Wikipedia

KiHa 40 series

TheKiHa 40 series(キハ40 hệ,Kiha-yonjū-kei)is adiesel multiple unit(DMU) train type introduced byJapanese National Railways(JNR) in 1977 and operated by allJapan Railways Groupcompanies on suburban and rural services in Japan.[2]Since 2017, the train type has seen use by other private railway companies in Japan, following the removal of services by Japan Railways groups. Additionally, it has also seen use in overseas operations inMyanmarsince 2011 and is also scheduled to be used inThailand.

KiHa 40 series
KiHa 41
KiHa 47
KiHa 48
A pair of JR East KiHa 40 series units on theKarasuyama Linein January 2017
In service1977–present
ManufacturerFuji Heavy Industries,Niigata Tekkō
Replaced
Constructed1977–1983
Number built888 vehicles
Number in service714 vehicles (as of 2018)[1]
Successor
FormationVarious
Operators
DepotsVarious
Lines servedVarious
Specifications
Car body constructionSteel
Car length21,300 mm (69 ft 11 in)
Width2,900 mm (9 ft 6 in)
Doors2 per side
Maximum speed95 km/h (59 mph)
TransmissionDW10 (hydraulic)
Multiple workingKiHa 58(San'in Main Lineonly)
Track gauge
  • 1,067 mm(3 ft 6 in)
  • 1,000 mm(3 ft3+3⁄8in)metre gauge(Myanmar, Thailand)

Overview

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The KiHa 40 series diesel multiple unit was introduced in 1977 by JNR to replace ageingKiHa 10 seriesDMUs on suburban and rural services nationwide.[3]A total of 888 vehicles were built between 1977 and 1982, broadly divided into three main types:KiHa 40,KiHa 47,andKiHa 48.These were subdivided as shown below, with further variants and modifications made later in their lives by the various JR Group companies.[1]

Type No. of cabs Doors Subclass Region Toilet Quantity Numbering Remarks
KiHa 40 2 Single-leaf -100 Hokkaido
(Extreme cold)		 Yes 150 101–250
-500 Cold 94 501–594
-1000 Warm No 148 1001–1007 Former KiHa 40-2000 cars with toilets removed
-2000 Yes 2001–2148
KiHa 47 1 Pairs -0 Warm Yes 193 1–193
-500 Cold 22 501–522
-1000 Warm No 134 1001–1134
-1500 Cold 21 1501–1521
KiHa 48 1 Single-leaf -0 Warm Yes 6 1–6
-300 Hokkaido
(Extreme cold) 		4 301–304
-500 Cold 59 501–559
-1000 Warm No 4 1001–1004
-1300 Hokkaido
(Extreme cold) 		3 1301–1303
-1500 Cold 50 1501–1550

"Cold" regions refers to theTohokuandChubu regions.

JR Hokkaido

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Following the privatization and splitting of JNR in April 1987,JR Hokkaidoreceived a total of 157 KiHa 40 series vehicles (150 KiHa 40s and 7 KiHa 48s). As of 1 April 2010,JR Hokkaido operates 153 KiHa 40 series vehicles, classified as follows.[1]

  • KiHa 40-300
  • KiHa 40-330
  • KiHa 40-350
  • KiHa 40-400
  • KiHa 40-700
  • KiHa 40-1700
  • KiHa 48-1300
  • KiHa 400-100
  • KiHa 480-300
  • KiHa 480-1300
  • KiHa 40 1740 in February 2022
  • KiHa 400-141
  • Driver's cab of KiHa 40 1755 in September 2021
  • Interior of KiHa 40 1716 in May 2021
  • Longitudinal seating of KiHa 40 1755 in September 2021
  • Cross seating of KiHa 40 1755 in September 2021
  • Interior of KiHa 400-502

JR East

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Following the privatization and splitting of JNR in April 1987,JR Eastreceived a total of 219 KiHa 40 series vehicles (117 KiHa 40s, 28 KiHa 47s, and 74 KiHa 48s). As of 1 April 2010, JR East operates 159 KiHa 40 series vehicles, classified as follows.[1]KiHa 48 502 and KiHa 48 1512 were derailed and badly damaged by the2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunamion 11 March 2011, and were withdrawn.

