Sufi saintsorwali(Arabic:ولي,plural ʾawliyāʾ أولياء) played an instrumental role in spreadingIslamthroughout the world.[1]In the traditional Islamic view, a saint is portrayed as someone "marked by [special] divine favor... [and] holiness", and who is specifically "chosen by God and endowed with exceptional gifts, such as the ability to workmiracles."[2]
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Mausoleum_of_Khoja_Ahmed_Yasawi_in_Hazrat-e_Turkestan%2C_Kazakhstan.jpg/220px-Mausoleum_of_Khoja_Ahmed_Yasawi_in_Hazrat-e_Turkestan%2C_Kazakhstan.jpg)
List
editA
edit- Abul Hasan ash-Shadhili
- Ali Hisam-ad-Din Naqshbandi
- Ameer Muhammad Akram Awan(1934–2017, 12th Sheikh of Silsila Naqshbandia Owaisiah and writer of several books and 03 Tafaseer of the Holy Qur'an)
- Abdallah ibn Alawi al-Haddad(1634–1720, buried inHadhramaut,author on several books onDhikr)
- Abdullah Ansari
- Abdullah Shah Ghazi(d. 720, buried inKarachi)
- Abdul Khaliq Ghajadwani(d. 1179, buried inBukhara,one of theKhwajaganof theNaqshbandiorder)
- Abdul Qadir Gilani(1077–1166, buried inBaghdad,founder of theQadiriyyaSufi order)[3][4]
- Abdul Razzaq Gilani(1134–1207, buried inBaghdad,son of Abdul Qadir Gilani, promoted the Qadiriyya order)
- Abu Ishaq Shami(d. 940, buried onMount Qasioun,founder of theChishti Order)
- Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr(967–1049, buried inMiana, Turkmenistan,poet who innovated the use of love poetry to express mystic concepts)
- Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi(1219–1287, buried inAnfoushi,one of the four master saints of Egypt)
- Abul Hasan Hankari(1018–1093, buried in Baghdad, noted scholar and miracle worker)
- Adam Khaki(14th century, buried inBadarpur, Assam,took part in theConquest of Sylhetand preached at Badarpur)
- Afaq Khoja(1626–1694, buried inXinjiang,opposed theChagatai Khanate's attempt to enforceYassalaw on Muslims)
- Ahmad Main Sarkar Qadri Chishti Rehamani Shakoori Abdul Ulai Jahangiri Rehmanpur Sharif Rahimyar Khan
- Ahamed Muhyudheen Noorishah Jeelani(1915–1990, buried inHyderabad,India,founder of the Nooriya Sufi order)
- Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi(1856–1921, buried in theBareilly Sharif Dargah,reformer in British India)
- Ahmad Ghazali(1061 to 1123 or 1126, buried inQazvin,younger brother of the more famous Al-Ghazali, reasoned that as God is absolute beauty, to adore any object of beauty is to participate in a divine act of love)
- Ahmad al-Tijani(1737–1815, buried inFez, Morocco), founder of theTijaniyyahorder)
- Ahmadou Bamba(1853–1927, buried next to theGreat Mosque of Touba,lead a pacifist struggle against theFrench colonial empire)
- Ahmad Yasawi(1093–1166, buried in theMausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi,poet, founder of Turkish Sufism)
- Akshamsaddin(1389–1459, buried inGöynük,tutor and advisor toMehmed the Conqueror)
- Akhundzada Saif-ur-Rahman Mubarak(1925–2010, buried inLahore,founder of theSaifiaSufi order)
- Al-Busiri(1211–1294, buried inAlexandria,poet, author of theQasida Burda)
- Wasif Ali Wasif(1929–1993, buried inLahore,was a teacher, writer, poet, and Sufi saint from Pakistan)
- Habib al-Ajami(d. 738, buried inBasra)
- Abu Bakr al-Aydarus(1447–1508, buried inAden,the patron saint of Aden, credited with introducingQadiri Sufismto Ethiopia and coffee to the Arab world)
- Ahmad al-Badawi(1200–1276, buried inAhmad Al-Badawi Mosque,most popular saint in Egypt)
- Khwaja Ahrar(1404–1490 AD), played a significant role in establishing theNaqshbandiOrder
