagazine. A total of £18, 18shillingsand eightpencewas raised from 61 donations. Judy was released from quarantine on 29 April 1946 to Frank, and the pair headed immediately to London.A ceremony was organised by theKennel Club,withchairmanArthur Croxton Smithawarding her a "For Valor" medal.

During his posting toSunninghill Parkwith Judy, where he underwent refresher training from the RAF, Frank would sell photographs of the dog to raise money for thePeople's Dispensary for Sick Animals.They were then posted to a base inWest Kirby,Merseyside.The story of Judy grew over time, with features in national newspapers calling her "Gunboat Judy". At an event held inCadogan Squareby the PDSA in May 1946 and attended byMaria Dickin,Judy was awarded theDickin Medal,which is often referred to as the animal metaphorical equivalent of theVictoria Cross.Williams was given theWhite Cross of St Giles,with each awarded by MajorViscount TarbatMC, chairman of the Returned British POW Association. Judy was enrolled as the association's only canine member.

For magnificent courage and endurance in Japanese prison camps, which helped to maintain morale among her fellow prisoners and also for saving many lives through her intelligence and watchfulness

Judy's Dickin Medal citation

She was interviewed by the BBC for their radio coverage of theLondon Victory Celebrations of 1946on 8 June and her barks were broadcast around the world as part of the programmeIn Town Tonight.The pair appeared at the "Stars of Blitz and Battlefront" event held atWembley Stadium,in front of over 82,000 spectators along with fellow Dickin Medal winnerRob.The two dogs had become friendly at various events where they appeared together, and at Wembley when aBorzoibit Judy backstage, Rob came to her defence. In response, the Borzoi's appearance was cancelled.

Frank and Judy spent the year after the war visiting the relatives of PoWs who had not survived; Frank remarked that Judy always seemed to give a comforting presence.They raised money for charities and appeared at dog shows throughout the country. Upon meetingDavid Niven,he remarked that she was the "loveliest bitch he had ever clapped eyes on".On 22 July 1946, the pair were demobilised.Frank took Judy home toPortsmouth.

Judy's grave in Tanzania, Africa.

On 10 May 1948, the pair left to work on a government-fundedgroundnutfood scheme in East Africa. There was some difficulty in getting permission for Judy to travel, and it was feared that she and Williams would be split up. This issue was promoted in theEvening Standard,and after the involvement ofWilliam Lever, 2nd Viscount Leverhulme,permission was given for Judy to travel with Williams.She had a third and final litter of puppies during her time in Africa.After two years there, Judy was discovered to have a mammarytumour;an operation removed the growth, but atetanusinfection soon set in, and she waseuthanizedon 17 February 1950 at the age of nearly 14. She was buried in her RAF jacket, with her campaign medals, thePacific Star,the1939–1945 Star,and theDefence Medal.Frank spent two months building a granite and marble memorial in her memory, which included a plaque that told of her life story.The memorial, in Nachingwea, had lost its plaque and was in disrepair by 2016.

On 27 February 1972, Judy was remembered in church services across Gosport and Portsmouth.Her story was told in a book entitledThe Judy Storyin 1973,and in 1992 it was featured in the British children's TV showBlue Peter.In 2006 her collar and Dickin Medal went on public display for the first time in theImperial War Museum,London, as part of "The Animals' War" exhibition.It was presented to the IWM by Alan Williams, Frank's son.

See also

• List of individual dogs
• Sergeant Reckless

References

• Long, David (2012).The Animal's VC: For Gallantry and Devotion.London: Preface.ISBN978-1-848-09376-8.
• Varley, Edwin (1973). James, Wendy (ed.).The Judy Story: The Dog with Six Lives.London: Souvenir Press Ltd.ISBN978-0-285-62121-3.
• Weintraub, Robert (2015).No Better Friend.New York: Little, Brown & Company.ISBN978-0-316-33706-9.

Further reading

• Lewis, Damien(2014).Judy: A Dog in a Million.London:Quercus Publishing.ISBN978-1-848-66542-2.

External links

• PDSA Dickin Medal, including "Roll of Honor" PDF
• Official website of Frank Williams and Judy
• IWM – The Animals' WarArchived13 August 2006 at theWayback Machine