  • KiHa 40-500
  • KiHa 40-1000
  • KiHa 40-2000
  • KiHa 47-0
  • KiHa 47-500
  • KiHa 47-1000
  • KiHa 47-1500
  • KiHa 48-500
  • KiHa 48-1500
  • KiHa 40 584 in May 2018, Tohoku livery onTadami Line
  • KiHa 40 1003 in January 2011, repainted into old JNR livery
  • KiHa 47 515 in March 2017
  • KiHa 48 519 in February 2021, Gono livery onŌu Main Line
  • KiHa 48 502 and KiHa 48 1512 after the tsunami in 2011
  • Interior of KiHa 40–502 in May 2018
  • Interior of KiHa 48 in April 2017

Joyful Train sets

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  • Furusato(KiHa 48–2500)
  • Kirakira Michinoku(KiHa 48)
  • Resort Minori(KiHa 48-500)
  • Resort Shirakami"Aoike"(KiHa 48)
  • Resort Shirakami"Buna"(KiHa 48)
  • Resort Shirakami"Kumagera"(KiHa 48)
  • Umineko(KiHa 48)
  • View Coaster Kazekko(KiHa 48)
  • Koshino Shu*Kura (KiHa 40 and 48)
  • KiHa 48Furusatoin November 2007
  • Interior ofView Coaster Kazekko
  • Koshino Shu*KuraonShin'etsu Main Line
  • Interior ofKoshino Shu*Kura

JR Central

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Following the privatization and splitting of JNR in April 1987,JR Centralreceived a total of 59 KiHa 40 series vehicles (14 KiHa 40s, 5 KiHa 47s, and 40 KiHa 48s). By April 2010, JR Central operated 59 KiHa 40 series vehicles, classified as follows.[1]These were withdrawn by 2016.

  • KiHa 40-3000
  • KiHa 40-3300
  • KiHa 40-5000
  • KiHa 40-5500
  • KiHa 40-5800
  • KiHa 40-6000
  • KiHa 40-6300
  • KiHa 47-5000
  • KiHa 47-6000
  • KiHa 48-3500
  • KiHa 48-3800
  • KiHa 48-5000
  • KiHa 48-5300
  • KiHa 48-5500
  • KiHa 48-5800
  • KiHa 48-6000
  • KiHa 48-6300
  • KiHa 48-6500
  • KiHa 48-6800
  • KiHa 40 6300 in September 2004
  • KiHa 48 5500 in March 2008

JR West

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Following the privatization and splitting of JNR in April 1987,JR-Westreceived a total of 257 KiHa 40 series vehicles (63 KiHa 40s, 189 KiHa 47s, and 5 KiHa 48s). As of 1 April 2010,JR-West operates 255 KiHa 40 series vehicles, classified as follows.[1]

  • KiHa 40-3000
  • KiHa 41-2000
  • KiHa 47-2000
  • KiHa 47-2500
  • KiHa 48-3000
  • KiHa 48-3500
  • KiHa 40 2007 in 1997
  • KiHa 47 2503 in August 2007
  • Driver's cab of KiHa 47 1061 in December 2021
  • Interior of KiHa 47 1061 in December 2021
  • Priority seating of KiHa 47 1061 in December 2021

Joyful Train sets

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  • Misuzu Shiosai(KiHa 47)
  • Setonai Marine View(KiHa 47) (Until December 12 2019 replaced by etSETOra)
  • Belles Montagnes et Mer(KiHa 40)
  • Hanayome Noren(KiHa 48)
  • Tenkū no shiro Takeda-jō ato(KiHa 40)
  • etSETOra(KiHa47)
  • Misuzu Shiosaiin July 2011
  • Interior ofMisuzu Shiosai
  • Setonai Marine Viewin March 2011
  • Interior ofSetonai Marine Viewin May 2016
  • Belles Montagnes et Mer
  • Hanayome Norenin May 2016

JR Shikoku

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Following the privatization and splitting of JNR in April 1987,JR Shikokureceived a total of 53 KiHa 40 series vehicles (11 KiHa 40s and 42 KiHa 47s). As of 1 April 2010,JR Shikoku operates 43 KiHa 40 series vehicles, classified as follows.[1]

  • KiHa 40-2000
  • KiHa 47-0
  • KiHa 47-500
  • KiHa 47-1000
  • KiHa 47-1500
  • KiHa 47 118 in January 2020
  • Interior of KiHa 47 in December 2018

Joyful Train sets

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  • Iyonada Monogatari(KiHa 47)
  • Iyonada Monogatariin May 2017
  • Interior ofIyonada Monogatari

JR Kyushu

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Following the privatization and splitting of JNR in April 1987,JR Kyushureceived a total of 142 KiHa 40 series vehicles (36 KiHa 40s and 106 KiHa 47s). As of 1 April 2010, JR Kyushu operates 140 KiHa 40 series vehicles, classified as follows.[1]

  • KiHa 40-7000
  • KiHa 40-8000
  • KiHa 47-3500
  • KiHa 47-4500
  • KiHa 47-5000
  • KiHa 47-6000
  • KiHa 47-8000
  • KiHa 47-8500
  • KiHa 47-9000
  • KiHa 47-9500
  • KiHa 140-2000
  • KiHa 147-0
  • KiHa 147-1000
  • KiHa 40 8126 in January 2022
  • KiHa 47 9031 in August 2007, AQUA LINER livery onKashii Line
  • Driver's cab of KiHa 40 8101 in January 2022
  • Interior of KiHa 40 8126 in January 2022
  • Interior of KiHa 147 50 in December 2021
  • Priority seating of KiHa 147 50 in December 2021