- Al-Ghazali(1058–1111, buried inTus, Iran,considered aMujaddid,author ofThe Revival of the Religious SciencesandThe Incoherence of the Philosophers,influenced early modern European criticism ofAristotelian physics)
- Al-Hallaj(858–922, ashes scattered in theTigris,imprisoned and executed after requesting "O Muslims, save me from God" and declaring "I am the Truth" )
- Ali Hujwiri(1009–1072/77, buried inLahore,Pakistan,author ofKashf ul Mahjoob,spread Sufism throughout theIndian Subcontinent)[5]
- Ali-Shir Nava'i(1441–1501, buried inHerat,author ofMuhakamat al-Lughataynand founder of Turkic literature)
- Abu al-Hassan al-Kharaqani(963–1033, illiterate mystic who influencedAvicenna,Rumi,andJami)
- Al-Qushayri(986–1072, buried in Nishapur, author who distinguished four layers of Quranic interpretation and defended the historical lineage of Sufism)
- Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari(1196–1291, buried nearHaridwar,founder of the Sabiriya branch of the Chishti order)[6]
- Amir Khusrau(1253–1325, buried in theNizamuddin Dargah,influential musician, considered the "father ofUrdu literature")[7]
- Amir Kulal(1278–1370, buried nearBukhara,taughtTimurandBaha' al-Din Naqshband)
- Attar of Nishapur(1145–1221, buried in theMausoleum of Attar of Nishapur,author ofThe Conference of the Birdsand the hagiographicTazkirat al-Awliya)
- Aurangzeb(1618–1707), buried inKhuldabad,also known as Jinda Pir. Author of Fatwa e Alamgir.
- Azan Faqir(17th century, buried inSivasagarnear theBrahmaputra River,reformer who stabilized Islam in theAssamregion)[8]
- Abd al-Karīm al-Jīlī(1365–1424, expounded on the works ofIbn Arabi)
- Abu Al Fazal Abdul Wahid Yemeni Tamimi
- Abdul Aziz bin Hars bin Asad Yemeni Tamimi
- Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi
- Abu Bakr Shibli
- Ahmad Zarruq
- Arabati Baba Teḱe
- Ata Hussain Fani Chishti(1816–1893, buried inGaya (India)) was aSufisaint of theChishti Orderin South Asia.
B
edit- Baba Fakruddin(1169–1295, buried inPenukonda)[9]
- Baba Kuhi of Shiraz(948–1037)
- Baba Shadi Shaheed(17th century, first ChibRajputto convert to Islam, married a daughter ofBabur)
- Sheikh Bedreddin(1359–1420, buried inIstanbulin 1961, revolted againstMehmed I)
- Baha' al-Din Naqshband(1318–1389, buried inBukhara,founder of theNaqshbandiorder)
- Balım Sultan(d. 1517/1519, buried inNevşehir Province,co-founder of theBektashi Order)
- Bahauddin Zakariya(1170–1267, buried in theShrine of Bahauddin Zakariya,spread theSuhrawardiyyaorder through South Asia)[10]
- Bande Nawaz(1321–1422, buried inGulbarga,spread the Chishti Order to southern India)[11]
- Khwaja Baqi Billah(1564–1605, buried inDelhi,spread theNaqshbandiorder into India)[12]
- Bawa Muhaiyaddeen(d. 1986, founder of theBawa Muhaiyaddeen FellowshipinPhiladelphia)
- Bayazid Bastami(874/5-848/9, buried inShrine of Bayazid Bostami,noted for his ideas onspiritual intoxication)
- Bibi Jamal Khatun(d. 1639 or 1647, lived inSehwan Sharif,sister ofMian Mir)[13]
- Bodla Bahar(1238–1298, buried inSehwan Sharif,features in the miracle stories ofLal Shahbaz Qalandar)
- Bu Ali Shah Qalandar(1209–1324, buried inPanipat)[14]
- Bulleh Shah(1680–1757, buried inKasur,regarded as "the father of Punjabi enlightenment" )
D
edit- Dara Shikoh(1615–1659, brother ofAurangzeb,author ofMajma-ul-Bahrain)[15]
- Daud Bandagi Kirmani(1513–1575, buried inShergarh, Punjab)[16]
- Dawūd al-Qayṣarī
- Dawud Tai(d. circa 777-782)
- Dhul-Nun al-Misri
F
edit- Fakhr ad-Din ar-Razi
