The Mediterranean countries are those that surround theMediterranean Seaor located within theMediterranean Basin.[1]Twenty sovereign countries inSouthern Europe,Western AsiaandNorth Africaregions border the sea itself, two island nations completely located in it (MaltaandCyprus), in addition to twoBritish Overseas Territories(Gibraltarin the west andAkrotiri & Dhekeliain the east).
While not having a coastline in the Mediterranean,Portugal,Andorra,San Marino,Vatican City,Kosovo,Serbia,North Macedonia,Bulgaria,andJordanare sometimes included on the list of Mediterranean countries, in a climate (biogeography) context.[2][3]Such classification is mostly based on theirgeographical,economic,geopolitical,historical,ethnicandcultural(language, art, music, cuisine) ties to the region as a whole. Other factors includeclimateandflora.
List of countries on the Mediterranean Sea
editBelow is the list of the countries and territories bordering the Mediterranean, listed clockwise from Gibraltar on the southern tip of theIberian Peninsula:
Southern European coast, from west to east
Spain[4]
Gibraltar[4](British Overseas Territory)
France[4]
Monaco[4]
Italy[4]
Malta[4]
Slovenia[4]
Croatia[4]
Bosnia and Herzegovina[4]
Montenegro[4]
Albania[4]
Greece[4]
Cyprus[4]
Turkey(East Thrace)[4]
Western Asian coast, from north to south
- Turkey(Anatolia)[4]
- Cyprus[4]
Northern Cyprus(recognized only by Turkey, seeCyprus problem)
Akrotiri and Dhekelia(British Overseas Territory)
Syria
Lebanon[4]
Israel[4]
Palestine(Gaza Strip)[4]
Egypt(Sinai Peninsula)[4]
Northern African coast, from east to west
List of countries in the Mediterranean Basin
editBelow is the list of the countries and territories in the biogeographicalMediterranean Basin.
Southern Europe
Portugal- Spain[4]
- Gibraltar[4](British Overseas Territory)
- France[4]
- Monaco[4]
- Italy[4]
- Malta[4]
- Slovenia[4]
- Croatia[4]
- Bosnia and Herzegovina[4]
- Montenegro[4]
- Albania[4]
- Greece[4]
- Cyprus[4]
- Akrotiri and Dhekelia(British Overseas Territory)
- Turkey
Western Asia
- Cyprus[4]
- Akrotiri and Dhekelia(British Overseas Territory)
- Turkey
- Syria[4]
- Lebanon[4]
- Israel[4]
- Palestine
Northern Africa
Other countries
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^"The Countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea".www.mediterranean-yachting.com.
- ^Tourism in the Mediterranean.World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). 2016.doi:10.18111/9789284416929.ISBN978-92-844-1692-9.Retrieved15 March2021.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^Adamo, Katia; Garonna, Paolo."Euro-Mediterranean Integration and Cooperation"(PDF).unece.org.Retrieved15 March2021.
- ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatau"The Countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea".mediterranean-yachting.com.Retrieved24 March2015.