Joyful Train sets

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  • Hayato no Kazein January 2022
  • Interior ofHayato no Kaze
  • Ibusuki no Tamatebakoin August 2012
  • Interior ofIbusuki no Tamatebako
  • Aru Resshain October 2015

Resale

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Nishikigawa Railway

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In 2017, KiHa 40 1009 was taken over byNishikigawa Railway,that ended operation on theKarasuyama Lineby JR East in March 2017. The former diesel train is remodeled in retro style, and started operation on September 16 of the same year.[4]

  • Former JR East KiHa 40 series DMU car KiHa 40 1009 at Nishikichō Station on the Nishikigawa Railway in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.

Kominato Railway

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Two KiHa 40 carriages (KiHa 40 2021 and KiHa 40 2026), which ended operation on theTadami Linein March 2020, were transferred toKominato Railwayin May 2020 with the Tohoku livery.[5][6]

  • The former JR East KiHa 40 is scheduled to be transferred to Kominato Railway is detained at Soga Station.

Hojo Railway

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The latest acquisition purchased by the third-sector railway company which has been funded by the local government ofKasai Cityto purchase a retired unit fromJR Eastwhich had been recently ended their local services inGono Lineon 2021.[7][8][9]The local government had been successfully collected their crowdfunding at a cost of about 30 million yen (approx. $220,000) for purchasing cost, shipment from theAkita prefectureand for remodeling or refurbishment to make it like new. The railcar has been successfully remodeled and started began their operation in March 2022 with retaining its former livery used in Gono Line by JR East.[10][11][8][9]

Conversions

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Aizu Railway's AT-400 DMU was converted from a former JR East KiHa 40.[12]

  • Aizu Railway AT-400 in April 2022

Overseas operations

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Myanmar

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A former KiHa 40 series train in Myanmar in July 2016

A large fleet of former KiHa 40 series cars fromJR East,JR Hokkaido,JR Shikoku,andJR Centralwere shipped to Myanmar between 2011 and 2016. A total of 48 diesel cars (including KiHa 40, KiHa 47, & KiHa 48) have been shipped to Myanmar for overseas operations.[13][unreliable source?]The cars are used on theYangon Circular Railway.

Thailand

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KiHa 48 520, originally used to operate theGonō Line,has been decommissioned since 12 March 2021, later donated to theState Railway of Thailand.

A total of 20 former KiHa 40 & 48 cars from JR East are expected to be shipped to Thailand for overseas operations by theState Railway of Thailand(SRT).[14]On 27 March 2024, these cars were handed over to the Thai railway operator prior to shipping from Niigata Port.[15]On June 2, 2024, KiHa 40 & 48 arrived in Thailand.Laem Chabang,Chonburi ProvinceParked near Laem Chabang train station. To adjust the width of the wheel axle base from 1,067 mm Japan to 1,000 mm Thailand.[16]

List of Kiha 40 & 48 that the State Railway of Thailand has received

  • KiHa 40 521 (Gono)
  • KiHa 40 522 (Shutoken)
  • KiHa 40 528 (Gono)
  • KiHa 40 532 (Gono)
  • KiHa 40 536 (Oga)
  • KiHa 40 543 (Oga)
  • KiHa 40 544 (Oga)
  • KiHa 40 547 (Oga)
  • KiHa 40 575 (Oga)
  • KiHa 48 515 (Gono)
  • KiHa 48 516 (Gono)
  • KiHa 48 518 (Gono)
  • KiHa 48 520 (Gono)
  • KiHa 48 522 (Oga)
  • KiHa 48 537 (Oga)
  • KiHa 48 544 (Shutoken)
  • KiHa 48 1507 (Oga)
  • KiHa 48 1509 (Gono)
  • KiHa 48 1540 (Gono)
  • KiHa 48 1550 (Gono)

Preserved examples

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  • Preserved KiHa 40 519 next to Onagawa Station in September 2007
  • KiHa 40 764 in August 2011
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References