- Fariduddin Ganjshakar(1188–1280, buried in theShrine of Baba Farid,Pakpattan, Pakistanand developedPunjabi literaturethrough poetry)[17]
- Fazl Ahmad Khan (1857–1907), Indian Sufi teacher
- Fuzuli(1494–1556), considered one of the greatest poets ofAzerbaijani literature)
- Imam Fassi
G
edit- Ghulam Ali Dehlavi(1743–1824, buried inDelhi)
- Ghulam Farid(1845–1901), buried inMithankot,poet
- Ghousi Shah(1893–1954, buried inHyderabad)
- Gül Baba(d. 1541, buried inTomb of Gül Baba,esoteric author and patron saint ofBudapest)
H
edit- Habib Noh(1788–1866, buried inKeramat Habib Noh)
- Hafez(1315–1390, buried inTomb of Hafez,highly popularantinomianPersian poet whose works are regularly quoted and even used for divination)
- Haji Huud(1025–1141, buried inPatan, Gujarat,helped spread Islam in India)[18]
- Haji Bayram Veli(1352–1430, buried inAnkara,founder of theBayramiyeorder)
- Haji Bektash Veli(1209–1271, buried in theHaji Bektash Veli Complex,revered by bothAlevisandBektashis)
- Hamzah Fansuri(d.c.1590, buried in Ujong Pacu,Aceh)
- Hasan al-Basri(642–728, buried inAz Zubayr,highly important figure in the development of Sunni Sufism)
- Hazrat Babajan(d. 1931, buried inPune,master toMeher Baba)
- Hayreddin Tokadi
- Yusuf Hamdani(1062–1141, buried inMerv)
- Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani(1314–1384, buried inKhatlon Region,spread theKubrawiyaorder throughout Asia)[19]
- Usman Harooni
- Ali Hujwiri
I
edit- Iraqī(1213–1289)[20]
- Ibrahim Niass
- Ibrahim ibn Adham
- Ibn Arabi
- Ibn Ata Allah
- Imam Ali-ul-Haq(925–971, buried inSialkot).
- Ibrahim al-Dasuqi(1255–1296, buried inDesouk,founder of theDesoukiorder)
- İbrahim Hakkı Erzurumi(1703–1780, buried inTillo,astronomer and encyclopedist, first Muslim author to cover post-Copernican astronomy)
- Ibrahim ibn Faïd(1396–1453)
- Imadaddin Nasimi
- Ismail Haqqi Bursevi(1653–1725, buried inBursa,author noted for esoteric interpretations of the Quran)
- Ismail Qureshi al Hashmi(1260–1349)
J
edit- Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari(1192–1291)[21]
- Jamal-ud-Din Hansvi
- Jabir ibn Hayyan
- Ja'far al-Sadiq
- Jahanara Begum Sahib(1614–1681)[15]
- Jahaniyan Jahangasht(1308–1384)
- Jamī
K
edit- Kasim Baba,fifteenth century Bektashi holy man and missionary
- Khalid-i Baghdadi(1779–1827)
- Khalil Ur Rehman (Sohnay Main Sarkar) Qadri Chishti Rehamani Shakoori Abdul Ulai Jahangiri
Rehmanpur Sharif Rahimyar Khan
- Kabir(1398–1518)
M
edit- Muhibbullah Allahabadi
- Aisha Al-Manoubya
- Madurai Maqbara
- Merkez Efendi
- Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan(1699–1781)
- Muhammad Jaunpuri
- Muhammad al-Jazuli
- Syed Abdul Rehman Jilani Dehlvi(1024-1088)
- Abdul Karim Jili
- Junayd of Baghdad
- Khâlid-i Baghdâdî
- Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki
- Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari
- Maruf Karkhi
- Khan Jahan Ali(d. 1459)
- Lal Shahbaz Qalander(1177–1274)[22]
- Machiliwale Shah
- Magtymguly Pyragy
- Noor Muhammad Maharvi(1730–1791)
- Mahmoodullah Shah
- Mahmud Hudayi
- Madurai Maqbara
- Mir Amjad Ibrahim Ash Shadhili
- Meher Ali Shah
- Mian Mir(1550–1635)[23]
- Mian Muhammad Bakhsh
- Sayyid Ali Hamadani
- Muhammad Suleman Taunsvi
- Mohammad Tartusi
- Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi(1013-1119)[24]
- Muhammad Al-Makki
- Muhammad ibn Tayfour Sajawandi
- Muhammad Ilyas Attar Qadri
- Muqaddam
- Muhammad Qadiri(1552-1654)
- Mustafa Devati
- Mustafa Gaibi
- Mushtaq Ali Shah(?-1792)
- Makhdoom Ali Mahimi(1372–1431)[25]
