Koreans in Indonesianumbered 78,676 individuals as of 2018[update],making them the 13th-largest population ofoverseas Koreans,according toSouth Korea'sMinistry of Foreign Affairs.The number has increased significantly from the previous record, which was around 50,000 people.[1][3]
  | |
 Opening ceremony held by the National Gugak Center at the Korean Cultural Center in Jakarta, Indonesia in July 2011 | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 78,676 (2017)[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Jakarta,Tangerang,Yogyakarta,Surabaya,Bandung,Denpasar,Batam,Medan,Kendari | |
| Jakartaand surroundings | 55,824[1] |
| Surabayaand surroundings | 7,710[1] |
| Elsewhere inJava | 6,872[1] |
| Bali,Lombok,Sulawesi,Papua | 6,520[1] |
| Sumatra,Kalimantan | 1,750[1] |
| Languages | |
| Korean,Indonesian,English | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity,Buddhism;[2] | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Korean diaspora | |
| Koreans in Indonesia | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Korean name | |||||||
| Hangul | 재인도네시아 한인 | ||||||
| Hanja | Tại 인도네시아 hàn nhân | ||||||
| |||||||
| Indonesianname | |||||||
| Indonesian | Orang Korea di Indonesia | ||||||
Migration history
editOne of the leading figures of the Indonesian independence movement,Komarudin(Korean name: Yang Chil-seong;Korean:양칠성;Hanja:Dương thất tính) was an ethnic Korean.[4]
The Korean presence inIndonesiagoes back several decades. TheJakarta International Korean SchoolinEast Jakartaopened on 1 February 1975, and as of 2007 enrolled 719 elementary school students, 357 middle school students, and 375 high school students.[5]It is thus the largest Korean day school inSoutheast Asia,at more than twice the enrollment of the one inHo Chi Minh City.[3][6]AKoreatownbegan to form inSouth Jakarta'sKebayoran Barusubdistrict as early as 1982, when Kim Woo-jae opened a shop sellingkimchianddoenjang.[7]
Between 2011 and 2013, their population increased by 11%. Nearly all (38,401, or 95%) are staying in Indonesia on ordinary residence visas. Other categories have shown rapid growth in recent years but remain small in absolute numbers: those oninternational studentvisas number 664 people (up 137% since 2011), 814 (up 285%) have permanent residence status, and 405 (up 58%) have becomeIndonesian citizens.Thesex ratioof the community is unbalanced, with 1.3 men for every woman, similar to the pattern seen in most South Korean migrant communities inSoutheast Asiancountries besidesMalaysiaandSingapore;however, the imbalance has decreased from earlier years.[1]UnlikeJapanese expatriates of earlier years,most South Korean expatriates come accompanied by their families.
Business and employment
editMost South Korean migrant workers in Indonesia are employees of South Koreamultinational conglomerateswith investments in Indonesia, or owners ofsmall and medium-sized enterprises.Labour relationsat South Korean-owned factories were poor in the 1990s, but have improved in recent years.[8]
Distribution
editIn 2005 there were about 30,000 South Koreans living in Indonesia, with most of them being in the Jakarta area. Of the rest, 1,200 lived inSurabaya,600 lived inBandung,150 lived inBali,and 550 lived elsewhere.[9]
The main Korean areas in Jakarta proper areCibuburinEast JakartaandKelapa GadingandSunterinNorth Jakarta.There are also Korean populations inBogor,CikaranginBekasi Regency,andTangerang.Most of the Bekasi Koreans work in the electronics industry. In Tangerang most Koreans work for manufacturing companies,[10]In particular those involved in the making of shoes,[3]and many Korean-owned businesses are inLippo Village(Lippo Karawaci).[10]80% of the commercial buildings in Lippo Village are occupied by ethnic Koreans.[11]
Farther away from Jakarta, Korean nationals are also served by two other weekend schools, theSurabayaHangulSchool (founded 1 January 1989, enrolling 42 students at the kindergarten and elementary levels), and theBandungHangul School (founded 1 March 1992, enrolling 66 students at the kindergarten through middle school levels).[12][13]Semarangis another area mentioned as having a large number of Koreans, though they lack any Korean-language educational facilities there.Bali,a popular destination for Korean tourists, has also begun to attracting some scattered Korean workers.[3]
Religion
editThe directory of the Korean Association in Indonesia listed 14 Korean churches (of various denominations, includingPresbyterianism) and one Buddhist temple of theJogye Orderin theJabodetabekarea.[2]Muslims form a smaller minority of the Korean community. The Indonesian branch of the Korean Muslim Federation opened in 1982; they sponsored 22Muslims from South Koreato come to Indonesia as students in 1983 and 1984 to study inlocal universitiesand better understand Islam. According to their figures, as of 2005, there were only 50 Korean Muslims in Indonesia, including those who had converted while living there.[14][15]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^abcdefgh총괄,재외동포현황,Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2013-09-30, p. 17,retrieved2015-04-30and남아시아태평양,재외동포현황,Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2013-09-30, p. 100,retrieved2015-04-30
- ^ab학원, 의료, 종교 및 사회복지[Hagwons, Medical Care, Religion, and Social Welfare].한인기업 디렉토리[Korean Business Directory] (in Korean). Korean Chamber of Commerce/Korean Association in Indonesia. Archived fromthe originalon 2011-07-21.Retrieved2009-06-19.
- ^abcdHan, Sang-jae (2006-04-19).인도네시어의 한인들: 지구촌 리포트[Koreans of Indonesia: Global Village Report] (in Korean). Jae'oe Dongpo Sinmun.Retrieved2007-05-14.
- ^Jung Hwan-bo (정환보) (2011-08-15),'인도네시아 독립영웅' 그는 조선 청년이었다,Kyunghyang Shinmun(in Korean),retrieved2011-09-03
- ^자카르타한국국제학교[Overseas Korean Educational Institutions] (in Korean). National Institute for International Educational Development, Republic of Korea. 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-09-30.Retrieved2007-05-14.
- ^호치민시한국학교[Overseas Korean Educational Institutions] (in Korean). National Institute for International Education Development, Republic of Korea. 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-09-30.Retrieved2007-05-15.
- ^"More converge around 'Little Korea' in Jakarta".The Jakarta Post. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-04-29.Retrieved2007-05-14.
- ^Panggabean, Simon (28 October 2009),"Indonesia, the dream country of Koreans",The Jakarta Post,retrieved2 May2015
- ^"Businesspeople: The backbone of RI's Korean community"(Archive).The Jakarta Post.Thursday April 14, 2005. Retrieved on August 17, 2015.
- ^abPanggabean, Simon A. "Indonesia, the dream country of Koreans"(Archive).The Jakarta Post.October 28, 2009. Retrieved on August 17, 2015.
- ^Nurbianto, Bambang."Koreans made to feel at home in their village in Karawaci".The Jakarta Post.Archived fromthe originalon 2005-04-18.Retrieved2007-05-14.-
- ^수라바야한글학교[Overseas Korean Educational Institutions] (in Korean). National Institute for International Educational Development, Republic of Korea. 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-09-30.Retrieved2007-05-14.
- ^반동한글학교[Overseas Korean Educational Institutions] (in Korean). National Institute for International Educational Development, Republic of Korea. 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-09-30.Retrieved2007-05-14.
- ^"Dynamic Korea: Muslims, a minority among minorities".The Jakarta Post. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-04-29.Retrieved2007-05-14.
- ^"Dr Ali Ann Sun Gun: Kegiatan Dakwah di Korsel Sangat Intens"(in Indonesian). Republika Online.