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  1. ^abcdefghiNishiwaki, Kōji; Fujita, Gorō (January 2011).キハ40 hệ nhất tộc[The KiHa 40 Series Family].Japan Railfan Magazine.Vol. 51, no. 597. Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. pp. 15–63.
  2. ^Haraguchi, Takayuki (2009).Encyclopedia of JR's Railway Cars: JR toàn xa 輌.Japan: Sekai Bunka. pp. 126–127.ISBN978-4-418-09905-4.
  3. ^Jēāru zensharyō handobukku: Rail Magazine 2009JR toàn xa 輌ハンドブック2009[JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2009]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 2009. pp. 461–470.ISBN978-4-7770-0836-0.
  4. ^Toshihiko, Ninomiya."Sơn khẩu ) “キハ４０ hình” cẩm xuyên thiết đạo に đáo trứ ９ nguyệt dĩ hàng に vận hành ".www.asahi.com(in Japanese). Archived fromthe originalon 15 September 2020.Retrieved24 May2020.
  5. ^"Thiết đạo ダイヤ tình".www.kotsu.co.ja(in Japanese).Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2020.Retrieved24 May2020.
  6. ^"Tiểu thấu thiết đạo レア xa lạng bàn nhập で toát り thiết" mật trạng thái "に khốn hoặc “Khí trì ちは phân かるが, こんな thời kỳ なんで” ".www.sponichi.co.jp(in Japanese). Archived fromthe originalon 28 May 2020.Retrieved24 May2020.
  7. ^"Bắc điều thiết đạo キハ40 hình cấu nhập".Đọc mại tân văn.31 May 2021. Archived fromthe originalon 31 May 2021.Retrieved31 May2021.
  8. ^ab"“キハ40” ようこそ bắc điều thiết đạo へ ngũ năng tuyến の dẫn thối xa lạng, lai xuân から vận hành nhân khí の hi thiếu カラーリング ".Thần hộ tân văn.Thần hộ tân văn xã. 12 December 2021. Archived fromthe originalon 15 December 2021.Retrieved19 December2021.
  9. ^ab"Cựu quốc thiết thời đại の “キハ４０ hình” hi thiếu な “Bạch thanh” で tẩu hành へ bắc điều thiết đạo ".Thần hộ tân văn NEXT.Thần hộ tân văn xã. 27 August 2021.Archivedfrom the original on 15 December 2021.Retrieved29 August2021.
  10. ^"Quốc thiết thời đại に chế tạo のレア xa lạng “キハ４０ hình” tái び xuất phát tiến hành! Bắc điều thiết đạo ".Thần hộ tân vănNEXT.Thần hộ tân văn xã. 13 March 2022.Archivedfrom the original on 2 April 2022.Retrieved16 March2022.
  11. ^"Bắc điều thiết đạo で『キハ40 mãn cật liệt xa 』 vận 転".Thiết đạo ニュース.Giao hữu xã. 14 March 2022.Archivedfrom the original on 3 April 2022.Retrieved16 March2022.
  12. ^"Kiến たことある? Ẩn されていた" キハ40 nhan "ベール thoát いだ hội tân thiết đạo の cải tạo xa".trafficnews.jp(in Japanese). Mediavague Co., ltd. 26 November 2023.Archivedfrom the original on 26 November 2023.Retrieved26 November2023.
  13. ^Diesel Railcars from JapanArchived17 December 2020 at theWayback Machine
  14. ^"タイ quốc thiết に譲 độ されるキハ40・48 hình がすべて tân tả đông cảng に tập kết"[All KiHa 40 and 48 series trains to be transferred to the State Railway of Thailand are gathered at Niigata East Port].RM News(in Japanese). Japan: Neko Publishing. 2 April 2024.Retrieved31 May2024.
  15. ^"JR đông nhật bổn からタイ quốc thiết へ… Nguyên thu điền địa khu のキハ40譲 độ"[JR East to transfer former Akita KiHa 40 cars to the State Railway of Thailand].RM News(in Japanese). Japan: Neko Publishing. 3 April 2024.Retrieved31 May2024.
  16. ^"ขบวนรถดีเซลรางฯ รุ่น Kiha 40 - Kiha 48 จากญี่ปุ่นถึงไทยแล้ว".2 June 2024.
  17. ^"キハ40 764"[KiHa 40 764].rail.hobidas.com.Neko Publishing. 22 April 2014.Archivedfrom the original on 11 July 2019.Retrieved11 July2019.
  18. ^"The Routes".Microsoft Train Simulator - Engineer's Handbook.Microsoft. 2001. p. 86.
  19. ^"Japan Railway Journal Episode 35 - The Unsung Hero of Japanese Railways: Series Kiha 40 Diesel Trains, Originally Aired Friday, June 16, 2017".Japan Railway Journal.NHK World-Japan.Archivedfrom the original on 25 July 2021.Retrieved26 September2019.

Further reading

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  • Ishii, Yoshitaka (27 February 2009).キハ47 vật ngữ: ローカル tuyến の chủ dịch nhất bàn hình キハの bộ みキハ47 vật ngữ[The KiHa 47 story]. Japan: JTB Can Books.ISBN978-4533074271.
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