- Mohammed al-Hadi ben Issa(1467–1526, buried inMeknes,founder of theAissawaorder)
- Moinuddin Chishti(1141–1230, buried in theAjmer Sharif Dargah,spread the Chishti order throughout India)[26]
- Muhammad ibn `Ali at-Tirmidhi
N
editO
editP
edit- Pir Baba(1431–1502)[28]
- Pir Sultan
- Pir Yemeni
- Muhammad Alauddin Siddiqui(1936–2017)[29]
Q
edit- Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
- Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar
- Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
- Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki(1173–1235)
R
edit- Ahmad Sirhindi(a.k.a. Imam Rabbani; ca. 1564–1624)[30]
- Rabia Basri
- Rahman Baba
- Ahmed al-Rifa'i
- Rukn-e-Alam(1251–1335)[31]
- Rumi
S
edit- Saadi Shirazi
- Farqad Sabakhi
- Sachal Sarmast(1739-1827)
- Shaban Veli
- Shah Maroof Khushabi
- Sidi Boushaki
- Sahl al-Tustari
- Salim Chishti(1478–1572)[32]
- Salman the Persian
- Sanai
- Syed Ahmad Sultan(12th-century)
- Sarı Saltık
- Sarmad Kashani(d. 1661)[33]
- Saint Nuri
- Ashraf Jahangir Semnani(1308–1405)[34]
- Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai(1689-1752)
- Shah Badakhshi(1584–1661)[35]
- Sayed Badiuddin
- Shah Gardez(1026–1152)[36]
- Shah Hussain(1538–1599)[37]
- Shah Jalal(1271–1347)[38]
- Shah Jalal Dakhini(d. 1476)
- Shah Amanat(d. 1809)
- Shah Paran(14th century)[39]
- Shamas Faqir
- Shams Tabrizi
- Molla Şemseddin Fenari
- Sheikh Edebali
- Şeyh Gâlib
- Shah Syed Muhammad Nurbakhsh Qahistani
- Syed Ahmad Ullah Maizbhandari(1826-1906)
- Soch Kraal
- Sufi Barkat Ali
- Shahab al-Din Abu Hafs Umar Suhrawardi
- Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi
- Sharfuddin Shah Wilayat(1255-1346)
- Shaykh Syed Mir Mirak Andrabi( 921A.H - 990 A.H)
- Somuncu Baba
- Sirri Saqti
- Sultan Bahu(1628–1691)
- Sultan Walad
- Shah Farid-ud-Din Baghdadi(c. 1551 AD – c. 1733 AD)
- Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi
- Safi-ad-din Ardabili
- Sünbül Efendi
T
editU
editW
editY
editZ
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^Schimmel, Annemarie(1975).Mystical Dimensions of Islam.Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. p.346.ISBN0-8078-1271-4.
- ^Radtke, B., "Saint", in:Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān,General Editor: Jane Dammen McAuliffe, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.
- ^Biographical encyclopaedia of Sufis: Central Asia and Middle Eastby N. Hanif, 2002, p. 123.
- ^The Sultan of the saints: mystical life and teaching of Shaikh Syed Abdul Qadir Jilani,Muhammad Riyāz Qādrī, 2000, p. 24.
- ^Pnina Werbner (2003).Pilgrims of Love: The Anthropology of a Global Sufi Cult.C. Hurst & Co. p. 4.
- ^Dr. Harbhajan Singh (2002).Sheikh Farid.Hindi Pocket Books. p. 11.ISBN81-216-0255-6.
- ^E.G. Browne (1998).Literary History of Persia.
- ^The Brahmaputra Beckons.Brahmaputra Beckons Publication Committee. 1982. p. 39.Retrieved2008-09-05.
- ^Jagadish Narayan Sarkar.Thoughts on Trends of Cultural Contacts in Medieval India.p. 41.
- ^ZH Sharib (2006).The Sufi saints of the Indian subcontinent.Munshirm Manoharlal Pub Pvt Ltd.
- ^Urs-e-Sharief of Khwaja Bande Nawaz in Gulbarga from tomorrowArchived2008-06-12 at theWayback Machine"The Hindu",Nov 27, 2007.
- ^"Article on KhwajaBaqi Billah".Archived fromthe originalon 2010-06-27.Retrieved2009-11-15.
- ^Ernst, Carl W.(1997).The Shambhala Guide to Sufism.Boston: Shambhala. p.67.ISBN978-1570621802.
- ^"Dargah of Bu-Ali-Shah-Qalandar".Archivedfrom the original on 2010-03-14.Retrieved2009-11-08.
- ^abSchimmel, Annemarie(1997).My Soul Is a Woman: The Feminine in Islam.New York: Continuum. p. 50.ISBN0-8264-1014-6.
- ^Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh’, Vol II and III, by Abdul Qadir bin Mulik Shah Al-Badaoni (Translated into English by R.A. Ranking in 1894).
- ^Sandeep Singh Bajwa."Baba Fariduddin Mas'ud".Archived fromthe originalon 2009-10-07.Retrieved2009-11-08.
- ^"Haji Huud" (Oct. 1, 2001). Published in Al Ashraf:17–20.
{{cite journal}}
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(help) - ^G. M. D. Sufi."THE SPREAD OF ISLAM IN KASHMIR".Archived fromthe originalon 2007-04-19.Retrieved2009-11-09.
- ^William C. Chittick."ʿERĀQĪ, FAḴR-al-DĪN EBRĀHĪM".Encyclopedia Iranica.Archivedfrom the original on 2015-11-17.Retrieved2015-11-17.
- ^Muhammad Dawood."Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari".Archived fromthe originalon 2010-03-15.Retrieved2009-11-08.
- ^Sarah Ansari (1971).Sufi Saints and State Power: The Pirs of Sind, 1843-1947.Vanguard Books.
- ^K J S Ahluwalia (May 2006)."Spot the Emperor in the Story of Fakir Mian Mir".The Times of India.Archivedfrom the original on 2012-02-11.Retrieved2009-11-15.
- ^Gibb, H.A.R.; Kramers, J.H.; Levi-Provencal, E.; Schacht, J. (1986) [1st. pub. 1960].Encyclopaedia of Islam.Vol. I (A-B) (New ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 69.ISBN9004081143.
- ^S Ahmed Ali (2002-12-22)."On Urs, Mumbai police keep tryst with Sufi saint".Archivedfrom the original on 2005-04-22.Retrieved2009-11-13.
- ^Neeti M. Sadarangani.Bhakti poetry in medieval India.p. 60.
- ^originally compiled by Amir Hasan ʻAlāʼ Sijzī Dehlawī; English translation with introduction and historical annotation by Ziya-ul-Hasan Faruqi. (1996).Fawa'id Al-Fu'ad--Spiritual and Literary Discourses of Shaikh Nizammuddin Awliya.South Asia Books.ISBN8124600422.
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:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^"Hazrat Pir Baba (Rahmatullahi Allaih)".www.pirbaba.org.Archivedfrom the original on 29 October 2017.Retrieved4 May2018.
- ^"English Biography - Shaykh Muhammad Alaudin Siddiqui".www.mailofislam.com.Retrieved2021-12-28.
- ^Aziz Ahmad,Studies in Islamic Culture in the Indian Environment,Oxford University Press, 1964, p.189
- ^"HISTORY OF MULTAN".Archivedfrom the original on 2008-12-04.Retrieved2009-11-08.
- ^Carl W. Ernst; Bruce B. Lawrence (2002).Sufi martyrs of love: the Chishti Order in South Asia and beyond.New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 98.ISBN1403960275.
- ^Gupta, M.G. (2000).Sarmad the Saint: Life and Works(Revised ed.). MG Publishers.ISBN81-85532-32-X.
- ^Carl W. Ernst; Bruce B. Lawrence (2002).Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order in South Asia and Beyond.New York: Palgrave Macmillan.ISBN1403960267.
- ^Tasadduq Husain (Jul–Aug 2002). "The Spiritual Journey of Dara Shukoh".Social Scientist.30(7/8):54–66.doi:10.2307/3518151.JSTOR3518151.
- ^DRAMK DURRANI (1989). "Central Asian Saints of Multan". Area Study Centre (Central Asia), University of Peshawar.
{{cite journal}}
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(help) - ^Lal, Mohan. (2006)Encyclopaedia of Indian literature.Vol. 5, Sahitya Akademi, Delhi, p. 3940.ISBN81-260-1221-8
- ^Karim, Abdul (2012)."Shah Jalal (R)".InIslam, Sirajul;Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh(Second ed.).Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.Archived fromthe originalon 2015-07-07.Retrieved2016-05-09.
- ^Kānunago, Sunīti Bhūshaṇa (1988).A History of Chittagong. Dipankar Qanungo.Dipankar Qanungo. p. 476.Retrieved2009-11-07.
- ^Masood Ali Khan, S. Ram., ed. (2003).Encyclopaedia of Sufism.New Delhi: Anmol Publications.ISBN8126113111.